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Since October of 2023, Canada has imposed two sanctions on Moldova relating to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The first is on nine individuals deemed "Russian collaborators in Moldova". The second is on six Moldovan television stations that "actively promoted and disseminated Russian disinformation to justify Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine". These sanctions prohibit Canadians from engaging in any activity relating to these individuals/medias.

Article for more info (see link above)

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Asset freeze

Financial prohibitions

Recent developments

2023-10-16 - Regulations were amended

2023-08-04 - Regulations were amended

2023-05-30 - Regulations entered into force

Do you need a permit or certificate?

Prohibitions

Sanctions related to Moldova have been enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the gravity of Russia's violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Moldova and Ukraine, in which gross and systematic violations of human rights and acts of significant corruption have been committed.

The Special Economic Measures (Moldova) Regulations impose a dealings prohibition, an effective asset freeze, on listed persons. The Regulations prohibit any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada from:

dealing in property, wherever situated, that is owned, held or controlled by a listed person or a person acting on behalf of a listed person;

entering into or facilitating any transaction related to a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

providing any financial or related services in respect of a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

making available any goods, wherever situated, to a listed person or a person acting on behalf of a listed person; and

providing any financial or other related services to or for the benefit of a listed person.

Causing, facilitating or assisting in prohibited activities is likewise prohibited.

Exceptions

The above-noted asset freeze and dealings prohibitions do not apply to the following activities or transactions:

payments made by or on behalf of designated persons pursuant to contracts entered into prior to the coming into force of the Regulations, provided that the payments are not made to or for the benefit of a designated person;

payments made by or on behalf of a listed person pursuant to contracts entered into prior to the coming into force of the Regulations, provided that the payments are not made to a listed person or to a person acting on behalf of a listed person;

transactions necessary for a Canadian to transfer to a non-listed person any accounts, funds or investments of a Canadian held by a listed person on the day on which that person became listed;

dealings with a listed person required with respect to loan repayments made to any person in Canada, or any Canadian outside Canada, for loans entered into with any person other than a listed person, and for enforcement and realization of security in respect of those loans, or repayments by guarantors guaranteeing those loans;

dealings with a listed person required with respect to loan repayments made to any person in Canada, or any Canadian outside Canada, for loans entered into with a listed person before that person became a listed person, and for enforcement and realization of security in respect of those loans, or repayments by guarantors guaranteeing those loans;

pension payments to any person in Canada or any Canadian outside Canada;

financial services required in order for a listed person to obtain legal services in Canada with respect to the application of any of the prohibitions set out in these Regulations;

transactions in respect of accounts at financial institutions held by diplomatic missions, provided that the transaction is required in order for the mission to fulfill its diplomatic functions under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, or transactions required in order to maintain the mission premises if the diplomatic mission has been temporarily or permanently recalled;

transactions with any international organization with diplomatic status, agencies of the United Nations, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, or with any entity that has entered into a grant or contribution agreement with Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada; and

transactions by the Government of Canada that are provided for in any agreement or arrangement between Canada and Moldova.

Permits and Certificates

A separate Special Economic Measures (Moldova) Permit Authorization Order made pursuant to subsection 4(4) of the Special Economic Measures Act authorizes the Minister of Foreign Affairs to issue to any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada a permit to carry out a specified activity or transaction, or any class of activity or transaction, that is otherwise restricted or prohibited pursuant to the Regulations.

Background

Following Russia's illegal occupation and attempted annexation of Crimea in March 2014, the Canadian government, in tandem with partners and allies, enacted sanctions through the Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations under the Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA). These sanctions impose dealings prohibitions (an effective asset freeze) on designated individuals and entities in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine supporting or enabling Russia's violation of Ukraine's sovereignty. Any person in Canada and Canadians outside Canada are thereby prohibited from dealing in the property of, entering into transactions with, providing services to, or otherwise making goods available to listed persons.

On February 24, 2022, Russian President Putin announced a "special military operation" as Russian forces launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine from Russian and Belarusian territory. The war has become a grinding war of attrition which sees little prospect of a quick victory for either side, and both continue to incur heavy losses. The Russian military has committed horrific atrocities against civilians, including in Izium, Bucha, Kharkiv and Mariupol. Experts, including the OSCE Moscow Mechanism fact-finding missions, the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine and UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), have concluded that Russia is committing serious human rights violations, war crimes, possible crimes against humanity, and conflict-related sexual violence. These studies have linked Russian external aggression with systematic repression and human rights abuses domestically. According to Ukraine's State Emergency Department, 30% of Ukrainian territory (approximately the size of Austria) is mined. President Putin's military invasion has been paired with significant malicious cyber operations and disinformation campaigns that falsely portray the West as the aggressor; and claim Ukraine is developing chemical, biological, radiological and/or nuclear weapons with NATO support. The deterioration of Russia's relations with Ukraine has paralleled the worsening of its relations with the United States and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which has led to heightened tensions.

Russia has threatened to draw Moldova further into the conflict in Ukraine. Separatists in Transnistria have long-sought separation from Moldova. Russia has stationed so-called "peacekeepers" as part of a trilateral peacekeeping force there since 1992, as well as occupation troops guarding Russian ammunition depots in Transnistria. Russia has used its presence in Moldova to restrain the national government from exercising full sovereignty over Moldovan territory in Transnistria and has threatened military confrontation should Moldova seek to remove them.

Following the annexation of Crimea in 2014, separatists in Transnistria openly applauded the Russian action and expressed their wish that Russia annex Transnistria. At the time, Ukraine built defences on its border with Transnistria, fearing that Russia would use Moldovan territory to invade mainland Ukraine. Since February 2022, Moldovan authorities have reported several instances in which Russian missiles have crossed Moldovan airspace to attack Ukraine. On at least two occasions missile debris has landed in Moldovan territory. Senior Russian officials have suggested Russia's war aims include taking a contiguous strip of land from Donetsk in eastern Ukraine, running along the Azov and Black Sea coast through Ukrainian Kherson and Odesa, and from there to Transnistria. In February 2023, Moldova's democratically-elected President warned that Russia was planning a coup amid various protests and provocations that Moldovan and Ukrainian intelligence said were backed by the Kremlin.

