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HIGHLIGHTED

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-Startled from loud sounds
-Quiets or smiles when talking
-Seems to recognize voice, quiets if crying

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-Cooing Sounds
-Cries change for different needs
-Smiles at people

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- Learn that gestures and sounds communicate meaning
- Respond when spoken to
- Direct their attention to a person or object

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- Understand 50 words or more
- Reach for books and turn pages with her
- Respond to stories and pictures by vocalizing and patting pictures

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- Holds head up when on tummy
- Moves both arms and both legs
- Opens hand briefly

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- Calms down when spoke to or picked up
- Looks at your face
- Seems happy to see you when you walk up to them
- Smiles when you talk to or smile at her

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- Holds head steady without support when holding them
- Uses arms to swing at toys
- Brings hands to mouth
- Pushes up onto elbows/forearms from tummy

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- Watches you as you move
- Looks at a toy for several seconds
- If hungry, tens mouth when he sees breast of bottle
- Looks at hands with interest

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-Moves their eyes in directions of sounds
-Responds to changes in your tone of voice
-Pays attention to music

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-Coos and babbles when playing alone or with you
-Makes speech like babbles- pa, ba, ma, mi
-Giggles and laughs

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- Smiles on his own to get attention
- Looks at you, moves or makes sounds to get or keep your attention
- Knows familiar people
- Likes to look at self in mirror
- Laughs

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- Rolls from tummy to back
- Pushes up with straight arms when on tummy
- Leans on hands to support self when sitting

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- Reaches and puts things in mouth to explore
- Closes lips to show they don't want more food
- Looks for objects when dropped out of sight
- Bangs two things together

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-Turns and looks in the direction of sounds or calling their name
-Starts to respond to simple words and phrases
-Play games- peek-a-boo and pat-a-cake

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-Uses sounds and gestures to et and keep attention
-Points to objects and shows them to others
-Imitates different speech sounds
-Says 1 or 2 words- hi, dog, dada, mama, uh-oh

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- Gets to a sitting position by herself
- Moves things from one hand to another hand
- Uses fingers to "rake" good towards self
- Sits without support

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- Is shy, clingy, or fearful around strangers
- Show several facial expressions, happy sad, angry, or surprised
- Looks when calling their name
- Reacts when you leave, looks, reaches for you, or cries

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-Understand more than they can say
-Babbling becomes more tuneful and inventive
-Strings vowels and consonants together to make repetitive sounds

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- Pulls up to stand
- Walks, holding on to furniture
- Drinks from a cup without a lid, as you hold it
- Picks things up between thumb and pointer fingers, like small bits of food

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- Puts something in container, like block in cup
- Looks for things they see you hide, like toy under blanket

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- Plays games with you, like pat- a cake

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- Hold crayon in clenched fist
- Understand that crayons are used for making scribbles

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- Answers questions about and identify objects in books
- Name familiar pictures
- Use pointing to identify named objects
- Pretend to read books

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- Finish sentences in books they know well
- Scribble on paper
- Know names of books and identify them by cover picture
- Turns pages of board books
- Favorite book and request often

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- Takes a few steps on their own
- Uses fingers to feed herself some food
- Scribbles

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- Drinks from a cup without lid and may spill sometimes
- Tries to use spoon
- Walks without holding on to anyone or anything

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- Tries to use things the right way, like a phone, cup, or book
- Stacks at least two small objects like blocks
- Copies you doing chores, like seeing with a broom
- Plays with toys in a simple way, like pushing a toy car

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- Copies other children while playing
- Shows you an object they like
- Claps when excited
- Hugs stuffed doll or other toy

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- Shows affection
- Points to show you something interesting
- Puts hands out for you to wash them
- Helps you dress themselves by moving or lifting an arm or foot

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-Clearly learns new ones
-Use plurals "s"
-Makes errors- "drawed" "sheeps"
-Sentences become longer (usually telegraphic speech)
-Questions are asked often- "what?" "why?"

