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Hitler was appointed chancellor of the Nazi party in 1933. His party had gotten many electoral victories once he had become the führer. Once Hitler gained power, he got rid of the democracy in Germany to make it so that no one could tell him no and so that he could do what every he thought was right. So, Germany became a totalitarian nation. Hitler wanted all the Jews, Slavs, homosexuals, and Jehovah’s Witnesses to be eliminated so he prepared for war. Over the course of the war, he killed 11 million people he deemed not worthy to live. He was the führer till he committed suicide in April 1945.

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The Nazis tried to extend their ideology and political view to youth for the future. They called it the Hitler youth for boys and the League of German Girls. “In 1939, more then 82% of eligible youth (ages: 10- 18) belonged to the Hitler youth or it’s female equivalent, the League of German Girls.”. The boys were trained to have no feeling so they could kill without hesitation. The girls were trained for they future as wives and mothers. Near the end of the war the boys that were in their early teens were recruited as home defence.

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November 9/10, 1938 – Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass - KB

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November 9/10, 1938 – Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass - KB

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Kristallnacht is a German word that in English means Crystal Night. November 9 and 10 are called Kristallnacht because all the windows that were smashed. November 9 is when Kristallnacht started and the Nazi Party Officials and the SA along with the Hitler youth were the people that instigated the violence. During Kristallnacht the SA and Hitler youth went to synagogues, homes, and Jewish-owned businesses and threw bricks and rocks at the windows and painted Jude on the windows and walls with red paint. They did this to worn people that that building has or had Jews in them.

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Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass

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March 15/16, 1939 – Nazis take the Czechoslovakia (the Czech Republic and Slovakia) - KB

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March 15/16, 1939 – Nazis take the Czechoslovakia (the Czech Republic and Slovakia) - KB

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Hitler signed a pact with Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain on September 30, that was supposed to mean peace for all of them, but Hitler attacked them anyway. Hitler invading the Czechoslovakia showed that the pacts he made mean absolutely nothing. Because of the pact, Czechoslovakia had very few resources making them almost defenseless against the Nazis. In this battle about 15,000 people died.

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September 1st -3rd, 1939, Declaration of war/ the fake war - KB

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September 1st -3rd, 1939, Declaration of war/ the fake war - KB

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On September 1st, 1939, Germany invaded Poland, when this happened Great Britain and France declared war on Germany. This is when the war started, but when Great Britain and France declared war, they didn’t fight. Later, September 10th, 1939, Canada declared war on Germany too. The fighting had started at this point and Canada sent troops to Britain and some to Hong Kong. The Canadian armies were great allies with the British forces.

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The invasion of Poland by Germany and the USSR: Sept. 1, 1939 - AG

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The invasion of Poland by Germany and the USSR: Sept. 1, 1939 - AG

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The invasion of Poland began on Sept. 1, 1939, and it stopped at the date of October 6, 1939. The invasion of Poland was an invasion that involved the Nazis, the Slovak Republic also originally known as Slovakia, and the Soviet Union was the last nation that took part in this invasion. This invasion happened after Germany and the Soviet Union signed a pact a week before the invasion. A pact is basically where Germany and the Soviet Union agree to not attack each other but they are both allowed to attack different countries. Also, the invasion was a day after the Supreme Soviet Union approved this pact and was officially considered in effect. Now let us talk about what happened on the day of Sept. 1, 1939. The USSR got its part of land on the date of Sept. 17, 1939.

The German forces had surprised Poland with more than some 1300 airplanes, the Germans had also striked from many directions to the land of Poland. The German forces had wiped the floor with the Polish Forces. They had beaten them in terms of their strategies and the resources the German forces had on hand. The invasion ended with both the Soviet Union and Germany annexing Poland and splitting it among themselves. This invasion also led other nations such as the United Kingdom and France to declare war on Germany. Then other nations such as our beloved Canada declared war on Germany. This then spread even more, and this led to gruesome conflict across the globe. This event is known today as World War 2 also abbreviated as WW2.

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British Royal Air Force attacks the German Navy: Sept. 4, 1939 – AG 

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British Royal Air Force attacks the German Navy: Sept. 4, 1939 – AG 

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On Sept. 4, 1939, approximately one day after Britain had declared war on Germany. The British Royal Air Force also abbreviated as the RAF, conducted an attack on Germany. This event was a part of the early operation of The British Royal Air Force’s involvement in World War 2. This attack was orchestrated by the RAF Bomber command. They were mainly targeting the Kriegsman which was the Navy for the country of Germany from German ports. They did this so they could limit Germany’s destruction during the Battle of The Atlantic mainly so innocent civilians would not get harmed. The strategy The British Royal Air Force was doing this so they would go for the military forces and not against civilians. One thing to note was the first RAF raid of World War 2 that involved bombs as well that happened on this date.

They tried to attack units of the German forces with ten Bristol Blenheims from No. 110 and No. 107 squadrons. They tried these attacks at low altitudes, but it did not cause much damage and lost 7 planes. These attacks showed that the planes from the RAF bomber command that they had used were not effective for that moment in time. This would change later when technology was advancing due to the boom in production of supplies intended for use in WW2.

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Canada's Declaration of WW2 on Germany: Sept. 10, 1939 - AG

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Canada's Declaration of WW2 on Germany: Sept. 10, 1939 - AG

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On the year of 1939 and the month was September and the day was on the 10th day of the month. This date is also known as September 10, 1939. This date in history marks the start of Canada’s declaration of war against the Nazis due to their invasion of Poland. There was talk amongst the members that were in the House of Commons about the situation going on Europe and with the rise of Hitler’s totalitarian government. They had talked about it, and this led to Canada’s official declaration in the House of Commons. Parliament was summoned to this manner on September 7, 1939.

However, before that the United Kingdom and France declared war earlier than Canada more specifically on the date of September 3, 1939. Unlike WW1 Canada did not have to join Britain and France in this war legally. But Canada felt emotionally compelled to help Britain and France with this war against the Nazis. The statue of Westminster in 1931 was a huge factor to let Canada make its own decisions and had more autonomy. The Prime Minister of Canada at the time William Lyon Mackenzie King in 1937 thought Hitler as a good person, a man who would stand for peace. But, after King saw the many treaties, Hitler had violated, it looks like the policy of appeasement was foiled and thus the declaration of war from Canada was implemented.

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The killing of the sick and the disabled: Oct. 1939 – AG 

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The killing of the sick and the disabled: Oct. 1939 – AG 

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In October 1939, Hitler authorizes the killing of life that is considered unworthy according to his paradigm of what is found too unworthy. For him it was people who were sick and/or disabled. This was the instructions Hitler gave to the healthcare professionals to report any infants or children that are under the age of 3 years old who were showing signs of significant mental and/or physical disabilities. The health authorities were encouraging parents of children that had disabilities. They wanted them to admit their children to one of the specially designed pediatric clinics throughout the countries of Germany and Austria. However, these centers being named pediatric clinics was a disguise for Hitler’s true plan. He basically used these centers to just murder children essentially. The main methods they had used to murder these children was lethal amounts of medication or cause the children to endure starvation.

Estimates on the conservative side said that around 10,000 sick and disabled children had died in 1939 because of Hitler’s plan. What this essentially did is protect the healthcare professionals from prosecution for their actions. Then they started giving questionnaires to the healthcare professionals. They were mainly used to categorize the victims, most of them by the conditions of their health. They also checked if you had German blood or not. There was one on that questionnaire that said the criminally insane were also categorized. The death certificates of many of these victims were usually falsified by healthcare professionals. They also concealed their presence in a diligent manner. However, the public were able to see through the cracks. They protested privately and publicly because of the actions of the healthcare professionals. Many people regard this as a rehearsal for the mass killings of Jewish people that happens later in World War 2.