Systemic corruption by Moldovan oligarchs has impacted several of Moldova's political and economic institutions, which have then been used as instruments of Russia's malign influence campaign in Moldova and beyond. Russia seeks to hinder the democratic reforms that the current government of Moldova is pursuing as it seeks EU membership. This includes ongoing violations of human rights.

On May 30, 2023, the Special Economic Measures (Moldova) Regulations came into force. The Regulations include seven (7) individuals and one (1) entity to the Schedule of the Regulations, who are subject to a broad dealings ban. They are Moldovan oligarchs, business people, parliamentarians and politicians connected to Russia. The entity is a political party closely connected to one of the individuals who is sanctioned as part of these Regulations.

On October 16, 2023, Canada imposed sanctions on 9 individuals, including those who are associated with influential oligarchs or connected to the Shor Party, and 6 television stations that Moldovan authorities have found actively promoted and disseminated Russian disinformation to justify Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine.

Selected documents

Related links

Legal advice

Please be advised that Global Affairs Canada cannot provide legal advice to members of the public. For this reason, we cannot deliver an opinion as to whether or not a specific activity or transaction would contravene sanctions legislation. You should consider seeking legal advice in relation to an activity that may contravene a Canadian sanction law.

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Sanctions related to Moldova have been enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the gravity of Russia's violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Moldova and Ukraine, in which gross and systematic violations of human rights and acts of significant corruption have been committed.

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Between 2006 and 2010, the United Nations Security Council imposed four rounds of sanctions against Iran in response to its nuclear program. Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, the Security Council adopted resolutions 1737 (2006), 1747 (2007), 1803 (2008) and 1929 (2010) imposing sanctions against Iran in response to the proliferation risks presented by Iran's nuclear program in light of Iran's failure to meet the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and to comply with the provisions of earlier Security Council resolutions. The Regulations Implementing the United Nations Resolutions on Iran, as amended, implement the decisions of the Security Council in Canadian domestic law. Implementation of the travel restrictions imposed under UNSC Resolutions is ensured in Canada under existing provisions of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act.

More information in the link above.

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Arms embargo

Asset freeze

Export and import restrictions

Financial Prohibitions

Technical assistance prohibition

Recent developments

2019-03-04 - Regulations were amended (SEMA) and (UNA)

2016-02-05 - Regulations were amended (SEMA) and (UNA)

2013-05-29 - Regulations were amended (SEMA)

Prohibitions

Sanctions related to Iran were enacted under the United Nations Act and the Special Economic Measures Act in response to Iran's nuclear and weapons of mass destruction (WMD) programs.

Sanctions under the Regulations Implementing the United Nations Resolutions on Iran(the Iran UN Regulations) were modified on February 5, 2016 to implement the changes to the United Nations sanctions against Iran as decided by the Security Council of the United Nations in Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015). Ongoing restrictions on dealings with Iran under the Iran UN Regulations include:

prohibitions on the export to Iran of:

items, materials, equipment, goods and technology related to uranium enrichment, reprocessing or heavy water-related activities, or to the development of nuclear weapon delivery systems (products listed in the International Atomic Energy Agency's Information Circulars INFCIRC/254/Rev.12/Part 1 and INFCIRC/254/Rev.9/Part 2 and UN Security Council document S/2015/254, as well as to a number of goods listed in Group 1 (Dual-Use List) and Group 2 (Munitions List) in A Guide to Canada's Export Controls;

items, material, equipment, goods and technology related to goods listed in the Missile Technology Control Regime (2015/254);

battle tanks, armored combat vehicles, large caliber artillery systems, combat aircrafts, attack helicopters, warships, missiles or missile systems as defined in the United Nations Registry of Conventional Weapons;

a prohibition on the provision to any person in Iran of technical assistance, financial or related services related to the supply, sale, transfer, manufacture or use of the products subject to the export prohibitions;

a prohibition on making available to any person in Iran any property, financial assistance or investment, related to the supply, sale, transfer, manufacture or use of the products subject to the export prohibitions;

a prohibition on making property or financial services available to Iran for the purpose of investing in specified nuclear-related activities in Canada;

a prohibition on providing any technology to Iran in respect of any activity related to ballistic missiles capable of delivering nuclear weapons;

a prohibition on the acquisition and import from Iran of arms and related material;

an assets freeze against individuals and entities who were listed by the Security Council or the Committee established pursuant to Resolution 1737 (2006) as of July 20, 2015 whose names were not removed by Resolution 2231, or any other persons who may be listed by the Security Council under Resolution 2231; and

a prohibition against claims by Iran or designated persons in relation to any transactions prevented by reason of the sanctions imposed against Iran.

Sanctions under the Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations (the Iran SEMA Regulations), as amended, prohibit:

transactions involving property with the individuals and entities subject to asset freezes as listed in Schedule 1;

the export, sale, supply or shipment of any goods listed in Schedule 2 of the Iran SEMA Regulations, to Iran, to any person in Iran, or to a person for the purpose of a business carried on in or operated from Iran; and

transferring, providing or disclosing to Iran or any person in Iran any technical data related to the goods listed in Schedule 2.

There are also provisions in the Criminal Code that prohibit certain dealings with listed entities. Canadian persons (both individuals and entities) should look closely at their legal obligations and do careful due diligence about prospective partners, customers or suppliers in Iran to ensure that they are not dealing with any listed entities.

Other Measures

In accordance with Resolution 2231, Canada imposes travel restrictions against persons listed by the Security Council, which are implemented in Canada via the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act.

Canada also continues to restrict the export to Iran of a wide range of sensitive products listed on the Export Control List (ECL), under the Export and Import Permits Act (EIPA). See Notice to Exporters Serial No. 196 for further information.

Permits and Certificates

Under the Iran UN Regulations, the Minister of Foreign Affairs may issue a certificate to authorize an activity restricted by the regulations, on a case-by-case basis, provided that the requirements of Resolution 2231 are strictly respected. The requirements may include obtaining the approval of the Security Council in advance.

A separate Special Economic Measures (Iran) Permit Authorization Order, made pursuant to subsection 4(4) of the Special Economic Measures Act authorizes the Minister of Foreign Affairs to issue to any person in Canada or any Canadian outside Canada a permit to carry out a specified activity or transaction, or any class of activity or transaction, that is restricted or prohibited pursuant to the Regulations.