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- Kicks a ball
- Runs
- Walks (not climbs) up a few stairs with/without help
- Eats with spoon

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- Uses hand to twist thing, like doorknobs or lids
- Takes some clothes off themselves
- Jumps off ground with both feet
- Turn pages when reading to them

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- Holds something in one hand while using the other
- Tries to use switches, knobs, or buttons on a toy
- Plays with more than one toy at same time, toy food on plate
- Uses things to pretend, like feeding a block to a doll as if it were food

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- Shows simple problem solving skills, like standing on stool to reach something
- Follows two-step instructions, put toy down and close door
- Knows at least one color

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- Notices when others are hurt or upset, like pausing or looking sad when someone is crying
- Looks at your face to see how to react in new situation
- Plays next to other children and sometimes plays with them
- "Look at me"
- Follows simple routines when told, "clean up time"

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-Rhyme awareness emerges around 24-30 months

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-Speech is understood by strangers
-Sentences contain 4+ words
-Knows and understands nursery rhymes
-Talk to themselves during play
-Pronouns usually used correctly

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- Strings items together, like large beads or macaroni
- Puts on some clothes by themselves, loose pants or a jacket
- Uses a fork

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- Draws a circle, after showing them how
- Avoids touching hot objects, like a stove when warned

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- Calms down within 10 minutes after you leave them
- Notices other children and joins them to play

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- Explore books independently
- Listen to longer books that are read aloud
- Retell a familiar story
- Sing alphabet song with prompting and cues

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- Makes symbol that resemble writing
- Recognize first letter in name
- Learn that writing is different from drawing a picture
- Imitate the action of reading a book aloud

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-Ability to produce rhyme emerges around 30-36 months
-Identify words that rhyme: Finish rhyme, red-bed, cat-____

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- Draw wavy lines across the page that look like lines of text from a book
- Make distinct marks that look like letters and that are separated from each other
- Write some actual letters, especially the letters in their name

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- May write their name
- Try different kinds of writing, like writing a list or a card
- Start to draw pictures and label them using letters or letter-like marks

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-Extensive vocabulary
-Longer and more complex sentences
-Can use language to share, take turns, argue, collaborate, etc..
-Questioning is at its peak
-Speech is fully intelligible with few, minor incorrect uses

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- Catches a large ball most of the time
- Serves self food or pours water, with supervision
- Unbuttons some buttons
-Holds crayon or pencil between fingers and thumb, not fist

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- Names a few colors of items
- Tells what comes next in well-known story
- Draws a person with 3/+ body parts

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- Pretends to be something else during play, teacher, dog, superhero, etc..
- Asks to go play with children if none are around
- Comforts other who are hurt or sad, like hugging a crying friend

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- Avoids danger, like not jumping from tall heights at playground
- Likes to be a "helper"
- Changes behavior based on where she is (place of worship, library, playground)

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- Recognize familiar signs and labels
- Name some letters of alphabet
- Write names
- Understand that print is read from left to right, top to bottom
- Retell stories that have been read to them

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-Around 4, start clapping/ counting syllables in words: com-pu-ter
-Realization that words are made up of syllables

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-Recognizes/ produces words with the same beginning sound: Cat- Cup
-Blends words by onset/rime or given sounds, can blend them into a word: S+UN=SUN
-Around 5, counts sounds in words: d-o-g = 3 sounds

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-Still working on pronunciation
-Wide vocal and can use it appropriately
-Vocab can include shapes, colors, numbers, etc..
-Offers opinions in discussion

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- Buttons some buttons
- Stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer
- Hops on foot, may skip
- Can do somersault

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- Uses fork, spoon, and sometimes knife
- Toileting independently
- Swings and climbs
- Improved coordination, getting body to work together

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- Counts to 10
- Names some numbers between 1 and when when you point to them
- Uses words like yesterday, tomorrow, morning, etc.