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Battle of the Atlantic: Oct. 10, 1939 - AG

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Battle of the Atlantic: Oct. 10, 1939 - AG

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There was also another significant event that had occurred on October 10, 1939, and that event was the battle of the Atlantic. This is a crucial part for the Allies to achieve victory. The Navy was a huge force in the Battle of the Atlantic. It wasn’t always smooth sailing for them when German U-boats would target the Allied Convoys carrying essential supplies. The Allied Convoys consisted of the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Norway, Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand. However, the cost of victory for the Battle of The Atlantic was great, over 70,000 people were lost. There is one notable event from the Battle of The Atlantic, this event happened hours after Britain had declared war on Germany. It was where the German Submarine U-30 had torpedoed a passenger ship called the SS Athenia and it was on route to Montréal and 112 lives were lost including 4 from Canada.

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1939, Nazis’ pacts with Italy, the Soviet Union, and Russia - KB

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1939, Nazis’ pacts with Italy, the Soviet Union, and Russia - KB

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The Nazis had many pacts. Some of the places that had pacts with the Nazis are Italy, the Soviet Union and Russia. The pact with the Soviet Union was signed on August 23, 1939. The pact with Italy was called the Pact of Steel. The Pact of Steel was signed on May 22, 1939. The pact with Russia was called the Molotov- Ribbentrop Pact and was signed on August 23, 1939. The pact with the Soviet Union and the Molotov- Ribbentrop Pact are the same pact that the Soviet Union and Russia both signed secretly that promised that they would work together to defeat the other countries around them.

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Nazis’ pacts with Italy, the Soviet Union, and Russia

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November 8, 1939 – assassination attempt on Hitler - KB

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November 8, 1939 – assassination attempt on Hitler - KB

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On November 8, 1939, Hitler had finished a speech for the 16th anniversary of Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch a bomb was set off. 12 minutes after Hitler had finished his speech and had left the building with the important Nazis leaders that had accompanied him a bomb exploded. The bomb had been put in a pillar right behind the speaker’s platform. Hitler was not harmed but 63 people were wounded and 7 died. The next day, the Nazi party’s newspaper put the blame on the British trying to stir up drama to make the Germans not like the British.

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The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations: Dec. 14, 1939 – AG 

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The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations: Dec. 14, 1939 – AG 

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On December 14, 1939, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations. The League of Nations was intended to bring collective security and peace for the world. The League of Nations had expelled the Soviet Union due to their invasion of Finland on November 30, 1939. The expulsion was a significant event due to bringing light to the League of Nations not being able to create peace around the world. They also did not prevent aggression especially from the Soviet Union invading Finland on November 30, 1939. A lot of other countries have remarked on the response of the League of Nations. Considering the other atrocities the Soviet Union had committed before they invaded Finland.

They thought it was lackluster and too little, too late. The Soviet Union had made mutual assistance pacts with Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. This was some of the aggression the Soviet Union had also taken part in before the Invasion of Finland on November 30, 1939. This was often used to exemplify the failure of the League of Nations and how it did not achieve its goal of collective security and peace. It was also succeeded by the United Nations which we still have today, and this change happened on October 24, 1945.

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Bletchley Park was an estate that was bought by Admiral Sir Hugh Sinclair in 1938. Admiral Sinclair was the head of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) and he bought the property with the intention of having it used for the decoding of enemy transmissions (most notably the German Enigma) during the war. Bletchley Park was one of Britain’s most well-kept secrets during the war, and the efforts of the people stationed there are one of the main reasons for the success of the Allies in WW2. One of the most unique aspects of Bletchley Park is that most of the employees stationed there were women, and at that point in time, the idea of women working and helping the war effort was still almost unheard of. Bletchley Park, and the work that was done there extended throughout the entirety of the war, from 1938-1945, with the determination and stamina of the workers making the institution a success.

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January 8, 1940 - Rationing begins in Britain S.V

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January 8, 1940 - Rationing begins in Britain S.V

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Because of the Depression or quote on quote the Dirty Thirties food was not something people could afford, and the government decided to introduce Rationing what a kind man. It was a scheme to show fair shares for everyone and the ministry of food was responsible for overseeing this. In the photo above it shows men and women and Family’s lining up to take their share of rations.

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May 10, 1940: Nazis invade Western Europe and Winston Churchill becomes British Prime Minister. -AB

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May 10, 1940: Nazis invade Western Europe and Winston Churchill becomes British Prime Minister. -AB

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On this date, the world watched in horror as the German army invaded France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands in quick succession. Within six weeks, due to the quick and ruthless action of the Nazi’s, the majority of Western Europe was under Hitler’s control. On the same day that Hitler made his move into the west, a great man was raised to power. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain on May 10 of 1940. He would go on to change the tide of the war and become a lasting symbol of victory.

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May 26, 1940: the Miracle of Dunkirk -AB

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May 26, 1940: the Miracle of Dunkirk -AB

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The Miracle of Dunkirk (also known as operation Dynamo) will go down in history as one of the greatest examples of human ingenuity and bravery in the face of disaster. The German forces had surrounded the allied troops who were in Dunkirk, leaving them no choice to either face enemy fire or jump into the English Channel. A plea went out for boats, no matter the size, to make the journey across the channel and evacuate the soldiers; a giant pier, known as the Harbor Mole, was built in order to have space for all the boats and ships to dock. Within days, over 300,000 soldiers were saved through the efforts of over 800 naval vessels. Although there were casualties, this miracle at Dunkirk rejuvenated the Allied spirit and confirmed for the troops that the world cared about them.

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On June 3rd Germans did an endless bombardment on Paris Killing and amount of 48 people and injuring many the count of injuries wasn’t said but this was indeed a sad moment and almost missed the United States Ambassador William C. Bullitt. A hundred and fifty-five planes took part in this bombardment and Damaged France greatly in the war. And Hitler took a lil tour in Paris and took a lil photo saying “hey look I conquered the French”.

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June 21, 1940: Conscription act passed in Canada. -AB

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June 21, 1940: Conscription act passed in Canada. -AB

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It was on this day that the House of Commons passed the Conscription act (also known as the National Resources Mobilization Act). This act was put in place in response to Hitler’s lightning-fast strikes against France and Belgium. At the beginning of the war, King had promised there would be no conscription for overseas fighting, therefore he enabled this act to be passed since the parameters of this act stated that all able-bodied men were required to sign up for home defense. In 1942 this act was amended, allowing the government to conscript men for overseas service.

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- June 22, 1940 - France signs an armistice with Nazi Germany. S.V

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- June 22, 1940 - France signs an armistice with Nazi Germany. S.V

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On June 22, my birthday France signed an Armistice with Nazi Germany an agreement imposed by Germany and once France signed it that meant France pulled out the white flag surrendering to the German Empire, so France was no longer in the war after the Bombardment of France, and they thought about the rest of their country. So unfortunately, France was out of the picture and Hitler did a lil tour through France and has a picture with the Eiffel tower.

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The Battle of Britain started on July 10 and extended until October 3. It was fought almost entirely in the air between the Allied pilots of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the German fleet called the Luftwaffe. The whole world knew that if Hitler took Britain, the launch pad for Canadian and American troops to the rest of Europe would be inaccessible. The stakes had never been higher, and no one knew this better than the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill.  Throughout the entirety of this airborne military campaign, Churchills motto of “never surrender” stood as a beacon of hope for all, for even as planes were locked in combat far above, bombs were dropping with intense regularity on the London landscape (the Blitz). The Battle of Britain was the first battle of WW2 that the German’s lost, and it stood as a major deciding factor of Hitler’s eventual defeat.