Background

Between 2006 and 2010, the United Nations Security Council imposed four rounds of sanctions against Iran in response to its nuclear program. Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, the Security Council adopted resolutions 1737 (2006), 1747 (2007), 1803 (2008) and 1929 (2010) imposing sanctions against Iran in response to the proliferation risks presented by Iran's nuclear program in light of Iran's failure to meet the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and to comply with the provisions of earlier Security Council resolutions. The Regulations Implementing the United Nations Resolutions on Iran, as amended, implement the decisions of the Security Council in Canadian domestic law. Implementation of the travel restrictions imposed under UNSC Resolutions is ensured in Canada under existing provisions of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act.

In July 2010, Canada imposed additional sanctions on Iran in close consultation with like-minded partners, including the United States and the European Union, under the Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA) upon a finding by the Governor in Council that Iran's failure to meet its international obligations amounted to a grave breach of international peace and security that had resulted or was likely to result in a serious international crisis. The SEMA (Iran) sanctions were increasingly tightened through amendments made in October 2011, November 2011, January 2012, December 2012 and May 2013 resulting in a broad prohibition on exports and imports to and from Iran, subject to certain exceptions, and on financial transactions.

On July 14, 2015, the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States) plus Germany, known as the 'P5+1', led by the European Union, concluded an agreement with Iran in its nuclear program called the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which was endorsed by UN Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015). A key milestone for the nuclear deal was reached on what is known as "Implementation Day," on January 16, 2016 following confirmation by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) that Iran had fulfilled the prescribed commitments under the JCPOA, rolling back Iran's nuclear program and subjecting it to extensive and ongoing international verification. Implementation Day also triggered immediate changes to sanctions imposed by the UN, the United States and the European Union against Iran, resulting in significant nuclear sanctions relief for Iran.

On February 5, 2016, Canada amended its Regulations implementing the United Nations Resolutions on Iran in order to implement the decisions of the Security Council under Resolution 2231. In addition, amendments were made to Canada's sanctions against Iran under the Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations in order to contribute to international efforts to recognize the progress made under the JCPOA, while restricting Iran's access to sensitive goods from Canada, especially with respect to nuclear proliferation and the development of ballistic missiles. The amendments remove: the blanket prohibition on imports from Iran and exports to Iran (except for goods listed in Schedule 2); prohibitions on the transfer, provision or communication of certain technical data to Iran (except technical data related to goods listed in Schedule 2); broad prohibitions on providing or acquiring financial or other services to or from Iran; the prohibition on making investments in entities in Iran; and the prohibitions related to the provision of services to certain Iranian vessels. They also modify the list of individuals and entities in Schedule 1.

Selected documents

Related links

Legal advice

Please be advised that Global Affairs Canada cannot provide legal advice to members of the public. For this reason, we cannot deliver an opinion as to whether or not a specific activity or transaction would contravene sanctions legislation. You should consider seeking legal advice in relation to an activity that may contravene a Canadian sanction law.

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Arms embargo Asset freeze Export and import restrictions Financial Prohibitions Technical assistance prohibition Recent developments 2019-03-04 - Regulations were amended (SEMA) and (UNA) 2016-02-05 - Regulations were amended (SEMA) and (UNA) 2013-05-29 - Regulations were amended (SEMA) Sanctions related to Iran were enacted under the United Nations Act and the

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On August 13, 2011, Canada took measures to freeze the assets of additional individuals and entities associated with the Syrian government. Canada sanctioned Syria to put pressure on its government due to human rights violations and to push for a peaceful resolution to the conflict. The sanctions under the Special Economic Measures Act target those responsible for the crisis in Syria, aiming to hold the Syrian regime accountable.The Special Economic Measures Act was used to impose sanctions on Syria in response to the humanitarian crises and subsequent violations of regional international peace and security. Members of the present Syrian regime are subject to sanctions under the Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations.

The types of Sanction:

Arms embargo

Asset freeze

Export and import restrictions

Financial Prohibitions

Technical assistance prohibition

Look at the link above for more information :)

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Arms embargo

Asset freeze

Export and import restrictions

Financial Prohibitions

Technical assistance prohibition

Recent developments

2023-08-04 - Regulations were amended

2019-03-04 - Regulations were amended

2017-04-20 - Regulations were amended

Prohibitions

Sanctions related to Syria were enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the humanitarian crises and resulting breach of international peace and security in the region.

The Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations impose sanctions against members of the current Syrian regime. In addition to the restrictions on dealings with designated persons, the Regulations prohibit:

The import of goods, excluding food for human consumption, from Syria;

The provision or acquisition of financial services to, from or for the for the benefit of or on the direction or order of Syria or any person in Syria;

New investments in Syria;

The export to Syria of goods, including technical data, used for monitoring telecommunications;

The export of luxury goods to Syria;

The exports of goods listed in Schedule 2 of the Regulations, including any technical data related to such goods.

Causing, assisting or promoting prohibited activities is likewise prohibited.

Exceptions

Some exceptions exist, including the following:

Payments made by or on behalf of designated persons pursuant to contracts entered into prior to the coming into force of that person's designation;

Humanitarian efforts and goods, such as food and medical supplies or equipment, and assistance and activities related to stabilization, democratization, development and reconstruction, if sent through one of the specified categories of organizations;

Personal or settlers' effects shipped by an individual leaving Syria and used by the individual or his or her immediate family;

Personal correspondence up to 250 g per item;

Pension payments to any person in Canada, any Canadian abroad or any person in Syria;

Transactions necessary for a Canadian to transfer any existing accounts, funds or investments of Canadians held with a designated person to a non-designated person; and

Non-commercial remittances of $ 40,000 or less.

Permits and Certificates

A separate Special Economic Measures (Syria) Permit Authorization Order made pursuant to subsection 4(4) of the Special Economic Measures Act authorizes the Minister of Foreign Affairs to issue to any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada a permit to carry out a specified activity or transaction, or any class of activity or transaction, that is otherwise restricted or prohibited pursuant to the Regulations, except for the import of chemical weapons and any related technical assistance.

