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-Severe pneumonia for 4 days
-Is currently being treated for multiple myeloma (immune system impaired=more susceptible for illness/virus).
-Found to have respiratory, renal and bone marrow failure.

(Information collected from case study slides)

These signs and symptoms are accurate to the Virus Legionellosis. These signs and symptoms include:

high temperature, feverishness and chills;

cough.

muscle pains.

headache

pneumonia, very occasionally.

diarrhea and signs of mental confusion.

(Information found: hse.gov.uk/legionnaires/symptoms.htm)

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2. The typical shape and arrangement of legionella.

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2. The typical shape and arrangement of legionella.

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This is what the arrangement of legionella looks like! This bacteria is a rod shaped.

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3. Staining techniques that were used to characterize the bacterium in this case study.

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3. Staining techniques that were used to characterize the bacterium in this case study.

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The Legionella bacterium is a tiny, gram-negative, waterborne, aerobic, nonmotile, and oxidase and catalase positive bacillus. The finicky Legionella bacterium won't grow anaerobically on a common media. the staining technique that you would want to use would be, Colony Gram stain: pleomorphic Gram-negative rods.

(information was found on the slides as well as: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legionella_pneumophila )

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 4. Unique features that may be seen with light microscopy of the bacilli: 

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 4. Unique features that may be seen with light microscopy of the bacilli: 

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Legionella cells are small, Gram-negative bacilli that range in size from 2 to 20 m. After growing on the surface of agar, specifically, long, filamentous forms may arise. Typically this growth happens within three days of incubation.

(This information was found on the slide deck of the case study)

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5. When looking at Legionella under a microscope one would find it to look like this:

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5. When looking at Legionella under a microscope one would find it to look like this:

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Here we see Legionella under a microscope, the staining technique that was used here was a gram stain using safranin to stain the gram negative stain pink.

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6. The microbiology tests that were ordered, explained.

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6. The microbiology tests that were ordered, explained.

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Due to the patients symptoms, lab techs were able to do the proper tests with the proper technique in order to confirm that the bacteria that invaded their patient was in fact legionella! These tests included:
-3 days of moderate incubation, a fastidious bacterium grew.

-L-cysteine is necessary for development (auxotroph) only when grown on certain media (Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract, or BCYE).

-The colony shape was observed under a dissecting scope to be opal-like with a speckled blue-green or pinkish-white tint.

(Information found on the slides of the case study)

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-Patient was treated with Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent.

-Patient recovered.

-The clinician could not have diagnosed this patient’s illness without the assistance of the clinical microbiologist.

(information was found in the slides of case study)

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The treatment was prescribed by patients doctor of Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. So that this can stop the DNA synthesis of this particular bacteria and eventually cure the patient. The fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents usually fight off gram-negative bacteria, so once the laboratory results came back that this was Legionella, a gram-negative bacteria, she was put on levofloxacin right away.

(Information found on the slides from the case study as well as: ncbi.nim.nih.gov)

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7. How did the health care team use the test results to make a diagnosis?

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7. How did the health care team use the test results to make a diagnosis?

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Legionellosis can be clinically suspected, but only laboratory testing can confirm the diagnosis. Culturing on special charcoal-containing agar is the favored technique. It also can be identified as legionellosis because growth time during incubation period is 3-14 days and this happened to grow within three days. The growth also presented an Opalescent, speckled blue-green color and was able to grow only in the presence of L-cysteine in the media.
(This information was found on the slides as well as: ncbi.nim.gov/books/NBK7619/)

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10.Things that I personally look forward to with microbiology 

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10.Things that I personally look forward to with microbiology 

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I really look forward to learning about the spread, cure, and growth of all types of microbes and seeing the cultures develop and how they look under the microscope. I thoroughly enjoyed doing this case study because it really did just prove how I love researching different types of bacteria and viruses and how they spread as well as how to stop the spread, because as a nurse it is very important to know how to prevent or stop the spread of bacteria and viruses so we can keep our patients happy and healthy!