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August 17, 1940: Ogdensburg Agreement -AB

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August 17, 1940: Ogdensburg Agreement -AB

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On this day, Canada and America joined together through an historic treaty called the Ogdensburg agreement. Canada and the U.S. were now about a year into the war, and it was decided, through mutual agreement of both governments, that a treaty between the two countries would be beneficial. The treaty stated that the two countries would come to each other’s aid in the defence of their respective homelands when the need arose. This agreement marked an important milestone in Canadian U.S. relations, especially since Canada was still establishing their independence.

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-August 17, 1940 - Hitler declares a blockade of the British Isles.  S.V

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-August 17, 1940 - Hitler declares a blockade of the British Isles.  S.V

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Hitler declared this to stop food, supplies, war arms, and many other things leaving Britain Defenseless and hungry and any shipments that tried getting in was either blown up or shot down either way Britain could not fight back but they did not surrender. The Britain's were starving and had no way to defend themselves it seemed hopeless but unlike Germany Britain has many friends and with a little help they were able to counter Hitler’s blockade and were back and thriving.

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-August 23/24 - First German air raids on Central London. S.V

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-August 23/24 - First German air raids on Central London. S.V

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The Bombardments on London also known as The Blitz was just a bombing campaign on Britain and on London mainly thinking it would be the same outcome as France but Nah Britain did its own thing About 20000 bombs were dropped on London leaving thousands dead and many homeless sadly. Although this happened Britain still stayed strong it was Either Pride or stupidity in my opinion just Nuke Germany since I think they were a thing back then.

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-September 3, 1940 - Hitler plans Operation Sea Lion (the invasion of Britain) S.V

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-September 3, 1940 - Hitler plans Operation Sea Lion (the invasion of Britain) S.V

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It was serious planning work for Operation Sea Lion aka Seelowe and Hitler wanted to invade Britain before they could recover from the battle of France it was supposed to be completed by August 10th, but it did not because it never happened. No one knows what stopped Operation Seal Lion from happening even if I look on Wikipedia I cannot find it. Although the plan would have worked attacking the British before they could recover, I cannot understand why it stopped.

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-September 13, 1940 - Italians invade Egypt. S.V

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-September 13, 1940 - Italians invade Egypt. S.V

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On June 11th the Italian fascist dictator Benito Mussolini declared war on Egypt and on France and Britain in Looks to extend their empires land and on the 13th, they invaded Egypt and after a day it led to their victory. After their victory and Conquering Egypt, the British started attacking them which led to their surrender which i am disappointed in why surrender? Fight back harder than you did before either that or their fear of Britain.

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October 12, 1940: Germans postpone Operation Sea Lion until Spring of 1941. -AB 

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October 12, 1940: Germans postpone Operation Sea Lion until Spring of 1941. -AB 

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Operation Seelöwe (Sealion), was the code name for Hitler’s campaign against Britain. This campaign was scheduled to take place in September of 1940; however, the German army was no match for strong English courage and Churchills resolve. The strength of the Luftwaffe was waning rapidly as it pitted it’s forces against the RAF, and Hitler eventually had to admit defeat as he realized that Britain was not giving up. Operation Sealion was never officially cancelled, but after the Battle of Britain, the shores of the U.K. were never threatened by that campaign again.

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Jeannette Guyot was a French Resistance agent who had a significant role in intelligence and escape operations against the German occupation. Guyot began her resistance activities in 1940 by helping Allied airmen and prisoners of war escape from occupied France. In 1941, she joined the Burgundy Network, an escape line that relocated downed Allied airmen to safety. After being arrested and released by the Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei, “Secret State Police”), she continued her resistance work in the Pat O’Leary Line. In 1943, Guyot was recruited by the Special Operations Executive (SOE) and received training in England. She returned to France as a member of the “Sussex” team, which was responsible for gathering intelligence in preparation for the D-Day invasion. Her efforts contributed significantly to the Allied war effort, and she was highly honoured for her bravery, receiving the Croix de Guerre, the Medal of Freedom, and the Legion of Honour.

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March 5th 1941 : The Battle of the Atlantic - ON

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March 5th 1941 : The Battle of the Atlantic - ON

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The longest continuous military campaign of World War II, the Battle of the Atlantic lasted from 1939-1945. In this struggle for control over the North Atlantic, Canada possessed a pivotal role. German submarines savagely hunted convoys conveying essential supplies to Europe. The cost of victory was high: more than 70 thousand Allied sailors, merchant mariners and airman, including approximately four thousand four hundred Canadians and Newfoundlanders died in it. The battle started with SS Athenia sinking off Ireland’s coast and brought Canada’s navy, merchant marine and air force into action. This is how it all began when SS Athenia was destroyed near the Irish coast and made Canadian Navy, Merchant Marine, and Air Force get actively involved in this conflict. Despite facing challenges, Canada’s ship building efforts which included construction of corvettes were instrumental in securing shipping routes for convoys across dangerous waters.

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March 7th, 1941, : British force arrive in Greece | JF

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March 7th, 1941, : British force arrive in Greece | JF

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During World War II, British forces arrived in Greece on March 7th, 1941, as part of a military expedition from North Africa. This decision was in response to the failed Italian invasion in Greece and the growing danger of German participation. Prime Minister Winston Churchill moved soldiers from Egypt, sending 58,000 British and Australian forces to control their defensive positions in Greece. This political choice was inspired by the desire to defend Greece against the Axis powers and possibly create an airstrip within striking distance of Romanian oil fields, which were crucial for the Nazi war machines.

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April 6th, 1941, : Nazis invade Greece and Yugoslavia | JF

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April 6th, 1941, : Nazis invade Greece and Yugoslavia | JF

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A significant event unfolded during World War II: on April 6th, 1941, the Axis powers, led by Nazi Germany, began an invasion of Greece and Yugoslavia. This day marked the start of Operation Punishment, which included the bombing of Belgrade and the advance of German forces into Greece. The attack on Yugoslavia, also known as the April war or Operation 25, was extremely devastating, killing about 17,000 civilians, the highest number of civilian casualties in a single day since the war started. German forces, and their fellow Hungarian and Bulgarian allies, soon took over Yugoslavia’s defenses capturing and dividing the country. The invasion was a fast and ruthless act of terror, with all of Yugoslavia's airfields targeted and nearly all 600 of their aircraft destroyed as German troops advanced into Greece. With the objective of helping their Italian allies, whose previous invasion had failed, the "Battle of Greece" stared, then ended on April 30th with the surrender of Kalamata located in the Greek peninsula.

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May 10/11th, 1941, : Heavy German bombing of London; British bomb Hamburg. | JF

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May 10/11th, 1941, : Heavy German bombing of London; British bomb Hamburg. | JF

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On the night of May 10-11th, 1941, during World War II, the German Aircrafts unleashed one of its most heavy attacks on London. This attack was part of the larger campaign known as The Blitz, which targeted several cities across the UK. The attack on this particular night was widespread, causing devastating destruction throughout London, including the famous House of Commons. That night, 505 German bombers flew to London, dropping their payloads over the city, resulting in a nearly seven-hour raid. At the same time, the British Royal Air Force launched bombing operations on German towns, particularly Hamburg, in an attempt to weaken Germany's factories and break their confidence.