Background

On January 29, 2014, in response to the adoption by the United Nations Security Council, of Resolution 2118 (2013) prohibiting the procurement of chemical weapons from Syria and the recommendation of the Australia Group to control the export of certain chemical weapons precursors to Syria, Canada imposed further sanctions against Syria under the Special Economic Measures Act.

These measures prohibit the export of chemicals that can be used as precursors to chemical weapons agents and dual-use equipment that can be used in a chemical weapons programme. The import, purchase, acquisition, carriage or shipment of chemical weapons and equipment, goods or technology related to chemical weapons from Syria is also prohibited. In addition, the acquisition or purchase of technical data or technical assistance related to chemical weapons is prohibited.

On May 24, 2011, Canada announced that targeted sanctions would be imposed against members of the current Syrian regime under the Special Economic Measures Act. Protests for democratic reform had been ongoing in various cities across Syria since March 15, 2011. The Syrian Government's violent crackdown on peaceful protesters led to many civilian deaths and injuries. Thousands of civilians were detained arbitrarily and there were credible reports of summary executions and torture. The actions of the Syrian Government led thousands of Syrians to flee to neighbouring countries, including Lebanon, resulting in a serious humanitarian crisis in the region. The violent crackdown in Syria and the cross-border incursions into neighbouring countries resulting in fatalities and the mass exodus of refugees caused a grave breach of international peace and security that is likely to result in a serious international crisis. The Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations thus came into force in order to respond to the gravity of the situation in Syria.

On August 13, 2011, Canada took measures to freeze the assets of additional individuals and entities associated with the Syrian government.

On October 4, 2011, Canada expanded its targeted sanctions by prohibiting imports of petroleum products from Syria and new investments in the Syrian oil industry.

On December 23, 2011, Canada expanded its targeted sanctions by prohibiting all imports from Syria, except for food for human consumption, as well as all new investment in Syria and the export to Syria of telecommunications monitoring equipment.

On January 25, 2012, Canada had expanded its targeted sanctions by imposing an assets freeze and dealings prohibition on additional individuals and entities associated with the Assad regime.

On March 5, 2012, Canada expanded its sanctions by broadening the prohibition on financial services, previously limited to the petroleum trade and related investments, to include the provision and acquisition of all financial or other related services to or from Syria. The new measures also imposed an assets freeze and dealings prohibition on seven additional individuals associated with the Assad regime as well as the Central Bank of Syria.

On March 30, 2012, Canada expanded its sanctions by imposing an assets freeze and dealings prohibition on additional individuals and entities associated with the Assad regime.

On May 17, 2012, Canada expanded its sanctions by prohibiting the export, sale, supply or shipping of luxury goods to Syria. The new measures also imposed an assets freeze and dealings prohibition on three additional individuals and three entities associated with the Assad regime.

On July 6, 2012, Canada expanded its targeted sanctions by prohibiting the export, sale, supply or shipping to Syria of a number of goods that can be used for internal repression as well as in the production of chemical and biological weapons. The new measures also imposed an assets freeze and dealings prohibition on two additional entities associated with the Assad regime.

On August 31, 2012, Canada froze the assets of additional individuals and entities associated with the Syrian government.

On November 28, 2012, Canada froze the assets of additional individuals and entities associated with the Syrian government.

On April 13, 2017, Canada froze the assets of additional individuals associated with the Syrian government.

On April 20, 2017, Canada froze the assets of additional individuals and entities associated with the Syrian government.

Selected documents

Related links

Legal advice

Please be advised that Global Affairs Canada cannot provide legal advice to members of the public. For this reason, we cannot deliver an opinion as to whether or not a specific activity or transaction would contravene sanctions legislation. You should consider seeking legal advice in relation to an activity that may contravene a Canadian sanction law.

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Sanctions related to Syria were enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the humanitarian crises and resulting breach of international peace and security in the region.

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On February 20, 2024, Canada had imposed sanctions towards Guatemala under the Special Economic Act . The sanctions were imposed to combat human rights violations as well as corruption. There was a prohibition on dealing and assets were frozen for listed people. The human rights violations included prison conditions that are life threatening, arbitrary detention, harassment and surveillance, coersion, threats, ect.

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Asset freeze

Financial prohibitions

Recent developments

2024-02-16 - Decree adopted

2024-02-16 - Regulations in force

Do you need a permit or certificate?

Prohibitions

Sanctions related to Guatemala have been enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the gross and systematic violations of human rights and acts of significant corruption have been committed.

The Special Economic Measures (Guatemala) Regulations impose a dealings prohibition, an effective asset freeze, on listed persons. The Regulations prohibit any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada from:

dealing in property, wherever situated, that is owned, held or controlled by a listed person or a person acting on behalf of a listed person;

entering into or facilitating any transaction related to a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

providing any financial or related services in respect of a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

making available any goods, wherever situated, to a listed person or a person acting on behalf of a listed person; and

providing any financial or other related services to or for the benefit of a listed person.

Causing, facilitating or assisting in prohibited activities is likewise prohibited.

Exceptions

The above-noted asset freeze and dealings prohibitions do not apply to the following activities or transactions:

payments made by or on behalf of designated persons pursuant to contracts entered into prior to the coming into force of the Regulations, provided that the payments are not made to or for the benefit of a designated person;

payments made by or on behalf of a listed person pursuant to contracts entered into prior to the coming into force of the Regulations, provided that the payments are not made to a listed person or to a person acting on behalf of a listed person;

transactions necessary for a Canadian to transfer to a non-listed person any accounts, funds or investments of a Canadian held by a listed person on the day on which that person became listed;

dealings with a listed person required with respect to loan repayments made to any person in Canada, or any Canadian outside Canada, for loans entered into with any person other than a listed person, and for enforcement and realization of security in respect of those loans, or repayments by guarantors guaranteeing those loans;

dealings with a listed person required with respect to loan repayments made to any person in Canada, or any Canadian outside Canada, for loans entered into with a listed person before that person became a listed person, and for enforcement and realization of security in respect of those loans, or repayments by guarantors guaranteeing those loans;

pension payments to any person in Canada or any Canadian outside Canada;

financial services required in order for a listed person to obtain legal services in Canada with respect to the application of any of the prohibitions set out in these Regulations;

transactions in respect of accounts at financial institutions held by diplomatic missions, provided that the transaction is required in order for the mission to fulfill its diplomatic functions under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, or transactions required in order to maintain the mission premises if the diplomatic mission has been temporarily or permanently recalled;

transactions with any international organization with diplomatic status, agencies of the United Nations, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, or with any entity that has entered into a grant or contribution agreement with Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada; and

transactions by the Government of Canada that are provided for in any agreement or arrangement between Canada and Guatemala.

