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It was a movement of Chicano activists that organized anti vietnam war demonstrations and activities in Mexican American communities throughout the Southwest.More than 20,000 Mexican Americans march through East Los Angeles to protest the war.The protest was Known to be peaceful until the sheriffs Department entered laguna park sparking violence causing three deaths.Overall this movement was succesful and led to migrant workers getting better conditions.

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Calls on Chicanos to reclaim their nationalism by mobilizing the masses and founding a free and independent nation.It was adopted at the first National Chicano Youth Liberation Conference in Denver Colorado.It was a Pro indigenest manifesto advocating Chicano nationalism and self determination for Mexican Americans.

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Social protest in 1968 in which thousands of Mexican American High school students walked out of their classes in Los Angeles protesting inequality in the public education system.From March 1-8 around 15,000 students walked out.They formed the EICC,This committee continued to voice students concerns even after the walkouts concluded.The Board said they could not fulfill the demands due to lack of funding.The walkouts represented a call to action for civil rights and access to education for Latino Youth in the city.

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On September 8,1965 Over 800 farm workers affiliated with the agricultural workers Organizing commitee struck 10 vineyards around Delano.They Demanded raises in their hourly wages from 1.25 $to 1.40$ .Two veteran Organizers ,Larry itliong and Ben Gines led the strike.

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The national farm workers association was formed by Cesar Chavez in 1962 which later became the United farm workers of America.  It seeks to empower migrant farm workers and to improve their wages and working conditions. (link) The national farm workers association was important because it showed how and why these farm workers organized and the ways in which they sustained their efforts against the oppressive forces working against them

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The brown berets also came to be known for their direct action against police brutality.They protested killings and abuses of Los Angeles Sheriff's Department in the barrio.And they supported United Farm workers Movement and The Land Grant movement.The Group was co-founded by David Sanchez and Carlos Montes who are still active today.The brown Berets were founded in 1966 and were active in Los Angeles East side neighborhoods.The names was changed to Young Chicanos for community Action in 1967.

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Operation wetback was a response to pressure from board coalition of farmers and business interstet concerned with the effects of Mexican immigrants living in the Untied States without legal permission. (link) Operation wetback is important because it gave rise to arrest and deportations by the U.S. boarder portrayal.

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The case of Mendez V. Westminster is known as the case that ended as the first successful federal school desegregation decision in the nation in 1947. (link) The case is important because it forged a foundation upholding the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment.

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The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of conflicts that occurred in June 1943 in Los Angeles between U.S. servicemen and Mexican Americans youths. (link)  The actual zoot suits were important because they resembled a symbol of cultural resistance in a time of anti-mexican racism was big in Los Angeles. The Zoot Suit Riots were important because it showed how unrelated social pressures can expose and inflame long-suppressed racism into violence.

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The Sleepy Lagoon incident is the murdered body of Jose Diaz that was found in the sleepy lagoon reservoir in southeast Los Angeles on August 2, 1942. Two days later the police arrested 22 men of Mexican descent in Los Angeles for conspiring to kill Diaz despite the lack of evidence. (link) The Sleepy Lagoon case was important because it was a major civil rights cases of the 1940s and increase ethic tensions which culminated in Los Angeles ¨Zoot Suit Riots¨ of 1943

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An executive order called the Mexican Farm Labor Program established the Bracero Program in 1942.This series of diplomatic accords between Mexico and the United States permitted millions of Mexican men to work legally in the United States on short term labor contracts.https://guides.loc.gov/latinx-civil-rights/bracero-program#:~:text=An%20executive%20order%20called%20the,on%20short%2Dterm%20labor%20contracts.

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The World War 2 started on December 7, 1941 after the Japaneses bombing of Pearl Harbor, the United States then declared war on Japan, three days later Germany and Italy declared war on it, The United States became fully engaged in the second world war. (link) World War 2 is important because it gave millions of Americans opportunities, and by the end of the war the nation emerged as the  world's most dominant economy and military power.