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June 22, 1941: operation Barbarossa - KE 

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June 22, 1941: operation Barbarossa - KE 

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In 1939 Hitler and Stalin had made the German-soviet nonaggression pact but as time went on Hitler became suspicious of Stalin’s intentions so left is original plan of taking western Europe first and dealing with the USSR later and made operation Barbarossa. Operation Barbarossa was the invasion of Russia starting on June 22nd, 1941. This operation was ultimately a failure, the Germans had killed half a million Russians and had large land gains, but they did not take out the soviets as planned. They failed because of stretched supply lines, soviet resistance and because an estimated 100,000 Germans froze to death.

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July 14, 1941: Stalin scorched earth policy - KE 

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July 14, 1941: Stalin scorched earth policy - KE 

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Joseph Stalin was the leader of USSR at the time of the second world war, Stalin was powerful and ferocious dictator. On July 14th, 1941, he issued the scorched earth policy after the Germans started “operation Barbarossa” a surprise attack on Russia breaking their peace treaty in hopes of destroying the Russian army and the communist threat, the scorched earth policy is “a military strategy of burning or destroying crops or other resources that might be of use to an invading force”, it has been used many times through history including the American civil war and the gulf war. This was also used by the Russians when retreating to limit the gain of resources for the axis as they were pushed back.

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August 14th, 1941, : Roosevelt and Churchill announce the Atlantic Charter | JF

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August 14th, 1941, : Roosevelt and Churchill announce the Atlantic Charter | JF

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On August 14th, 1941, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill established the Atlantic Charter. This document presented both the U.S. and the UK's views for the world after WWII. The charter established several principles, including no territorial growth, people have the right to self-determination, reduction of trade restrictions, there will be global cooperation to ensure better economic and social conditions for all, freedom of the seas and the end of the use of force. The Atlantic Charter was special because it laid the framework for the present United Nations and influenced various other international treaties and events following the war.

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September 1st, 1941, : Nazis ordered Jews to wear yellow stars | JF

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September 1st, 1941, : Nazis ordered Jews to wear yellow stars | JF

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On September 1st, 1941, the Nazi regime commanded that all Jews in Germany above the age of six are required to wear yellow stars. This was one of the many racist laws and actions put in place against Jews, which unfortunately ended in the mass murder of jews, known as the Holocaust. The yellow star, printed with the word "Jude", which is German for "Jew", came to symbolize the systematic brutality towards Jews during Nazi power. These stars were purposely put in place to shame Jewish people, making them stand out in a negative way.

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September 19, 1941: Battle of Kiev and the disaster of Babyn yar - KE

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September 19, 1941: Battle of Kiev and the disaster of Babyn yar - KE

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- On September 19th, 1941, Kiev is the capital of Ukraine located in the northern parts of Ukraine. The nazis had encircled the Russian held city and battled for 3 days, the nazis came out victorious and gained control of the Ukraine capital, the point of the battle for the Germans was to gain control of the city and eventually eliminate the soviet forces with operation Barbarossa. Only a few days after this battle the Nazis massacred the Jewish citizens of Kiev at a ravine outside of the city called Babyn yar. The Germans killed over 30,000 jews at Kiev, they also killed Ukrainian citizens and soviet POWs, this mass killing continued until the Russian forces took the city back in 1943.

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November 26, 1941, Japanese military preparations- ON

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November 26, 1941, Japanese military preparations- ON

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On November 26, 1941, a fleet of Japanese warships sailed to the north of Hawaii and launched an unexpected air raid on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor. An attack wave by airplanes started at 7:55 A.M. local time which led to US participation in World War II. To prevent the United States from opposing its projected military ventures in South East Asia, Japan decided to launch this attack on Pearl Harbor.

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December 4th, 1941, THE RAINBOW FIVE- ON

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December 4th, 1941, THE RAINBOW FIVE- ON

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Rainbow Five, the highest-secret war plan that was published by the Chicago Tribune on December 4th, 1941, contained preparations for war with Japan as outlined in the Joint Board of Army and Navy. These plans were created by the Joint Board of Army and Navy. It was expected that a force of roughly ten million men would be ready to go into action in Europe, including about five million who would be sent there to fight Germans. The leakage of this plan just few days before Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor increased tension between U.S.A and Japan thus leading to an official declaration of war against Japan by America on December 8, 1941.

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Pearl Harbor attack-December 7th, 1941, America had stationed the U.S pacific fleet at pearl harbor in April of 1940, the fleet was made up of over 200 various types of boats in addition to over 100 hundred ships already stationed at pearl harbor. On December 7th, 1941, at 7:55 AM local time the first Japanese bomber appeared over pearl harbor, it was the first of hundreds of aircraft to attack. Due to Walter Shorts anti-sabotage measures the US aircraft were tightly packed together and were easily destroyed by the Japanese assault. The Japanese attack lasted nearly 90 minutes, over 2000 American soldiers were killed, and 100 injured. just over 100 Japanese were killed. The Japanese attacks aim was to stop Americas fleet from being able to interfere in their planned campaigns in Asia. This attack led to a rise in racism towards Japanese “aliens” in America and Canada. This also forced America to join the allied war effort.

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December 1941: America joins the war - KE

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December 1941: America joins the war - KE

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December 8th, 1941, At the start of the second world war America was only supplying other countries with arms and ammunitions and not fighting because of the Neutrality Act in 1935 and their isolationism from after the great war. On December 7th of 1941 the Japanese air force attacked Pearl harbor killing thousands and destroying crucial parts of the US navy, this was Americas boiling point, the very next day America joined the war. America had a large role in the second world war with over 16 million soldiers and being a large producer of munitions and a huge aid in many operations, and in 1945 dropping the worlds first nuclear bombs and forcing Japan out of the war.

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December 1941: Racism towards Japanese in Canada - KE

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December 1941: Racism towards Japanese in Canada - KE

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December 1941, when news of the attacks on pearl harbor and Hong Kong reached Canada the fear of a Japanese invasion rose. Because of the rising fear the RCMP under the war measures act arrested any suspected Japanese spy’s and impounded 1200 Japanese owned fishing boats. Japanese news papers, schools and business were shut down to lower racist backlash, later on February 24th of 1942 the Canadian government ordered to detain “any and all persons from any protective area”, specifically used for Japanese internment. The Japanese internment camps had no electricity or running water, later in the war the government liquidated confiscated Japanese property to pay the costs of the internment camps. In the 1980s Pierre Trudeau formally apologize for the Japanese internment.

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December 8 - 25th, 1941, : Canadians in Hong Kong | JF

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December 8 - 25th, 1941, : Canadians in Hong Kong | JF

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In World War II, Canada fought its first ground fight in Hong Kong. From December 8th to December 25th, 1941, about 2,000 soldiers from Winnipeg and Quebec City were sent to Hong Kong with the intention of doing guard duty but were met with an unexpected battle against a powerful Japanese force. The combat killed 290 Canadian soldiers, over 1,700 Canadian soldiers became POWs, and 264 Canadians died over the next four years. The battle of Hong Kong started the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor, marking one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II.

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December 8th 1941, THE DAY AFTER PEARL HARBOR-ON

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December 8th 1941, THE DAY AFTER PEARL HARBOR-ON

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After the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave a powerful address to the nation calling it a “date which will live in infamy.” He implored Congress to declare war against Japan immediately. Congress responded quickly by granting Roosevelt’s wish and thus officially involved America in World War II. The unexpected assault was a huge setback for the United States, leading to heavy casualties, destruction of military installations and an alteration of world history permanently.

