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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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A 35mm format — just called 35mm — describes a common type of image sensor format that's used in film photography.

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A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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a darkened box with a convex lens or aperture for projecting the image of an external object onto a screen inside. It is important historically in the development of photography.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

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Curators collect, exhibit, research and maintain the photo collection at a museum. They are also responsible for the storage and presentation of photographical collections.

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A public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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A room or building for the display or sale of works of art

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A building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
abstract.

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look
as if they might feel if touched.

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are
defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the
lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway
between these extremes is called middle gray.

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a
sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free
flowing.

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
height and width.

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Balance is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.

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the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention. Usually the
artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas.

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Access Google Sites with a personal Google account or Google Workspace account (for business use).

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the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal
areas.

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The repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.

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works with pattern to make the work of art seem active.

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the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number)
relate well with each other.

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the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.

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when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to
create a feeling of organized movement.

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the feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art, which creates a sense of completeness.

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symmetry around a central axis

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The quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis

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Has unequal visual weight on either side.

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The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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Any color that is calm or soothing in nature.

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Any color that is vivid or bold in nature.

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muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting.

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Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black.

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Monochromatic colors are all the colors of a single hue.

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A color gradient specifies a range of position-dependent colors, usually used to fill a region.

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Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. Objective: (of a person or their judgement) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

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Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area.

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The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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Copyrights primarily protect the rights of people who create literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works (like history tests, and software code). Trademarks protect the use of a company's name and its product names, brand identity (like logos) and slogans.

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The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open.

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“Leading lines are a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image,”

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The photograph is divided into nine rectangles along two horizontal and vertical lines according to the golden ratio. This is commonly known as a phi grid. The image is then composed with important elements along the lines and at their intersections.

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Negative space is the space within, between, and around objects.

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Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings.

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Positioning the main light source for a photograph behind the primary subject.

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Diffused light is light that's filtered by something.

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light.

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ISO is your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor.

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light.

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The image sensor of the camera is responsible for converting the light and color spectrum into electrical signals for the camera to convert into zeroes and ones.

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Graininess refers to the amount of grain found in a photograph.

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Digital noise usually occurs when you take low light photos (such as night photos or indoor dark scenes)

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A space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

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In optics, the f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil.

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power.

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The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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The visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot.

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Program mode is marked by 'P' on your camera's mode dial and is one of the Creative Zone modes, though one with the least control over your exposure settings. In program mode the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture.

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As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed. In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want .

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Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a mode on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it

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Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like: It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in

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Bulb mode simply allows the photographer to take a picture for as long as the shutter is depressed

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Motion blur is a long exposure photography technique that lets you convey the feeling of movement or action in a still image.

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A tripod is a three-legged stand designed to support a camera. Cameras are mounted to a tripod, also referred to as “sticks,” for stability.

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much lower than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Light painting is a photographic technique where light is “painted” or “drawn” into the photograph using a hand held light source during a long exposure.

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Panning photography freezes objects in motion in a still frame. Explore ways to pan your camera, what shutter speed to use, and other ways to add action to your shots.

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down

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The spot meter allows your camera to measure a tiny area of the scene. The size of that area is between 1 and 5% of the viewfinder.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful.

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The centre-weighted mode is a halfway between matrix and partial metering. It measures the exposure of a pretty big metering spot in the viewfinder of the camera.

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By definition 18% gray is the “mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.” Think of it this way; it is simply halfway between black and white.

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Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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Shadows change shape, intensity, and even color along with the angle, direction, and temperature of light. Any photo that uses shadows as a prominent part of the composition — to enhance the contrast of a subject or as the subject itself

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Midtones consist of the middle 50% of the tonal range. The shadow and dark areas make up 25% of the tonal range, as do the lights and highlights on the other end of the tonal range.

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Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas. Dynamic range is the ratio between those vivid highlights and dark shadows, from bright white to pure black.

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A vignette is a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos. It can be an intentional effect to highlight certain aspects of the image or as a result of using the wrong settings, equipment or lens when taking a photo.

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Technically speaking, sepia toning is a chemical process that converts the metallic silver in the emulsion of a photographic print into a silver sulfide compound.

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An AF point is a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something. When looking through the viewfinder, these points are denoted by small squares clustered around the centre of the frame.

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Basically, when you bracket your shots you take exactly the same picture of your subject at several different exposures. This technique gives you a range of options to choose from when you're editing.

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The exposure meter indicates the level of light reaching the sensor. Too much light results in over exposure which gives you a photo that is too light and lacking detail. Too little light results in under exposure which gives you a photo that is too dark and again, lacking detail.

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Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure.

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Image result for white balance card
A white balance card (or gray card) helps you adjust the white balance and exposure settings of images by providing a reference point. The reference point prompts your camera to compensate for any white light on an image.

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An Image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF.

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A RAW file is lossless, meaning it captures uncompressed data from your camera sensor. Sometimes referred to as a digital negative, you can think of a RAW file as the raw “ingredients” of a photo that will need to be processed in order to bring out the picture's full potential.

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PNG is short for Portable Network Graphic, a type of raster image file. It's particularly popular file type with web designers because it can handle graphics with transparent or semi-transparent backgrounds.

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What is a JPEG file? A Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) file is a lossy raster file format that compresses an image to make the file smaller. JPEG files are some of the most popular and widely used image formats in the world.

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What is a PSD File? PSD (Photoshop Document) is an image file format native to Adobe's popular Photoshop Application. It's an image editing friendly format that supports multiple image layers and various imaging options. PSD files are commonly used for containing high quality graphics data.

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In photography and videography, multi-exposure HDR capture is a technique that creates extended or high dynamic range images by taking and combining multiple exposures of the same subject matter at different exposure levels.

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In photography and cinematography, a multiple exposure is the superimposition of two or more exposures to create a single image, and double exposure has a corresponding meaning in respect of two images.

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A triadic color scheme uses three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. For example, the three primary colors form a triadic color scheme: red, yellow, and blue. A triadic color scheme uses every fourth color, leaving three colors between each.

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The so-called 'blue hour' is the period of time just after the sunset, around dusk when the sky takes on inky, indigo hues and before it becomes impenetrably black.

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The last hour before sunset and the first hour after sunrise are coveted by professional photographers. Referred to as “the golden hour” or “magic hour,” these times provide the perfect light to capture stunning photos.