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24 investors started the stock exchange to make a profit and pay for new ventures. This profit brought wealth to investors and increased the economic growth.

This helped society start expanding even more and essentially started the increased profit that the Industrial revolution would bring.

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Samuel Slater immigrated from England to the US to help improve their textile mills. In 1793 he built the first successful mill that was powered by water.

Soon after, other manufacturers ended up using his water power idea to increase the production of their own factories and mills.

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Francis Cabot Lowell, during the war of 1812, thought the factories where the thread was spun and where the cloth was woven should be combined. This decision inspired his friends to build a factory town in his name. The women who worked there were known as the "Lowell Girls", as they worked in the Lowell factories. This allowed them to have economic freedom and support their families

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In 1825 Jethro Wood invented the Iron Plow with replaceable parts. Soon after John Deere improved the idea by replacing the iron with steel, allowing it to be pulled by a horse instead of an ox. This greatly helped the farming industry by allowing them to harvest much faster.

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The cities kept growing, and by 1836 Lowell had more than 10,000 people! People who visited often described it as a "model community" with small, neat wooden houses and a cozy feel.

Other communities ended up using this city as their example and matched the style.

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In 1844 Samuel P.B. Morse invented the telegram, and with it Morse code. This was a way of communication with a series of dots and dashes. The telegram was used to send messages over long distances, like the modern telephone. This allowed people to communicate with the longer and shorter tones, which was previously unheard of.

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Elias Howe patented a sewing machine in 1846, and a few years later Isaac Singer improved on it. Clothing makers bought hundreds of this new invention, as it allowed the workers to make dozens of shirts in the time it took to make one by hand. This revolutionized the clothing industry by massively increasing the number of shirts and other items that one person could produce in a set amount of time.

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In 1847 Cyrus McCormick invented the Mechanical Reaper, a machine designed to harvest more grain while less people were required. This was pulled by horses, which were weaker than ox, but could move much faster. This allowed the grain to be collected faster than with the steel plow, and greatly impacted the farming industry. Thousands of farmers left the countryside and headed west to start their own farms with this machine

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In 1800, only 6% of the population was in urban areas, but by 1850, 15% was in urban areas. Newer cities sprung up near factories and old cities continued to grow. Most of these cities had attractions such as shops, museums, theaters, and the circus. These cities impacted society by giving the citizens new jobs in the factories. Urbanization and the rapid expansion of cities only increased with the growing number of factories.

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While the expansion and urbanization of cities was great, it also came with some problems. There was no sewer system, so any garbage would just end up in the street, and the nearby factories polluted the air. This caused cholera, which killed thousands and the people there had no idea what to do.