Permits and certificates

A separate Special Economic Measures (Guatemala) Permit Authorization Order made pursuant to subsection 4(4) of the Special Economic Measures Act authorizes the Minister of Foreign Affairs to issue to any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada a permit to carry out a specified activity or transaction, or any class of activity or transaction, that is otherwise restricted or prohibited pursuant to the Regulations.

Background

For many years, Guatemala has been grappling with entrenched corruption, alarming levels of impunity, and gross human rights violations against justice actors, human rights defenders, and journalists. Under former President Giammattei (2020 to 2024), Guatemala experienced the systematic weakening of key government departments, as well as the country's judicial branch. Throughout the 2023 electoral process, corrupt public officials worked relentlessly to annul the democratic victory of President Bernardo Arévalo, and to silence the will of the Guatemalan people that was clearly conveyed at the elections.

Although the efforts to prevent President Arévalo from taking office ultimately failed, the corrupt public officials that remain in positions of power continue their efforts to undermine the democratically-elected government. Along with its international partners, Canada is imposing these sanctions to collectively contribute to efforts to fight corruption and gross human rights violations in Guatemala. These sanctions will also serve to deter obstructionist actions by corrupt public officials.

On February 16, 2024, the Special Economic Measures (Guatemala) Regulations came into force. They serve as a new and complementary tool to support Canada's ongoing efforts to support the democratically-elected Arévalo government and the people of Guatemala in their fight to strengthen democracy and human rights. The Regulations will allow Canada to target sanctions at individuals engaged in corruption and gross human rights violations. The Regulations include four (4) individuals to the Schedule of the Regulations, who are subject to a broad dealings ban. They are undemocratic public officials who have already attempted, and/or continue to attempt to prevent President Arévalo from fulfilling his mandate.

Selected documents

Related links

Legal advice

Please be advised that Global Affairs Canada cannot provide legal advice to members of the public. For this reason, we cannot deliver an opinion as to whether or not a specific activity or transaction would contravene sanctions legislation. You should consider seeking legal advice in relation to an activity that may contravene a Canadian sanction law.

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Asset freeze Financial prohibitions Recent developments 2024-02-16 - Decree adopted 2024-02-16 - Regulations in force Sanctions related to Guatemala have been enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the gross and systematic violations of human rights and acts of significant corruption have been committed.

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They are under sanction because of their nuclear weapons. This sanction bans their ability to trade weapons and military equipment.

- Halyssa

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Introduction

World powers have pursued economic and financial sanctions on North Korea for more than a dozen years to pressure it to denuclearize. They have also deployed sanctions to punish the regime for cyberattacks, money laundering, and human rights violations.

While these measures have exacted a heavy toll on the North Korean economy, experts say their effectiveness has been undermined by the failure of some countries to enforce them and the willingness of some companies to flout them. Even if the sanctions were tightened, however, many question whether they would achieve the desired outcome.

Why does North Korea face sanctions?

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) has undertaken a broad range of activities over the years that has drawn international condemnation in the form of sanctions. Chief among them are the development of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles.

North Korea's leadership, under successive Kims, considers nuclear weapons the sole means to guarantee its survival. Pyongyang points to U.S. military bases in the region, as well as the war games the United States regularly holds with its allies, as a threat to its existence. The DPRK ratified the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty in 1985 but withdrew in 2003, citing U.S. aggression. It carried out its first nuclear test three years later. Current leader Kim Jong-un sees nuclear weapons as "a military asset, an insurance policy, and a vast source of prestige all in one," write Vincent Brooks and Ho Young Leem, former leaders of the Republic of Korea-U.S. Combined Forces Command, for Foreign Affairs. They say Kim has witnessed governments in Ukraine, Iraq, and Libya be overthrown after giving up their nuclear weapons and that he is determined not to make the same mistake.

Several rounds of bilateral and multilateral negotiations on denuclearization dating back to the 1990s have failed. After the June 2018 meeting in Singapore between U.S. President Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un-the first summit between sitting U.S. and North Korean leaders-the United States suspended a series of high-profile military exercises with South Korea, but the declaration it signed with North Korea did not produce tangible steps for denuclearization or sanctions relief. The leaders' second summit, in February 2019, ended early after the two sides made incompatible demands. Talks have remained stalled since, and Kim has ramped up missile testing, launching more missiles in 2022 than in any prior year. U.S. President Joe Biden and South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol have urged Pyongyang to restart talks, while also pledging to expand joint military drills.

What are the UN sanctions?

The fifteen-member UN Security Council has passed nearly a dozen resolutions, all unanimously, condemning North Korea for its nuclear pursuits and imposing sanctions. Over time, the measures have expanded to

ban the trade of arms and military equipment, dual-use technologies, vehicles, industrial machinery, and metals;

freeze the asset of individuals involved in the country's nuclear program;

ban the import of certain luxury goods;

ban the export of electrical equipment, coal, minerals, seafood and other food and agricultural products, wood, textiles, and stones;

cap North Korean labor exports;

cap imports of oil and refined petroleum products;

ban natural gas imports;

restrict fishing rights;

restrict scientific and technical cooperation with North Korea; and

prohibit UN members from opening North Korean bank accounts and banking offices.

The sanctions regime does allow for humanitarian assistance.

What are the U.S. sanctions?

The United States has imposed unilateral sanctions on North Korea that restrict more economic activities and target a larger list of individuals and businesses than the UN sanctions. They are primarily designed to impede Pyongyang's development of missile and nuclear technology, but some have come in response to North Korean cyberattacks, such as its 2014 breach of Sony's computer systems and 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack; human rights violations; censorship; and money laundering, among other activities. Additionally, the United States has sanctioned banks, companies, and individuals outside North Korea-particularly in China and Russia-for supporting its weapons program. It has also fined companies for violating U.S. export controls.