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December 8th 1941, THE DAY AFTER PEARL HARBOR

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December 8-10th , 1941  Battle of Guam -ON

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December 8-10th , 1941  Battle of Guam -ON

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The First Battle of Guam happened during the Pacific War of World War II, precisely from 8th to 10th December, 1941. It occurred on Guam Island among the Mariana Islands and involved Japan and United States. Approximately four hundred Japanese soldiers came ashore at Dungcas Beach north of Agana and quickly overpowered the American Insular Force Guard. Therefore, it was occupied by Japan until 1944’s The Second Battle of Guam. The rugged interior, tropical forests, and coastal cliffs on the island were significant arenas for this conflict¹. Thirteen American civilians and five Prisoners of War died during this fighting by Japanese forces.

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December 8th 1941- The Battle of the Wake Island -ON

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December 8th 1941- The Battle of the Wake Island -ON

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The Battle of Wake Island unfolded during the WW2 Pacific campaign. Similarly, it started during the Pearl Harbor attack on December 8, 1941 (which was actually December 7, Hawaii time), ending by December 23. Almost every day, Wake Island and its nearby islets (Peale and Wilkes Islands) were bombed heavily from air. There were two bids made for an amphibious assault on the island: one on December 11 repulsed while another which had been launched on December 23 led to Japanese occupation of the atoll. The U.S forces lost control too including twelve fighter planes and they were all taken as prisoners of war with their garrison termed in that light. In addition to this, there was also a capture of nearly 1,200 civilian laborers by Japan.

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December 9th, 1941 - The Battle of Philippines -ON

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December 9th, 1941 - The Battle of Philippines -ON

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The Philippines campaign, also called the Battle of the Philippines, took place when the Empire of Japan invaded the American territory. The United States and Philippine armies that constituted defensive forces confronted grim prospects. They resisted with courage at Luzon despite their small number. The Japanese occupied most parts of it within a span of just one month but due to strategic decisions and resilience by defenders they managed to hold their ground for four months more. This made sure they could not use Manila Bay as a harbor until May 1942 thus affecting their military operations in other places.

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January 1, 1942: Declaration by United Nations – CL

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January 1, 1942: Declaration by United Nations – CL

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The Declaration by United Nations, signed on January 1, 1942, was a key document that formalized the alliance of twenty-six nations in their commitment to defeating the Axis powers. Drafted by the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, it was signed in Washington, D.C. by the representatives of the Big Four; the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and China. Following the initial signing, twenty-two additional governments signed the document the day after. The signatories agreed to uphold the principles outlined in the document, including to utilize all their resources to defeat the Axis powers and pledge not to engage in separate peace agreements or armistices with the enemy. The Declaration led to the establishment of the United Nations, the successor of the League of Nations, in the aftermath of the war in 1945.

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January 12-August 31, 1942: Operation Drumbeat - CL

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January 12-August 31, 1942: Operation Drumbeat - CL

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Operation Drumbeat, or “Paukenschlag”, was a German U-boat operation launched on January 14, 1942 against Allied shipping along the eastern coast of the United States. Exploiting the lack of defences on the coast, German submarines targeted merchant ships, causing significant losses and disruption to Allied supply lines. The operation was initially successful, with U-boats sinking many ships, thanks to the lack of effective coastal convoys and insufficient anti-submarine measures by the United States. However, as the U.S. strengthened its coastal defences though the implementation of convoy systems and anti-submarine combat tactics, the threat of the U-boats decreased.

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January 14, 1942: Internment of Japanese Canadians – CL

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January 14, 1942: Internment of Japanese Canadians – CL

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After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in December 1941, all Japanese Canadians in Canada were classified as “enemy aliens” under the War Measures Act. On January 14, 1942, the federal government issued an order for the removal of male Japanese nationals ages 18 to 45 from the coast of British Columbia. Japanese nationals taken away from the coast were moved to road camps near Jasper, Alberta. On February 24, the federal government enacted order-in-council PC 1486, which allowed the internment and deportation of “all persons of Japanese origin” in Canada. In addition, the Canadian government imposed harsh restrictions on Japanese Canadians, prohibiting fishing activities, banning the use of shortwave radios, and limiting sales of gasoline and dynamite. In whole, the Canadian government unjustly interned and deported approximately 22,000 Japanese Canadians during the war.

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January 20th, 1942: The Wannsee Conference - EN

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January 20th, 1942: The Wannsee Conference - EN

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In the Berlin suburb of Wannsee, a conference was held. Members of the SS and 15 Nazi Bureaucrats went to figure out a “Final Solution” in which they were to get rid of the 11 million Jews. “Europe would be combed of Jews from East to West,” said Heydrich. They said the number of Jews were going to be decreased by “natural diminution” then the rest would be “treated accordingly.”

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After the Wannsee Conference, 5 more extermination camps were built. When Jews arrived at these camps, they were separated into women and children, and then men. The strongest were put aside for slave labor, and the rest were murdered by gas. From 1942-1944, for each concentration camp, there were subcamps were placed in or near factories and sites for extracting raw materials.

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May 4-8, 1942 - Battle of the Coral Sea - EN

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May 4-8, 1942 - Battle of the Coral Sea - EN

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The Battle of the Coral Sea was between Japan, the U. S. and Australia. It was a naval and air battle that took place near the Bismarck Islands and New Guinea. U. S. and Australia had to stop Japan from invading Port Moresby in New Guinea and from taking control over the Coral Sea. Japan was going to build air bases in Port Moresby. U. S. and Australia were successful, and Australia was released from the threat of invasion.

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June 4-7, 1942: The Battle of Midway - EN

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June 4-7, 1942: The Battle of Midway - EN

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On July 5th, 1859, the Islands of Midway were claimed for the United States by Capt. N. C. Brooks. In 1903 Pres. Theodore Roosevelt put Midway under the administration of the U. S. Navy Department. In 1940, the U. S. Navy started working on a major submarine and air base. Midway’s atoll was a connection point for the submarine cable being laid from Hawaii and the Philippines. Japan noticed how important Midway’s atoll was and they wanted to take control. Doing this would affect plans for the atoll, American military presence in Hawaii would be threatened, and supply chains would be impacted. The battle started and June 4th and lasted until the 7th. It was between the U. S. Navy and Japan with U. S. taking the victory.

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July 1-27th, 1942: The First Battle of El Alamein - EN

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July 1-27th, 1942: The First Battle of El Alamein - EN

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The First Battle of El Alamein was fought between the Allied forces and the Axis powers (Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy). This battle took place in coastal central Egypt, and it was an important battle in the Western Desert Campaign. Field Marshal Erwin Rommel of Germany almost had the victory but with American reinforcements, the Allies were able to stop the Axis.

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August 1942- February 1943: Battle of Stalingrad - EN

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August 1942- February 1943: Battle of Stalingrad - EN

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The Battle of Stalingrad was between German and Russian forces that lasted for months. 2 million troops fought and almost 2 million people died or was injured. This included many Russian civilians. The city of Stalingrad served as an industrial center in Russia that produced artillery for the country. Germany targeted that place because of that and for propaganda purposes. Hitler said that if they were to take Stalingrad, the men would be killed, and the women would be deported. This showed that there was going to be a hard battle ahead. The Germans had full control of the skies over Stalingrad, and Russia was getting desperate. Even with a small number of troops, Russia was able to trap the Germans which made them slowly starve. German soldiers were captured and put into prison camps where many died. Russia was victorious.

