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An infant must form a loving and trusting relationship between caregiver to create trust and a sense of safety and security towards them. If caregiver does not create the loving/ trusting relationship, the infant will develop a sense of mistrust and can bring the infant fear towards the world around them.

PHYSICAL:

Weight can double in less than 5 months.

Slight hair growth as months go by.

Fine Motor Skills & Little Movements. (holding certain items, head control, crawling and rolling around.)

COGNITIVE:

Infant develops clear vision

Understands a glimpse of the world around them and their surroundings.

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EARLY CHILDHOOD/ TODDLERHOOD (1-3 YEARS) 

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EARLY CHILDHOOD/ TODDLERHOOD (1-3 YEARS) 

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During these stages of toddlerhood, the toddler learns how to do things on their own and gains a slight bit of independence. It is a caregiver's responsibility to give their toddler a sense of praise and reassurance that you are proud of them. It gives them a sense of self-belief and autonomy in tasks. If a caregiver doubts their toddler and does not allow them to do things on their own, it can cause the toddler to feel ashamed and senses of doubt. This can lead to a toddler feeling unworthy or discouraged to do tasks.

PHYSICAL:

Rapid growth of height throughout time.

Speech Growth

Fine Motor Skills & Bigger Movements. (slightly eating & drinking on their own, learning to go to the bathroom

independently, running, walking, jumping etc.)

COGNITIVE:

Toddler gains a better understanding of the world around them.

Toddler learns how to process and memorize information.

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During the play/ preschool ages, the child begins to focus on being independent and eventually have some goals for themselves, big and small. It it the caregiver's responsibility to give patience and encourage them even when they fail. The feeling of encouragement allows the child to take initiative while performing independent tasks. But, if the child feels discouraged or criticized by their caregiver, it can result in the child feeling a sense of guilt.

PHYSICAL:

Increase in height, weight and muscle.

Development of stronger vocabulary.

COGNITIVE:

Problem-solving skills

Memorizing becomes easier as well as organizing thoughts and reasoning.

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During these years, the school age child becomes more aware of their individuality. They begin to take a look at all the things they can succeed in, whether it be sports, hobbies or education. As a caregiver, it is their responsibility to be open to those activities and give them support and praise for their accomplishments. If the child is not supported by caregivers for their accomplishments, the child may feel inferior or incompetent.

PHYSICAL:

Improvement in motor skills (writing, playing etc.)

Better coordination and balance and stronger muscles.

COGNITIVE:

Learning to read, and better ability to problem solve.

Expanding of knowledge and thinking skills.

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This stage may be a bit of an "identity crisis". During this time, adolescence may experience stress due to figuring out their priorities and goals for their adult-life and "finding their identity." As a caregiver, it is important to give their adolescent time and patience. During these years, adolescence can be very emotional and sensitive. If the adolescent is feeling overwhelmed by caregivers, it can cause a sense of confusion of their identity and future goals.

PHYSCIAL:

Most experience puberty in which can come with tons of symptoms. (hair growth, acne, bodily changes, body odor etc.)

Young women start having their menstrual period and causes many hormones and emotions.

COGNITIVE:

Efficiency in problem-solving, memorizing and processing information.

Social recognition.

More aware of their emotions.

Thinking deeper about events in their life.

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During this stage, individuals typically are now on their own and responsible for their own physical and emotional health. It is important for young adults to take initiative to form meaningful relationships among friends, family and intimate relationships. If individuals are not practicing this, they will soon not be capable to form intimate relationships among others, it can lead to bigger problems such as loneliness, depression and isolation.

PHYSICAL:

Individuals will reach their final height and increase body fat as well as muscle mass.

Reach full reproductive maturity.

COGNITIVE:

Risky behavior and decisions tends to decrease.

Gaining wisdom and maturity.

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When you get to the Middle Ages, individuals have mostly sensed a feeling of growth and wisdom. Feeling the need to take care of the next generation and sharing your experiences is called generativity, lacking this feeling and not playing a role of a mentor can leave a feeling of bitterness and stagnation and lead to no happiness.

PHYSICAL:

Aging (gray hair, hair loss, wrinkles, weight gain or loss)

Change in vision, muscle loss and hearing problems.

COGNITIVE:

Decrease in time reaction and memory loss.

Increase in life experiences in which cause wisdom and growth.

* Due to this stage being the beginning of health problems, individuals may need to seek healthcare providers.

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When getting to this stage, there is tons of reflection on what you did and didn't do in your lifetime. Those who've had plenty goals accomplished will feel a sense of integrity and pride. Those who have not accomplished much will fall into despair and continue to age with regret instead of grace.

PHYSICAL:

Changes in skin, looks and hair.

Hearing loss and eye diseases.

Less ability to move around and function by themselves.

COGNITIVE:

Loss of memory

Difficulty of processing information and navigating through common problem solving.

* Due to the increase in health conditions during this stage, individuals of this age may need to seek healthcare from providers in which could result in living in a care home facility.