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The Great Depression / Mexican Repatriation 1930s

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The Great Depression / Mexican Repatriation 1930s

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The U.S. Deported a Million of Its Own Citizens to Mexico During the Great Depression. Up to 1.8 million people of Mexican decent most of them American born were rounded up in informal raids and deported in an effort to resrve jobs for white people.The logic behind these raids was that Mexican immigrants were supposedly using resources and working jobs that should go to white Americans affected by the Great Depression. https://www.history.com/news/great-depression-repatriation-drives-mexico-deportation#:~:text=Stories-,The%20U.S.%20Deported%20a%20Million%20of%20Its%20Own%20Citizens%20to,reserve%20jobs%20for%20white%20people.

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The Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) then increased the flow: war refugees and political exiles fled to the United States to escape the violence. Mexicans also left rural areas in search of stability and employment. As a result, Mexican migration to the United States rose sharply. The number of legal migrants grew from around 20,000 migrants per year during the 1910s to about 50,000–100,000 migrants per year during the 1920s.https://time.com/3742067/history-mexican-immigration/#:~:text=Mexicans%20also%20left%20rural%20areas,per%20year%20during%20the%201920s.

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Mexican Revolution, (1910–20), a long and bloody struggle among several factions in constantly shifting alliances which resulted ultimately in the end of the 30-year dictatorship in Mexico and the establishment of a constitutional republic.The revolution began against a background of of widespread dissatisfaction with the elitist and oligarchical policies of Porfirio Diaz.that favoured wealthy landowners and industrialists. Francisco Madero, an idealistic liberal from an upper-class family, emerged as the leader of the Antireeleccionistas and announced his candidacy. Díaz had him arrested and declared himself the winner after a mock election in June, but Madero, released from prison, published his Plan de San Luis Potosí from San Antonio, Texas, calling for a revolt on November 20.The revolt was a failure, but it kindled revolutionary hope in many quarters. In the north,Pascual Orozco and Pancho Villa mobilized their ragged armies and began raiding government garrisons.https://www.britannica.com/event/Mexican-Revolution/Rebellion-against-Huertas-rule-and-U-S-intervention

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Pancho Villa’s / Emiliano Zapata’s rebellion 1910-1920

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Pancho Villa’s / Emiliano Zapata’s rebellion 1910-1920

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Pancho Villa, byname of Francisco Villa, original name Doroteo Arango, (born June 5, 1878, Hacienda de Río Grande, San Juan del Río, Durango, Mexico—died July 20, 1923, Parral, Chihuahua), Mexican revolutionary and guerrilla leader who fought against the regimes of both Porfirio Díaz and Victoriano Huerta and after 1914 engaged in civil war and banditry.In 1910 Villa joined Francisco Madero’s uprising against the dictator of Mexico, Porfirio Díaz.Villa continued his guerrilla activities as long as Carranza remained in power. After the overthrow of Carranza’s government in 1920, Villa was granted a pardon and a ranch near Parral (now Hidalgo del Parral), Chihuahua, in return for agreeing to retire from politics. Villa was assassinated three years later.https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-Madero

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The constitution of 1857 prohibited slavery and abridgments of freedom of speech or press. It also ebolished special courts and prohibited civil and ecclesiastical corporations from owning property.
This event was important because it prohibited slavery and abridgments of freedom or press.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Mexico/La-Reforma#ref394388

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Porfirio Diaz , (born September 15, 1830, Oaxaca, Mexico—died July 2, 1915, Paris, France), soldier and president of Mexico (1877–80, 1884–1911), who established a strong centralized state that he held under firm control for more than three decades.During his first four years in office, Díaz began a slow process of consolidation of power and built up a strong political machine. His administration achieved a few public improvements but was more noted for its suppression of revolts.Díaz resigned office on May 25, 1911, and went into exile.https://www.britannica.com/biography/Porfirio-Diaz

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The Gadsden purchase also known as ''La venta de La Masilla'' is a 29,000 square mile region of present day southern Arizona and the southwest of New Mexico that the United states acquired from Mexico by the Gadsden purchase.
This Event is Important because it established the current border between the United States and Mexico, and it resolved some disputes arising from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/gadsden-purchase

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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo-February 2, 1848

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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo-February 2, 1848