On several occasions, the United States has partially lifted its sanctions on North Korea in exchange for a promise to freeze its nuclear program and dismantle parts of its facilities. However, Pyongyang has consistently reneged on its pledges.

The U.S. Congress passed its first statute [PDF] imposing sanctions on North Korea in 2016, adding to those that had already been levied by successive presidents. The law requires the president to sanction anyone involved in activities such as the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. An additional piece of legislation, the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA), passed in 2017, imposes further sanctions on North Korea (as well as on Iran and Russia). It prohibits certain types of U.S. assistance to foreign governments that aid North Korea. Also that year, President Trump authorized the Treasury Department to block from the U.S. financial system any foreign business or individual that facilitates trade with North Korea as part of the administration's "maximum pressure" campaign. In 2022, President Biden imposed sanctions on eight North Korean and Russian entities for their involvement in Pyongyang's missile program. The Biden administration has promised partial sanctions relief for each step Pyongyang takes toward denuclearization.

From 1988 to 2008, the United States labeled North Korea a state sponsor of terrorism, an official designation that placed another layer of sanctions on the regime. President George W. Bush removed North Korea from the list as part of denuclearization negotiations, but in 2017, President Trump restored the designation. The move followed the assassination of Kim Jong-un's half-brother in Malaysia and the death of Otto Warmbier, an American student who had been detained in North Korea. The other countries on the list are Cuba, Iran, and Syria.

What other governments impose sanctions on North Korea?

U.S. allies Australia, Japan, and South Korea, as well as the European Union (EU), have sanctioned North Korea beyond the measures imposed by the UN Security Council. Each expanded their sanctions in 2022 in response to North Korea's increased missile testing.

South Korea. Seoul has imposed unilateral sanctions on Pyongyang since 2010. Its latest came in 2017, when it sanctioned twenty organizations and thirty individuals related to North Korea's missile program, mirroring U.S. unilateral sanctions. At the same time, Seoul has provided Pyongyang billions of dollars in aid since the early 1990s through international organizations such as the World Food Program. In 2022, South Korea offered to provide vaccines and other medical supplies to combat COVID-19, but North Korea declined. Some experts argue that such policies by South Korea have diluted the effects of sanctions.

President Yoon has taken a harder stance toward North Korea than his predecessor, Moon Jae-in, who attempted to improve ties by meeting with Kim four times and approving aid disbursements, among other moves. In his inauguration speech, Yoon vowed to maintain sanctions until North Korea takes steps toward "complete and verifiable denuclearization."

Japan. Tokyo has also restricted commercial and diplomatic exchanges with North Korea, imposing sanctions starting in 2006. It lifted some of them in 2014 to induce Pyongyang to investigate the disappearances of Japanese nationals in the 1970s and 1980s. However, North Korea repeatedly postponed responding to the investigations. Twelve Japanese abductees are still missing, but Pyongyang claimed in 2021 that the abduction issue was " already resolved " when Japanese Prime Minister Kishida Fumio pledged to address the situation.

Japan imposed new sanctions in 2016 and 2017 in response to North Korea's nuclear missile testing and extended them in 2019 and 2021. They freeze certain North Korean and Chinese assets, ban bilateral trade with North Korea, restrict the entry of North Korean citizens and ships into Japanese territory, and prohibit remittances worth more than $880. Japan has also played a sanctions monitoring role, tracking North Korean cargo transfers in regional waters. In 2022, Japan sanctioned thirteen organizations and individuals involved in North Korea's missile and nuclear development.

European Union. The EU first introduced sanctions against North Korea in 2006. Its supplemental economic restrictions ban the admission and residency of people who have facilitated North Korea's weapons program, deny North Koreans access to specialized training, prohibit the export of oil and luxury products, ban EU investment across North Korean economic sectors, and cap remittances to the country. The EU expanded its sanctions in 2022, freezing the assets of twelve more individuals and entities.

Australia. Like Japan and the EU, Australia has imposed sanctions since 2006. These sanctions prohibit commercial dealings with the North Korean national airline, Air Koryo; limit business with industries involved in extracting raw materials; ban eighteen sanctioned ships from Australian ports and waterways; and prevent North Koreans from traveling to Australia. They also include targeted sanctions on specific North Korean individuals and companies. Australia expanded sanctions in 2022 to include three additional entities.

What are the challenges associated with sanctions?

Sanctions evasion. The biggest challenge is enforcement, which is the responsibility of individual states. National authorities often have insufficient resources to inspect shipments at ports of entry, carry out complex investigations, and perform other enforcement activities. Some individuals and entities, motivated by financial gain, do business with North Korea outside the law, and smugglers take advantage of lax inspections at ports in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Black market activities often go undetected as shipments elude customs scrutiny and official reporting.

Weak measures. Some foreign policy experts say UN sanctions against North Korea tend to be watered down in order to garner the backing of China and Russia, which, as permanent members of the UN Security Council, have veto power. In 2022, the two countries for the first time vetoed a U.S.-initiated proposal to expand sanctions on North Korea, citing the ineffectiveness of past actions. Both countries fear the possible outcomes of regime change in Pyongyang.

Emboldening Kim. Tougher sanctions could have the opposite of their intended effect and spur North Korea to pursue nuclear advancement with greater insurgency. Kim Jong-un has already conducted more missile and nuclear tests since he took power in 2012 than his father and grandfather combined. Experts say Kim could interpret additional sanctions as a threat to his regime's survival and to take more belligerent actions, such as increasing missile testing. Pyongyang has condemned Washington's push for sanctions as "gangster-like," and shown no interest in engaging in denuclearization talks with the Biden administration.

Futile pursuit. Some foreign policy experts believe that sanctions alone will do little to deter Pyongyang from advancing its nuclear weapons program. Indeed, by mid-2022, it had ramped up missile testing, and analysts believed it was preparing for another nuclear test. North Korea has also secured illicit trading routes, which are mainly linked to China. Through such means, North Korean imports of refined petroleum exceeded the UN-imposed quota of 500,000 barrels by 64,301 barrels in 2021, according to a UN Security Council report [PDF]. The country has also managed to work around export bans on coal, iron, and seafood by illicit means.