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- Pays attention for 5-10 minutes during activities. Screen time doesn't count
- Writes some letters in their name
- Names some letters when you point to them

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- Follows rules or takes turns when playing games with other children
- Sings, dances, or acts for you
- Does simple chores at home, matching socks or clearing table

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- Want to please and be liked by friends, though they may be mean sometimes
- Show independence
- Follow rules sometimes
- Distinguish fantasy vs reality, but enjoying play make believe

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- Match some spoken and written words
- Recognize some familiar words in print
- Predict what will happen next in a story
- Read simples words in isolation
- Retell main idea, identify details

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-Able to recognize words that rhyme and determine the odd word out: cat- hat- BIG
-Identifies first and last sound in a word: DoG
-List words that start with the same sound: Pet, Pin, Poke

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-Blends 3-4 sounds to make a word: h-a-n-d = hand
-Segments sounds in words that have 3-4 sounds: hand= h-a-n-d

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- In kindergarten, label pictures with a few words and begin to write simple sentences with correct grammar

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- Hold pencil correctly and form letters accurately
- Know the sounds letters make and spell words based on how they sound
- Spell some common words that aren’t spelled the way they sound, sight words

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- Use different endings for the same word, like walks, walking, and walked
- May start using different types of writing, like narratives and opinion papers (“Why I liked this book”)

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-Understands 13,000 words
-Understands opposites
-Classifies according to form, color, and use
-Uses all pronouns correctly

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- Developing first molars
- Starting to lose baby teeth

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- Can tell you their age
- Can count to and under concept of 10
- Learning to express themselves well through words

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- Begin to understand cause and effect relations
- Learning to write
- Start to grasp concept of time

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- Typical fears, monsters, kidnappers, large animals
- Want parents to play with them, main source of companionship and affection
- Play in ways that include a lot of fantasy and imagination

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- Often like to be the "big kid" and take care of younger
- Typically like to play with friends of same gender
- Starts understanding the feeling go others with encouragement from others
- Developing sense of humour

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-Deletes syllables from words: cupcake= take away cup, cake is left
-Substitute syllables in words
-Delete sounds from words: Feet, take away f = eat
-Substitute sounds in words: Hat, change the h to c = Cat

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- Read familiar stories
- Use pictures and contact to figure out unfamiliar words
- Use some common punctuation and capitalization in writing

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- Self correct when they make a mistake reading aloud
- Show comprehension of a story through drawings
- Write by organizing details into a logical sequence with beginning, middle, and end

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- By the end of first or second grade, write a page or more about personal experiences and what they’re learning in school

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- Strong motor skills, but balance and endurance can vary
- Sense of body image begins to develop
- Can use scissors and small tools

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- Can tie their shoelaces
- May begin writing in print and cursive
- Develops a quicker reaction

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-Understands 20,000-26,000 words
-Understands time intervals and seasons of the year
-Is aware of mistakes in other peoples' speech

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- Have solid sense of time, sequins minutes, weeks, days, seasons, etc.c
- Begin to show preference for learning style
-Can solve simple math problems using objects
-Consider issues and problems using only one factor at a time

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- Become more aware and sensitive to the feelings of others: empathy
- Overcoming some fears
- Develop friendships
- Play in larger groups, but sometimes need alone time

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-Uses phonological awareness skills when spelling

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- Read longer books independently
- Read aloud with proper emphasis and expression
- Understand concept of paragraphs and begin to apply it in writing
- Correctly use punctuation

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- Correctly spell man words
- Understand humor in text
- Uses new words, phrases or figures of speech they've heard
- Revise their own writing to create and illustrate stories

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-Carry on meaningful conversations with adult speakers and follow fairly complex instructions with little or no repetition
-Able to read age appropriate texts with ease and begin to demonstrate competence with writing simple compositions
-Have acquired manners and know when to use them

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- Grow about 2.5 in and gain about 7 lb a year
- Lose about 4 baby teeth each year

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- Know how to count by 2's
- Know what day of the week it is
- Can read simple sentences
- Complete simple single digit addition and subtraction problems
- Tell the difference between right and left

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- Enjoys being around their friends
- Gain a sense of security from being involved in regular group activities
- Are more likely to follow rules they help create
- Rapidly changing emotions, outbursts are common
- Impatient
- Interested in money