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The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was an agreement that ended the Mexican-American war in favor of the United States. The treaty added additional 525,000 square miles to the United States territory. This even was very Important because the Treaty ended the Mexican-American war, United states gained more territory, and Mexico gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as America's southern boundary.
https://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war/treaty-of-guadalupe-hidalgo#section_1

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Us / Mexican War- April 25, 1846 - February 2, 1848

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Us / Mexican War- April 25, 1846 - February 2, 1848

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Mexican-American War was caused by Polk's offer being declined. He had his eyes on California, New Mexico and the rest of what is today's southwest U.S. Polk proceeded to instigate a fight by moving troops into a dispute zone. This Event is important because it fulfilled America's Manifest destiny, to expand its territory across the entire North American Continent. https://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war/mexican-american-war#section_1

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The battle of san Jacinto was a victory that ensured the success of Texan Independence. This event is important because Santa Ana, who had been taken as a prisoner during the battle, signed a peace treaty at Velasco, Texas, which he recognized Texas independence in exchange for his freedom.
https://www.history.com/topics/mexico/battle-of-san-

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Santa Anna's resistance-February 23-March 6, 1836

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Santa Anna's resistance-February 23-March 6, 1836

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The Battle of the Alamo was a privotal event in the Texas revolution. Following a 13-day seige, mexican troops under president General Antonio Lopez de santa Ana reclaimed the Alamo mission near San Antonio de Bexar, killing most texians and Tejanos inside.
The battle of the Alamo was important because it rallied the rest of Texas to fight against the Mexican army eventually leading to a victory over Santa Ana at the battle of San Jacinto.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Alamo

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The election of 1823 was the first time Mexico had elected their first Mexican president. Their first president was Guadalupe Victoria. It was important because the sovereignty of the nation passed over to congress.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Mexico

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Treaty of Córdoba                                                                                 August 24, 1821

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Treaty of Córdoba                                                                                 August 24, 1821

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The treaty of Cordoba was an agreement that recognized Mexico’s independent sovereignty. Hey had arranged for the withdrawal of the remaining Spanish forces.  It's important because it established Mexican Independence from Spain at the conclusion Mexican war of independence.
https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cordoba-treaty-1821

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Iguala de Plan                                                                 February 24, 1821  

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Iguala de Plan                                                                 February 24, 1821  

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The plan of Iguala also known as the Plan of the three Guarantees of Act of Independence of North America, was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated. It was issued by Agustin de Iturbide who was a creole landowner and a former officer in the Spanish army. It's important because that's when the Spanish had agreed to withdraw their troops. https://www.britannica.com/event/Iguala-Plan

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Hidalgo Rebellion May 8, 1753 - July 30, 1811

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Hidalgo Rebellion May 8, 1753 - July 30, 1811

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Hidalgo Rebellion also known as Miguel Hidalgo Costilla was Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary leader who is called the father of Mexican independence. For almost a year, Hidalgo led the independence movement, battling Spanish forces in and around Central Mexico. He was captured and executed in 1811, but others picked up the struggle and Hidalgo is today considered the father of the country. Miguel is important because He led the Mexican revelation. He helped cultivate a unique Mexican identity.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Miguel-Hidalgo-y-Costilla

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Mexican War for Independence from Spain                                         September 16, 1810 - September 27, 1821 

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Mexican War for Independence from Spain                                         September 16, 1810 - September 27, 1821 

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The Mexican war was a conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's Independence from Spain. Its important because it is known as the “ grito de Dolores,” Hidalgo's declaration launched a decade-long struggle that ended 300 years of colonial rule, established an independent Mexico and helped cultivate a unique Mexican identity. Its anniversary is now celebrated as the country's birthday.

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mexican-war-of-independence-begins

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Mexican independence Day                        September 16, 1810

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Mexican independence Day                        September 16, 1810

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On September 16, 1810 marks the day that Mexico won its independence.  Catholic Priest Miguel Hidalgo was the one that led and called for independence from Spain in the “ Grito de Dolores”.Its important because after those 11 years at war Mexico finally got its freedom from Spain after being under colonial rule for over 300 years. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2021/09/15/everything-know-september-16-mexican-independence-day/8348264002/