Human costs. Sanctions are often felt most by ordinary families, not the elites who are their intended targets. Export restrictions on the textile, fishing, and coal industries and bans on working abroad disproportionately affect North Koreans who depend on these economies. Sanctions also frequently delay and suspend the delivery of international humanitarian aid by complicating customs and other bureaucratic operations. A 2019 UN Security Council report [PDF] found that humanitarian aid to North Korea could take up to ten months to be processed, if it is not blocked altogether. Effective aid delivery is crucial in a country where half of the population is malnourished and one in every five children's growth is stunted.

The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the humanitarian situation. In 2021, trade with China, North Korea's biggest trade partner, dropped 90 percent compared to pre-pandemic levels due to border closures. A 2022 UN Security Council report [PDF] revealed that fifty containers with medicine reached a North Korean seaport in August and September 2021, but months later, they still had not been delivered to their final destinations.

Are more sanctions the answer?

Many policy analysts see only a variety of poor options; none guarantee the denuclearization of North Korea, and some, if unsuccessful, could make matters worse. Many experts say that before new sanctions are considered, the existing ones should be better enforced, including by improving training for authorities inspecting ships in international ports.

Various countries and businesses have been found evading military and financial restrictions. Shipping and trading companies; fuel, mineral, and other national resource exporters; overseas employers of North Korean nationals; and financial services companies have been accused of circumventing sanctions. A 2020 report by the Institute for Science and International Security found that sixty-two countries violated [PDF] UN measures. While some entities purposefully shirk sanctions, others likely do so inadvertently.

Disagreements remain over how to move forward. Some argue that there is room for far tougher sanctions against North Korea and those who profit from transacting with it. Others fear that expanding sanctions against Chinese entities could jeopardize the U.S.-China relationship and undermine bilateral cooperation on issues such as terrorism and climate change.

Still others argue that sanctions will take years to have a meaningful impact, and that any approach to North Korea will require incremental increases in pressure. Experts including CFR's Scott A. Snyder say that sanctions must be implemented in conjunction with other measures, such as diplomacy with Pyongyang and assurances by Washington to its allies in the region.

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What to Know About Sanctions on North Korea

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World powers have pursued economic and financial sanctions on North Korea for more than a dozen years to pressure it to denuclearize. They have also deployed sanctions to punish the regime for cyberattacks, money laundering, and human rights violations.

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In response to Belarus's explicit and systematic violations of human rights and its support for the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine's independence, a severe breach of international peace, security, and discrimination, triggered a serious international crisis, sanctions pertaining to Belarus have been implemented under the Special Economic Measures Act. The regulations forbid any individual within or outside of Canada from engaging in any of the following activities involving property, facilitating any transaction, supplying any money or related assistance, making any goods available to individuals, and providing any financial or other related services for the benefit.

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Setpenkert in ruins as a result of Azerbaijani land and Air assault between late 1991 and mid-1992 the siege was ultimately lifted by Armenian forces, and the Azerbaijani Forces were further pushed on the outskirts of the region. In 1994 a cease-fire was negotiated between the two states, which resulted in a major Armenian victory, however at the price of many civilian and military deaths.  About 30,000 people perished during the  First Nargano  Karabakh War from 1988 to 1994, some of which were a result of major atrocities on both sides including the extrajudicial killings of 200 Azerbiajnis in Khojay in February 1992 by Aerminian Foces. As a result of the conflict, the autonomous state of Astrakah would be established, even though it was not recognized by Aermnia directly which would last from 1994 to 2024. The conflict followed by escalating tensions in the causes in such results form opposite conflicts like the Gerogian Civil War (1991- 1993) and the deadly Chechen Wars  (1994- 2009)  