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The Dieppe Raid, also known as Operation Jubilee, was an Allied attack on the German-occupied port of Dieppe in France. The primary objectives of the Dieppe Raid were to capture and temporarily hold Dieppe, gather intelligence on German defences, and destroy coastal enemy artillery. Out of the 6100 troops deployed, nearly 5000 were Canadian, with approximately 1000 British Commandos, and 50 American rangers, supported by eight Allied navy forces and 74 Allied air squadrons. The raid took place on the morning of August 19, 1942. As the forces approached the coast of France, they unexpectedly encountered a small German convoy. The element of surprise had been lost. The naval and air support failed to eliminate enemy defences, while the challenging terrain and fortified beaches hindered the troops’ advance. Failures in communication led to disorganization, and the strong German defences inflicted heavy casualties, forcing the Allied forces to withdraw. Of the troops that landed, over 3600 were killed, wounded, or captured. Despite its failure, the Dieppe Raid provided valuable lessons for the Allies that contributed to the planning and ultimate success of the later D-Day invasion on June 6, 1944.

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September 9, 1942: Wartime Information Board – CL

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September 9, 1942: Wartime Information Board – CL

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Founded on September 9, 1942, the Wartime Information Board (WIB) was a government agency established by the Canadian government to share information about the war effort to the public, aiming to increase public morale and provide accurate information to counter enemy propaganda. The WIB used various forms of media, such as radio broadcasts, newspapers, and posters to inform Canadians about the war’s progress, government policies, and opportunities for contribute to the war effort through programs like war bonds. By keeping Canadians informed of the latest developments and rallying their support, the WIB played a key role in sustaining the nation’s commitment to the war effort.

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December 31, 1942: Battle of the Barents Sea – CL

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December 31, 1942: Battle of the Barents Sea – CL

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Fought on December 31, 1942, the Battle of the Barents Sea was a naval engagement between the British Royal Navy and the German Kriegsmarine. The battle took place in the Barents Sea, off the coast of Norway, as the British escorted convoy JW 51B, carrying war materials to the Soviet Union. A German force based in northern Norway attempted to intercept and destroy the convoy. However, the British escort effectively defended the convoy. Despite being outgunned, the British managed to repel the German attack, resulting in the loss of two British ships. The battle demonstrated the effectiveness of British naval tactics and convoy protection, which ensured the continued delivery of supplies to the Soviet Union.

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Japan joined WW2 for a variety of reasons. The islands are low in natural resources such as oil and rubber. They wanted to capture more territory, and expand their sphere of influence. They had already been at war with China, and they also wanted to control other Asian countries and island such as the Philippines. They figured that they could get Germany's help in taking them from other European colonies. They were also afraid of the US and UK becoming too powerful and Japan being too influenced by them. Ironically, that is exactly what happened at the end of the war when America occupied Japan, mostly for the better.

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January 14-24 ,1943 Casablanca conference between Churchill and Roosevelt-NR

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January 14-24 ,1943 Casablanca conference between Churchill and Roosevelt-NR

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It was a meeting during World War II between leaders Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt. They discussed military strategy and post-war plans. One important outcome was the decision to demand unconditional surrender from Axis powers. The conference aimed to coordinate Allied efforts against the Axis powers and strengthen the alliance between the United States, the United Kingdom, and other Allied nations.

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 Casablanca conference between Churchill and Roosevelt

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February 2, 1943 The battle of Stalingrad-NR

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February 2, 1943 The battle of Stalingrad-NR

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On February 2, 1943, the Battle of Stalingrad began in World War II. It was a big clash between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Stalingrad, a city in Russia, was super important because of its location. The fighting was really tough, with both sides losing lots of soldiers. But in the end, the Soviets won, which was a huge deal. It showed that the Germans weren't invincible and gave hope to the Allies.

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May 13, 1943 German and Italian troops surrender in North Africa - RT

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May 13, 1943 German and Italian troops surrender in North Africa - RT

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The war in North Africa was awful for both sides due to supply issues and transport problems. However, the allies needed to win to get control of the Mediterranean sea and have a place to attack Italy. The Tunisian campaign was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia, that were initially being won by the axis, but were lost due to massive efforts by the allies to disrupt supplies. On May 13, the German and Italian troops surrender, causing the end of the North African campaign. The allies captured up to 300,000 prisoners of war, put Tunisia back under French occupation, and gained control of most of the Mediterranean.

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June 14, 1943 Operation Pointblank/Pointblank Directive - RT

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June 14, 1943 Operation Pointblank/Pointblank Directive - RT

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In 1943, one of the German army’s greatest strengths was their air force. The allies agreed that if the Luftwaffe continued growing ‘it would be literally impossible to carry out the planned bombing raids’ and also wouldn’t allow any amphibious landing such as operation Overlord. Operation Pointblank was an agreement to put dealing with the German air force as top priority, and it involved bombing of specific German factories and industries to slow down their war machine. The operation was a success and reduced production of the German aircraft industry by about 60%, and was a major factor in the success of D-day.

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The battle of Kursk was one of the largest battles in WW2 and all military history, fought on the eastern front. The German and army was weakened and humiliated by the battle of Stalingrad, and now they were going to prove that they were still a formidable force. However, after incredibly fierce fighting from both sides, and despite the fact the Red Army suffered much more casualties, the Soviets were victorious and Hitler would never be able to conquer Russia.

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This battle map image was uploaded in the format even though it consists of non-photographic data. This information could be stored more efficiently or accurately in the format. If possible, please upload a PNG or SVG version of this image without compression artifacts, derived from a non-JPEG source (or with existing artifacts removed).

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July 10, 1943 Allied Invasion of Sicily-NR

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July 10, 1943 Allied Invasion of Sicily-NR

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The Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943 was a major event in World War II. American, British, and Canadian troops landed on the island to fight against German and Italian forces. They faced some initial resistance but soon took control of Sicily by mid-August. This victory weakened the Axis powers in Italy and led to the downfall of Mussolini's government. It was a crucial step towards the Allies' ultimate victory in Europe during the war.

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July 9, 1943: Allied Invasion of Sicily, Italy - RT

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July 9, 1943: Allied Invasion of Sicily, Italy - RT

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The invasion of Sicily was the allies’ campaign to take over the island Sicily in Italy. The invasion was an allied victory, and would later lead to the fall of Benito Mussolini and the Allied invasion of Italy. It also helped the Soviets in the battle of Kursk as the Germans had to divert forces to Italy.

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July 25/26, 1943: Mussolini arrested and the Italian Fascist government falls; Marshal Pietro Badoglio takes over and negotiates with Allies. - RT

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July 25/26, 1943: Mussolini arrested and the Italian Fascist government falls; Marshal Pietro Badoglio takes over and negotiates with Allies. - RT

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As the war went on, morale in Italy plummeted. The people were sick of fighting, and they could tell that they weren’t going to win. The people were no longer on Benito Mussolini’s side, so they voted him out, and he was arrested. Pietro Badoglio took his place and began negotiating surrender with Eisenhower. However, the Germans were anticipating this and they attacked and took over Italy.

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was created prior to 1976 and published prior to 1978 - then it was out-of-copyright in Italy on the URAA date of restoration (January 1, 1996) ( 17 U.S.C. § 104A) (in most cases; for all cases, see Template:PD-Italy/US). If so, please add in addition to this copyright tag.

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September 9, 1943 - Allied landings at Salerno and Taranto-NR

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September 9, 1943 - Allied landings at Salerno and Taranto-NR

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On September 9, 1943, Allied troops landed at Salerno and Taranto in Italy to fight against German and Italian forces.

At Salerno, American and British soldiers faced tough fighting from German troops. Despite difficulties, they managed to secure the area and move further into Italy.

In Taranto, British and Canadian soldiers also landed successfully. They took over important ports and airfields that helped their operations in Italy.

These landings were crucial because they weakened the enemy in Italy and helped the Allies get closer to winning World War II.

