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1 The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.

2 He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.

3 He restoreth my soul: he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name’s sake.

4 Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me

5 Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over.

6 Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever

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The traditional Greek name meaning "origin".

First and best-known book of the Bible which tells the stories of the following:

The Creation (1-2)

Fall of Adam and Eve (3)

Cain and Abel/Cain's murder of

Abel (4)

Noah's ark (5-10)

Tower of Babel (11)

Abraham and his sons (12-13) and

Many more—the stories that explain how the world and humanity were created

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Divine Sources (such as the oral traditions, divine inspiration by God and God's spirit.)

Human (such as prophets)

Sages (wise people such as Solomon)

Historians (such as Luke)

Apostles (associates of God such as Matthew, Paul, and Mark)

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Ancient Hebrew Literature

Literature in Hebrew begins with oral literature of the Leshon Hakodesh on the Holy Language since it's on the very ancient times and with teaching of Abraham the first of the Biblical Patriach of Israel.

Beyond comparison the most important word in ancient hebrew is the hebrew bible (Tanakh).

The mishna is the primary rabbinic codification of laws as derived from the torah. It was written in the mishnais hebrew.

Medieval Hebrew Literature

During the medieval period, the majority of Jewish and Hebrew literature was composed in Islamic North Africa, Spain, Palestine, and the Middle East.

Many works of medieval philosophical literature, as well as many works of fiction, were written in Judeo-Arabic.

Jewish poetry were added to the Hebrew-language liturgy. This liturgy was compiled in book form as "the siddur" by rabbis including Amram Gaon and Saadia Gaon.

Modern Hebrew Literature

In addition to writing traditional rabbinic literature in Hebrew, modern Jews developed new forms of fiction, poetry, and essay-writing, which are typically called “Modern Hebrew Literature."

18th Century

“La-Yesharim Tehillah" - it is an allegorical drama

- 1st product of modern Hebrew Literature

- It was written by MosescHayyim Luzatto

- Moses Mendelsshon's translation of the Hebrew Bible into

- German inspired interest in the Hebrew language that led to the founding of a quarterly review written in Hebrew.

“Shire Tif'eret" and "Mosiade" - poems made by Nephtali Hirz and Wessely.

19th Century

In nineteenth-century Galicia, poets, scholars, and popular writers who contributed to the dissemination of Hebrew and to the emancipation of the Jews of Galicia including:

Joseph Perl (1773-1839), writer and educator who, in 1819, published Revealer of Secrets, the first Hebrew novel.

Nachman Krochmal (1785-1840), a philosopher, theologian, and historian.

Solomon Judah Loeb Rapoport (1790-1867), a rabbi, poet, and biographer.

Isaac Erter (1792-1841), a satirical poet whose collection of essays,

"Ha-Tzofeh le-Bet Yisrael," is one of the purest works of modern Hebrew literature, attacking Hasidic superstitions and prejudices in a vigorous and classical style.

Meir Halevi Letteris (1800-1871), a lyric poet also known for his adaption of Goethe's Faust into Hebrew.

20th Century

Leah Goldberg - prolific writer and pioneer of Israel Children's Literature.

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Begins with oral literature of the Leshon Hadokesh or the“Holy Language."

Hebrew Bible written as early as 800 B.C.E and finalized in about 200 B.C.E

Bible is from Greek word "biblia" means little books.

The important ancient work of ancient Hebrew is the Hebrew bible which called “Tanakh” it is made up of 39 smaller works.

History of Tanakh

It means “instruction” and refers to the will of God as it is revealed to humankind.

3 major parts: The Torah,  The Prophets, The Writings

Torah: Five Books

Important part of the Tanakh

Contains 61 specific laws, most famous being the Ten Commandments.

Contains the first five books of the bible, it is called "PENTATEUCH”

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GENESIS (Berishith)  - contains the stories of creation, Adam and Eve, Noah, Abraham, Sarah, and their offspring.

EXODUS (Shemot) - the stories of Moses; the

liberation from slavery in Egypt; the ten commandments.

LEVITICUS (Vayikra)  - detailing of the laws of

sacrifices, and other laws pertaining to the priests.

NUMBERS (Bemidbar) - the wandering of the 12 tribes of Israel in the wilderness for 40 years.

DEUTERONOMY (Devarim) - series of the talks before the people entered the Promised Land, reindeer that the gift of Land depended on obedience to the law.

