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1. President Washington communicated with the newspapers mainly for important formal messages to the nation and used quills and ink to send letters.

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1. Newspapers were now more prevalent and he used the telegraph during the civil war to communicate. He also publicly spoke a lot.
2. Newspapers were now prominent and the telegraph was a new invention.

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1. Messages were still communicated through the newspapers and now there were campaign commercials.
2. The commercials were new and gave formal addresses instead of the debates that Lincoln had.

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1.  A new way of writing and now his messages in newspapers contained slogans.
2. He was now being very creative with his slogans to draw in favor from the people.

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1.  FDR now used the radio and still relied on using the newspapers to send his messages.
2. Past presidents did not have the ability to broadcast their messages to the entire country like how FDR did with the radio.

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1. Television had now been invented and he used this as well as the radio still to broadcast his debates and messages nationwide.
2. The president now used the TV instead of the radio as much so that the nation could see him and not just hear his voice.

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1. He held public conventions and used the first presidential email. Also used the TV and radio.
2. He used the email now before the eventual rise of social media which would provide a platform for the president unlike any other.

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1. Obama used Twitter and other social media heavily during his presidency, but also still used debates, TV, newspapers, and other online resources.
2. Now that everyone was using social media and always on their phones this was now the most effective way for the president to reach everyone. This was obviously not available for past presidents.

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1. Trump relied even more heavily on social media and Twitter, but also held rallies and created merchandise for further support.
2. Trump found new ways to promote himself past the ability of any previous president through the use of social media to reach people and the selling of all kinds of merchandise.