The Allied landings at Salerno and Taranto on September 9, 1943, were key battles in World War II. American, British, and Canadian troops landed to fight against German and Italian soldiers. They faced tough resistance but managed to secure areas that helped them advance further into Italy. These operations were important steps towards defeating Nazi Germany and its allies in Europe.3

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October 13, 1943: Italy declares war on Germany - RT

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October 13, 1943: Italy declares war on Germany - RT

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At this point, the Germans were occupying Italy, and Badoglio and the Italian army were going to cooperate with Eisenhower and the Allies in taking Rome from the Germans. Winston Churchill had originally called Italy "Europe's soft underbelly", but advancement was slow due to German resistance. The operation didn’t succeed until 1944, but Rome would become the first capital city liberated by the allies.

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November 28, 1943 Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet at Teheran-NR

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November 28, 1943 Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet at Teheran-NR

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The Tehran Conference in November 1943 was the first meeting of the three main Allied leaders: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. They came together to plan how to defeat Nazi Germany and to discuss future arrangements after the war. The conference laid the groundwork for key military strategies, including the invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe, and set the stage for establishing the United Nations to promote global peace.

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On December 24, 1943, Canadian soldiers won a tough battle against German troops in Ortona, Italy, during World War II. This battle, nicknamed "Little Stalingrad," was part of the Allies' effort to free Italy from Axis control. Fighting in the streets was fierce and many soldiers on both sides were injured or killed. The Canadian victory at Ortona helped the Allies move forward in Italy and was an important step toward defeating Nazi Germany.

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January 22, 1944, German Retreat from Anzio, C.A

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January 22, 1944, German Retreat from Anzio, C.A

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The battle of Anzio was an Italian Campaign that started on January the 22nd and ended on June the 4th. It began when the Allies landed on the Italian mainland under "Operation Shingle".

The V1 Corps successfully outflanked the Gustav Line and decided to postpone the advance on Rome and as such the Kesselring's defense strengthened and the Allies ended up being pinned in the Bridgehead for 4 months.

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April 8, German Surrender in Crimea, C.A

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April 8, German Surrender in Crimea, C.A

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The Axis powers, namely Germany and Rome, retreated from the Crimea from the 8th to the 12th of April. During this time many boats were taken from Constanta and Sevastopol. Romanian and German boats were taken in large convoys.

They eventually surrendered due to their shortage in ranks and their lines were severely stretched.

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June 4, 1944, The Allied Forces Enter Rome, C.A

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June 4, 1944, The Allied Forces Enter Rome, C.A

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It began in January, when they conducted four major offenses on the front between Monte Cassino and the western seaboard. (Which was 20 miles long) Mark Wayne Clark was the man in charge of the assault on Rome, (He was also the youngest 4 star general) The Gustav Line was broken through at last when they conducted a combined assault with the Canadians, Americans, British, French, and the Polish. The Gustav Line retreated, and they had a huge chance to capture Rome, but Mark Clark disobeyed his orders and sent his army into the vacant part of Rome, where the Germans had declared an open city and as such there weas no defence.

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June 6, 1944, marked (at the time) the biggest navel, air and ground operation in world history. D-day was the invasion of northern France specifically the beaches of Normandy by Canadian, US, and UK solders to assault the nazi army who at the time was occupying after his “Blitzkrieg” (meaning lighting war) attack on France. On the first day around 156,000 allied troops were dropped off at the beaches and in the next several days approximately 326,000 soldiers, 50,000 vehicles and 100,000 tons of equipment was supplied. By august 1944 northern France had been taken back but around 4000 troops were killed by the Nazi army.

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June 6, 1944, British and Canadian Troops Capture Caen, France, C.A

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June 6, 1944, British and Canadian Troops Capture Caen, France, C.A

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The capture of Caen starts on June 6 when the Allies gained 5 Beachheads and takes place during the battle of Normandy.

The Canadians fought on the inland and played a major role in the capture of Caen, which was part of the attempt to liberate France.

After capturing Caen, they captured Falaise which closed off the Germans and their equipment, which was a major step to liberating France.

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June 13, 1944, The First Rocket Attack on Britian, C.A

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June 13, 1944, The First Rocket Attack on Britian, C.A

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The first bomb was dropped on Swanscombe, Kent, on the 13th of June and the last was dropped on Orpington, Kent on the 27th of March 1945. The bombing went on for one full year.

The Germans called it "Uternehmen Steinbock" Or the Capricorn Company.

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June 14, 1944: Liberation of Paris, - AP

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June 14, 1944: Liberation of Paris, - AP

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on June 14, 1944, the nazi army led by Adolf Hitler stormed France and took control of France and more specifically Paris for around 4 years. After those years of control in France the French 2nd Armored Division and the U.S. 4th Infantry Division liberated France and took back control from Germany. Before total liberation, General Dietrich von Choltitz, commander of the German garrison denied an order from Adolf to burn and bomb Paris and its landmarks before the allies took it back. After the take back of France, General Charles de Gaulle led a victorious liberation march down the “Champs d’Elysees”.

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July 20, 1944: Assassination attempt by German Army officers against Hitler fails -AP

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July 20, 1944: Assassination attempt by German Army officers against Hitler fails -AP

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On July 20, 1944, “operation Valkyrie” occurred where around 200 German resisters attempted to take out Adolf Hitler in an assassination act. Many attempt plots were made but their best bet was to try to sneak a briefcase bomb into an important meeting where Hitler would be seated in. ultimately the plan didn’t succeed. The men who wanted him dead to try to take down the nazi regime and the mass killing of the Jews and the over all hate that came with them, the bomb did explode the room into pieces, but Hitler and the others escaped and scathed.

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On August the 1st, 1944, a Polish resistance army called the Armia Krajowa (The Home Army) started an uprising with the hopes of liberating Warsaw and drive out the Germans.

During the Warsaw Uprising around 16,000 people were killed and around 6000 wounded. Nearly 200,000 civilians were killed in mass executions in retaliation by the Germans.

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was the codename of the Nazi German counterattack during the Battle of Normandy, which occurred near U.S. positions near Mortain, in northwestern France. Lüttich is the German name for the city of Liège, Belgium. In British and American histories of the Second World War, the German Operation Lüttich is known as the Mortain counter-attack, which Hitler ordered to regain territory gained by the First United States Army during Operation Cobra by reaching the coast of the Avranches region, which is at the base of the Cotentin peninsula, in order to isolate the units of the Third United States Army that had advanced into Brittany

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August 15, 1944 - Operation Dragoon begins. - RM

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August 15, 1944 - Operation Dragoon begins. - RM

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Operation Dragoon, also known as the Invasion of Southern France, was a major Allied operation during World War II. It took place in August 1944 and involved the landing of Allied troops on the French Riviera. The goal of Operation Dragoon was to open up another front in Western Europe and draw German forces away from the ongoing fighting in Normandy.

The operation was successful, with over 94,000 Allied troops landing on the beaches of southern France and quickly advancing inland. By September, they had liberated Marseille and Toulon, key ports that allowed for further supplies to be brought into France.

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August 29, 1944 -  The Slovak National uprising begins. - RM

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August 29, 1944 -  The Slovak National uprising begins. - RM

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The Slovak National Uprising was a significant event in the history of Slovakia during World War II. It took place from August to October 1944, with the aim of liberating Slovakia from Nazi German rule and establishing a democratic government. The uprising was led by Slovak resistance fighters, who were supported by Czechoslovak forces and Soviet troops.

The Slovak National Uprising was a response to the growing oppression and atrocities committed by the Nazi regime in Slovakia. It was also fueled by a desire for independence and self-determination among the Slovak people, who sought to break free from foreign domination.