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Written in a time when the Jewish people were in exile from their homeland.

it contains warnings to the Jewish people to stay faithful, to practice justice, and to be mindful of widows, and orphans.

major prophets are: Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Isaiah, and Ezekiel.

The Twelve Prophets:

Hosea

Amos

Obadiah

Joel

Jonah

Micah

Habakkuk

Nahum

Zephaniah

Haggai

Zacariah

Malachi

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Known as wisdom books or wisdom literature.

It was written during the period of exile

Contains sayings or proverbs by the wise people that reveal ways of living Jewish life.

The Writings: Ketuvim

Psalms

Proverbs

Job

Songs of Songs

Ruth

Lamentations

Ecclesiastes

Ester

Daniel

Ezra - Nehemiah

Chronicles

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The power of God

The goodness of God

The mercy of God

Love

Covenant between God and man

Sinfulness of man

Forgiveness of God

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The Bible and its five books, namely Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, reminded us of how everything started and how God has created every single thing in this world. Indeed, God’s creations were wonderful, and no one can ever surpass them. The Bible not only served as a holy scripture of Christianity, but it also served as an instrument for us to be aware of the revelation from God and a way of communicating God’s words to his followers.

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GOD/THE LORD GOD

The main character in the Book of Genesis. God is often referred to as simply “God” (in Hebrew, elohim), but in other places, God’s name is rendered “LORD God”.

Genesis portrays God as the all-powerful creator, making the heavens, the earth, and all the earth’s creatures, including human beings, out of nothing.

ADAM: “THE MAN”

The first man and name comes from the Hebrew for “human being”. He is formed from the dust of the ground and brought to life by God’s breath. Adam is given “dominion” over the rest of God’s creatures and, because none of these creatures is a fit companion for him, he is given a wife, Eve (formed by God from one of Adam’s ribs).

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DAY 1 (1:3-5) - On the first day, God created light by speaking it into existence. God called the light-Day and the darkness-Night.

DAY 2 (1:6-8) - God created an “expanse” to separate the waters. He called the expanse “Heaven”.

DAY 3 (1:9-13) - God created the dry land, called Earth, and separated it from the waters, which He called Seas. Next, He made the vegetation, plants, and trees that grow on the earth.

DAY 4 (1:14-19) - God created the sun, moon, planets, and stars and placed them in the heavens.

He assigned them the job of giving light to the earth and created them in a way that allowed humans to use them to keep time by marking days, seasons, and years.

DAY 5 (1:20-23) - God created sea life and birds. God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the waters in the seas and let the birds multiply on the earth.”

God created the animals that live on dry land. Then God created man in His own image.

He appointed humans to have “dominion” over all the other created beings. After looking over all He had created, God concluded it was all “very good.”

According to Scripture, God created “the heavens and the earth” fully formed and functioning in six days, about 6,000 years ago (around 4000 BC). The contexts of Genesis 1, as well as other places in the Bible, make it clear that these days were ordinary, 24-hour days. Every time the word day appears with “evening  and morning” or with a number like “sixth day,” it refers to a finished24-hour day.

DAT 7 (2: 1-3) - Thus the heavens and the earth were , and all the host of them. And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.

And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.

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Four Great Themes:

God and God alone created all things/the creation

God is sovereign over his creation

God created with wisdom and order

God created man as a pinnacle of his creation

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Let the world around you grow your admiration of God.

He is not a small God capable of a few wonders; He is an unimaginably powerful God who is the origin of all creativity and beauty.

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The book of Genesis describes how everything in this world has been created by God. This serves as a powerful revelation of God’s mercy. As I remember, when I was a child, I was wondering how the world and humans were created, and when I started to be acquainted with the Bible, that was the time that the answers to my questions were provided. Indeed, God is almighty, and we are all products of God’s mercy. May we treasure everything in this world, as we are all created by God to protect all his creations.

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Faith and Religion

Morality

Happiness and Gratitude

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Trust that the Lord will protect and provide. Have faith over fear.

Have a clear distinction of good vs. evil.

Giving thanks for everything and be content with what we have.

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Psalm 23, The Lord is My Shepherd, imparted to me that God will always be there for us no matter what happens, and what is important is the trust that we have in him. We should also remind ourselves that we should form a clear distinction between good and evil, as we human beings are rational. The Lord is always with us; we should fear nothing. Lastly, this also conveyed the importance of gratitude for every blessing that we receive, big or small.