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Circa 206 BCE-220 CE: With the opening of the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, Buddhism gradually spread to Central Asia and affected China. Buddhism was introduced into Goguryeo from China in 372 AD and Baekje in 384 ad.

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Circa 206 BCE-220 CE: With the opening of the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, Buddhism gradually spread to Central Asia and affected China. Buddhism was introduced into Goguryeo from China in 372 AD and Baekje in 384 ad.

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It is made out of gold with jadeite ornaments. The height is around 44.5cm. This is the North Mound of Hwangnamdaechong Tomb in 6th Century CE. From the Silla Kingdom of the Three Kingdoms period. Now located in the National Museum of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

This is the royal authority decoration in the tomb, which is specially made for burial. This crown is cut from thin pieces of gold connected by gold wires. The crown is decorated with gold sequins and green and white emeralds. Inside the crown is a conical hat, woven from thin gold bars and decorated with appendages that suggest wings or feathers.

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Bodhisattva Seated in Meditation(Early 7th Century CE)

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Bodhisattva Seated in Meditation(Early 7th Century CE)

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This sculpture is made out of gilt bronze. The height is around 91 cm. This comes from the Silla kingdom from the three Kindoms period in the early 7th Century CE. It is now located in the National Museum of Korea, Seuol, Republic of Korea.

Buddhism was introduced into the kingdom of Goguryeo from China in 372 A.D. and Baekje in 384. It was not recognized as the official religion of Silla until 527. Buddhist art in early Korea imitated the example of China. By the late sixthcentury, Korean sculptors created a unique style. This style has a slender body, oval face, elegant drapery folds and trefoil crown.

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7th Century: Tang dynasty allied with Silla Kingdom and conquered Goguryeo 

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7th Century: Tang dynasty allied with Silla Kingdom and conquered Goguryeo 

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Seated Shakyamuni Buddha (8th Century CE)

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Seated Shakyamuni Buddha (8th Century CE)

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This sculpture is cut from granite. The height of the sculpture is around 3.42 meter. It is from the unified Silla period in 751 CE.

Seokguram is an artificial cave temple built under the auspices of the royal family. The temple consists of a small rectangular vestibule connected by a narrow vestibule to a circular main hall with a domed ceiling. The Buddha sits on the lotus seat, representing the historical Shakyamuni Buddha at his enlightenment moment, as shown by his touchdown gesture or ground handprint. His plump chest, tight shape, transparent curtains and anatomical details connect this image with Chinese sculpture in the 8th century.

From the textbook it says that "The Buddha’s hands are in the bhumisparsha mudra, the earth-touching gesture symbolizing his enlightenment." This gesture tells us that the fingertip of your right hand is facing down and touching the earth, and the palm of your hand is facing inward. The left hand is in meditation fingerprints. When the Buddha became enlightened, he touched the earth with this handprint in meditation. The earth was moved and witnessed the awakening. In Han Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism has always been the main form. In fact, Han Buddhism has become the main development and inheritor of Mahayana Buddhism, and has been carried forward to Japan, Korea, Singapore and other parts of the world.

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Maebyeong Bottle with Decoration of Bamboo and Blossoming Plum Tree(Late 12th–Early 13th Century CE)

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Maebyeong Bottle with Decoration of Bamboo and Blossoming Plum Tree(Late 12th–Early 13th Century CE)

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This plum bottle is made with light gray stoneware with decoration inlaid with black and white slips under celadon glaze. Created in late 12th–early 13th Century CE. The height is around 33.7 cm. From the Goryeo dynasty. It is now located in Tokyo National Museum, Tokyo, Japan.

The Goryeo Dynasty was a period of court refinement, famous for its celadon-glazed ceramics. Chinese ceramicists created celadon-glaze in the first century A.D. and started producing it continuously after that. The 12th century saw the addition of cutting, carving, and molding embellishments by potters, who either copied modern Chinese ceramics or experimented with novel decorative styles and methods. Black-and-white paper pieces or finely powdered clay are inlaid in the gravure lines of decorative components carved or stamped on the clay body to create an underglaze design that contrasts. This is known as inlay decoration.

A bamboo cluster is seen growing along the lake in this image. The branches of the plum tree, which is in full blossom, are entwined with the bamboo stems. The butterfly danced on the water as the geese swam in it, tying together several scenarios that were taking place around the bottle. The plum vase is a wide-shouldered vessel that serves as a tank for wine, vinegar, and other liquids.

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Seated Willow-Branch Gwanse’eum Bosal (Late 14th Century CE)

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Seated Willow-Branch Gwanse’eum Bosal (Late 14th Century CE)

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This painting is made with ink, solors, and gold pigment on silk. The height of this painting is around 159.6 cm. It is from the Goryeo dynasty in the late 14th Century CE. Now located in Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Buddhism is the official religion of Goryeo, and many of its temples can hire the best sculptors, painters, and architects. In this painting, Gwanse'eum Bosal or Guanyin is shown. The luxurious painting style was mirrored in the deep colors and golden pigments. These painting genres were widely exported to Japan and had an impact on Buddhist painting.

In the textbook, it stated that "Created...Gwanse’eum Bosal (whom the Chinese called Guanyin)"(363). In the history of painting, Zhou Fang of Tang Dynasty first created the Water moon. Korea's water moon GuanYin is sometimes called Zhou Fang water moon GuanYin. It is undeniable that there are many shadows from China Buddhism in the Goryeo era and they have become the cultural heritage of their exquisite artistic skills.