Despite facing overwhelming odds, the rebels put up a fierce fight against the German forces. Although ultimately unsuccessful in achieving their goals, the Slovak National Uprising served as a symbol of resistance and courage for future generations.

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September 17 1944: Soviet troops advance into Poland, - AP

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September 17 1944: Soviet troops advance into Poland, - AP

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Despite their valiant fight against such terrible odds, any chance of the Poles holding out was dashed on September 17 when Stalin invaded the part of Poland granted him under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. The Soviets attacked with over 450,000 troops, 4,736 tanks, and 3,300 aircraft. The Polish army was already mortally weakened and plans to mount a defense in the south at the Romanian bridgehead were now obsolete. Warsaw surrendered on September 27 with a final death toll of over 20,000 civilians.

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September 17, 1944 - Operation Market Garden. - RM

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September 17, 1944 - Operation Market Garden. - RM

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Operation Market Garden was a major Allied military operation during World War II, which took place in September 1944. The operation was intended to secure a series of bridges in the Netherlands and open up a path for Allied forces to advance into Germany. The plan was ambitious and complex, involving airborne troops dropping behind enemy lines, followed by ground forces moving quickly to link up with them.

The operation was spearheaded by British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery and involved over 30,000 airborne troops from the United States, Britain, and Poland. Despite initial successes in securing several key bridges, the operation failed to achieve its objectives due to a number of factors including poor intelligence, bad weather, and stiff German resistance.

Operation Market Garden is often remembered as a bold but unsuccessful attempt to shorten the war in Europe. It highlighted the challenges of coordinating large-scale airborne operations and the importance of thorough planning and intelligence gathering in military campaigns.

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October 21, 1944 - Massive surrender at Aachen Germany. - RM

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October 21, 1944 - Massive surrender at Aachen Germany. - RM

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On October 21, 1944, the city of Aachen in Germany became the site of a significant event in World War II. The massive surrender that took place in Aachen marked a turning point in the war and had far-reaching consequences for both sides involved.

The surrender of Aachen was the first time a major German city fell to Allied forces during the war. It was a strategic victory for the Allies as it provided them with a crucial foothold on German soil.

The surrender also had psychological implications, as it demonstrated to both sides the strength and determination of their respective forces. For the Germans, it was a demoralizing defeat that foreshadowed further losses to come.

In conclusion, the massive surrender in Aachen Germany was a pivotal moment in World War II that had profound effects on the course of the war and its outcome. It serves as a stark reminder of the high stakes and sacrifices made during this tumultuous period in history.

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Fu-Go Balloon Bombs: November 3, 1944 – AG 

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Fu-Go Balloon Bombs: November 3, 1944 – AG 

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Fu-Go Balloon Bombs were rolled out on the date November 3, 1944, and the Imperial Japanese Army had created these Fu-Go Balloon Bombs. They made these bombs as a hydrogen-filled paper balloon. You can expect to see these bombs with their 33 feet or 10-meter presence in the sky coming down. Usually, they carried 4 11-pound explosive devices and another 33-pound high-explosive anti-personnel bomb. In total it has approximately 77lbs of explosives. The anti-personnel bombs were mainly used to take out people and not cause damage to property. One huge mechanism that let these Fu-Go Balloon Bombs to function was the jet stream and they used this jet stream to get from the Pacific Ocean to North America. They also used a quite advanced sandbag ballast system so they can keep a steady altitude.

The goal the Imperial Japanese Army had with these bombs were to start forest fires and cause America to be panic-stricken. There were approximately 9,300 of these bombs launched from Japan, and 300 of these bombs were found in the USA, Mexico, and Canada. However, these bombs did not start any significant forest fires because the conditions were too damp. There have been casualties, however the only recorded causality occurred on May 5, 1945, near Bly, Oregon. The bomb had taken the lives of 6 people and 5 of them were children. These were the only casualties from the actions of enemies in the USA during WW2. The Fu-Go Balloon Bombs were also considered significant due to being a weapon system that had intercontinental range. This meant this bomb could travel continents and still be effective. This bomb also predates the intercontinental ballistic missile.

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November 24, 1944:Terrace “Zombie” protest against overseas conscription - KE

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November 24, 1944:Terrace “Zombie” protest against overseas conscription - KE

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Terrace mutiny lasting 5 days was the largest breach of discipline in Canadian military history. The mutiny was caused by the rumor that the solders posted in Terrace were going to be deployed over seas to the front lines, the soldiers posted at terrace stopped following orders and armed themselves, news spread to other parts of the 15th Brigade and there was resistance in other parts of the nation. The government we afraid that the news of the mutiny would spread so they covered it up and it worked, it made a large event of Canadian history and terraces history unknown.

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December 4, 1944 - Civil war in Greece, Athens was placed under martial law. - RM

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December 4, 1944 - Civil war in Greece, Athens was placed under martial law. - RM

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The Civil War in Greece, which took place from 1946 to 1949, was a conflict between the Greek government and communist rebels. This war was a result of political and ideological divisions that emerged after World War II. The government, supported by the United States and Great Britain, aimed to prevent the spread of communism in Greece.

The communist rebels, on the other hand, were seeking to establish a socialist state in Greece. The conflict resulted in significant loss of life and destruction throughout the country. It also had long-lasting effects on Greek society and politics.

The government forces emerged victorious in 1949, effectively ending the Civil War in Greece. However, the scars of this conflict remained for years to come, influencing political developments and social dynamics in Greece. The Civil War left a deep impact on Greek society and continues to shape its history even today.

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December 16, 1944, The Battle of Bulge, C.A

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December 16, 1944, The Battle of Bulge, C.A

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The battle of Bulge was an offensive by the Germans to stop the Allies from using Antwerp as a port. They went about it by trying to split their lines, surround them, and force a surrender.

Now that area was used as a resting place for tired troops so when they attacked the defense wasn't as up to par and furthermore, the weather was severely overcast which grounded the Allies superior air force.

When the Allies resisted, they blocked off the Axis Powers from Elsenborn Ridge which cut them off from several key roads they would need.

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December 17, 1944 - Waffen-SS murder 81 U.S. POWs at Malmedy. - RM

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December 17, 1944 - Waffen-SS murder 81 U.S. POWs at Malmedy. - RM

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On December 17, 1944, during the Battle of the Bulge, a horrific war crime took place in Malmedy, Belgium. The Waffen-SS, a division of the German army, murdered 81 American prisoners of war. This atrocity shocked the world and remains a dark chapter in World War II history. The massacre at Malmedy was not an isolated incident but part of a pattern of brutality by the Waffen-SS. The soldiers responsible for this heinous act showed no regard for the rules of war or basic human decency.

The trial that followed held accountable those responsible for the murders. However, many questions still remain about what led to such a senseless act of violence against unarmed prisoners. The memory of the Malmedy massacre serves as a reminder of the horrors that can occur in times of conflict and underscores the importance of upholding international laws and conventions to prevent such atrocities from happening again.

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Beginning of 1944 - To the end of 1944:  The demolition of the Auschwitz gas chambers - AP

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Beginning of 1944 - To the end of 1944:  The demolition of the Auschwitz gas chambers - AP

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Though the demolition of the Auschwitz gas chambers took place over a span of a couple years, the most happened in 1944. The gas chamber in crematorium 1 was used for the last time in December 1942 but the crematorium furnaces there were operational until July 1943. In 1944 the crematorium 1 building was turn into an air-raid bunker. In 1943 the first gas chamber was demolished but the second one returned to use in the spring of 1944 and was demolished in the fall of 1944. The rest of the covering of the crime was done until January 26, 1945, which was the day before the allies liberated the camps.