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In September 2023, Azerbaijani forces Regained full control over the Nagorno Karabakh region as they launched a father incursion into the already majority occupied region inhabited by 99% ethnic Armenians withen the th atmouis Republic of Astrakhan formed in 1994 as a result of Armenia's victory in the first Nagorno Karabakh war between 1988 to 1994 witch resulted in over 3000 deaths on both sides. However during the duration of the states existence it has never been recognized by any state including Armenia, fearing that this would further provoke Azerbaijan into a state of war between the two who have no diplomatic relations between each other. In order to develop a significant understanding of the situation itself, it is signfganctly to look at the geogrphic background and origins of the conflicts itself . Nagorno Karabakh remains a region located within mid-western Azerbaijan, with a population of 150K residents within the region with is capital being that of Khankendi. Although the region remains a integral part of Azerbaijan and recognized as part of Azerbaijan by many UN states, the regions population remains majority Armenian with 99% of the regions population being ethnic Armenian, resulting in escalating tensions between the ethnic Azerbaijanis and the Majority ethnic Armenians, factor resulting the shift in ethnic Armenian culture, heritage, and costumes traces back to early 19th century when the Russian empire acquired control of the region, interpreting pro Orthodox ocustomes heritage and culture as Armenians where seen as superior to this cause, in witch Azerbaijani remained ultimately empty handed or prosecuted ny Tsarist authorities, with the coll[pase of the Russian empire and the outbreak of the Russian Civil war (1917- 1923) Azerbaijan and Armenia declared independence as independent nations in 1918, soon after a war erupted between the two powers over disputed region of Nagorno Karabakh and Naxcivan which lasted two years , but was ultimately subdued due to the red army's invasion of both nations in 1920 in witch they became integrated within the newly formed Soviet Union, this era, saw a further shift of Armenians with the region as the held the majority bases of jursidction over factors such as affairs employment and economic development, especially during the Stalin era. As the the Soviet Union began to dergate on the world stage, general secretary Gorbachev implemented sweeping reforms one such was Glasnost, witch granted openness and freedoms regarding political, social and economic freedoms for the various republics within Union. the Ethnic Armenians of the Nargo Karabakh Region took advantage of these events and implemented a referendum to join the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, with was majority approved, however was denied by the Azerbaijani Soviet Republic. When the USSR collapsed in 1991, the situation was now left as a dispute between the two powers, pro Armenian Separatists and the Armenian government would respond by laying siege to Stepanakert whilst also occupying many towns and villages as full salce skirmishes would start in mid 1992, in 1994 a ceasefire would be negotiated between the two brokord by Russia in the Bishkek protocol, witch granted Armenia full occupation of the region and the establishment of unrecognized and atomic state known as Artsakh which would see majority jurisdiction over the region from 1994 until 2024, whiten the decade that fallowed, only major conflicts would occur between the two sides, witch would be regarded as skirmishes witch would bergareded as ecaslations that would ultimately be diffused over time, However in September of 2020 witch support in arms form Turkey, israel and to a minimal extent Russia and FSA volunteers form syria fighting Assads government , lunched a surprise incursion into the region regaining significant footholds on the regions including the city of Susha, the Second Nagorno Karabakh war would result in a major Azerbaijani victory with another ceasefire being brooked by Russia this time Granting Azerbaijan 73% jurisdiction of the total territory of the region witch are those it captured during the offensive in exchange for Russian peacekeeper's being present in the region . the next three years would see further escalation and decrease in stability as in 2022 major clashes would once again erupt with Armenian spertists and Azerbaijani law enforcement within the area, as spertists where acussied with ambushing and significantly mining towns and cites held by Azerbaijan, in September 2023 president Ilham Aliyev responded by launching a further incursion into the territory this time capture the the capital of Stepanakert, rendering the atomuyis republic of Artsakh powerless with yet another ceasefire brokered by Russa, in the shame mouth Azerbaijani formally regained full control over the region whilst the Atomos Republic of Artsakh would dissolve on an 1, 2024. A significant attribute for as to witch would lead up to condemnation by foreign power, especially those part of the EU was the fact that the conflicts had created a mass exodus of ethnic Armenians form the region as many as 28,000 fled to Armenia proper during the war, whilst Armenia has also accused Azerbaijan of suspected war crimes and crimes against Humanity given the fact of various events such as a explosion at fuel plant witch killed over 200 due to lack in safety mesures,and blockade by Azerbaijan. As a response to these ecalsting events the EU Parliament listed a package of sanctions on Azerbaijani exports on natural gas and il and also Sen actioned companies ran by the Aliyev Family pertuclery against dictator ilham Aliyev was has ruled the nation since his fathers death in 2003 and has father exploded his power to eliminated term limits and suspend human rights including freedom of the press and expression to large extints, the Eu also criticized Aliyev's regime over the continued arbitrary arrest and extrudctional persecution of journalists who report without the approval of the state, sometimes resulting in false allegation's brough up by the judicial system. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20230929IPR06132/nagorno-karabakh-meps-demand-review-of-eu-relations-with-azerbaijan

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Sanctions related to Nicaragua have been enacted under the Special Economic Measures Act in response to the gross and systematic human rights violations that have been committed in Nicaragua.The Regulations prohibit any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada from:

dealing in property, wherever situated, that is owned, held or controlled by listed persons or a person acting on behalf of a listed person;

entering into or facilitating any transaction related to a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

providing any financial or related services in respect of a dealing prohibited by these Regulations;

making available any goods, wherever situated, to a listed person or a person acting on behalf of a listed person; and

providing any financial or other related services to or for the benefit of a listed person.

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On 26 February 2011, acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1970 (2011) imposing sanctions against Libya in response to the situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya involving violence and the use of force against civilians.

Click the link to see more

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Sanctions related to Libya were enacted under the United Nations Act to give effect to United Nations Security Council resolutions. The measures imposed against Libya include:

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On July 30, 2004, acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1556 imposing sanctions against Sudan in response to the humanitarian crisis and widespread human rights violations resulting from the conflict in the Darfur region. On September 23, 2004, the United Nations Sudan Regulations came into force, implementing decisions of the United Nations Security Council into Canadian domestic law.

On April 15, 2023, a direct confrontation began between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a paramilitary force. One year into this conflict, Sudan is grappling with the consequences of this devastating war.

On April 12, 2024, Canada established new sanctions regulations under the Special Economic Measures Act to address the serious conflict in Sudan. These new measures are targeting six individuals and entities for directly or indirectly undermining peace, security, and stability in Sudan, as well as human rights violations. All are also linked with the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) or the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), the main parties in the ongoing conflict in Sudan.

They have these types of sanctions: military embargo, financial prohibitions, asset freeze, and technical assistance prohibition. Their regulations entered into force (SEMA) on April 12th, 2024.

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Sanctions related to Sudan were enacted under the United Nations Act to give effect to United Nations Security Council resolutions. Subject to certain exceptions, the measures imposed against Sudan include:

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UN envoy urges international solidarity with Haiti as gang violence spirals

As gang violence increases in Haiti, the international community must continue to stand in solidarity with the population, the UN Special Representative for the country told the Security Council on Monday.

Speaking from the capital, Port-au-Prince, she said it was impossible to overstate the increase in gang activity in the city and beyond, along with the deterioration of the human rights situation and the deepening of the humanitarian crisis.

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UN envoy urges international solidarity with Haiti as gang violence spirals

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As gang violence increases in Haiti, the international community must continue to stand in solidarity with the population, the UN Special Representative for the country told the Security Council on Monday.

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Fossil fuels and other commodities. On 28 February 2022, Canada banned imports of Russian crude oil. On 8 June, Canada banned services to the Russian oil, mining, gas, and chemical industries.

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Mexico has signed numerous international treaties relating to international legal cooperation on criminal matters, this includes the UN Convention against the illicit traffic of drugs and psychotropic substances of 1998. This is an Act to provide detention in certain cases for the purpose of preventing illicit trafficking of substances. Detention occurs when the police assume control over an individual's movement by a demand or direction, there are various penalties for failure to comply.

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Canada and the United Nations have sanctions on South Sudan as a result of the ongoing humanitarian crisis and widespread human rights violations as a result of an ongoing civil war, this prohibits the trade of arms, petroleum and many other goods, travel is also highly restricted and is reviewed on a case to case basis.

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On July 28, 2003, acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1493 imposing sanctions against the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in response to continuing hostilities in the eastern part of the DRC which were threatening the peace process.

the measures imposed against the DRC include:

a prohibition on the export of arms and related materiel to any person in the territory of the DRC;

a prohibition on the provision, to any person in the DRC, of technical and financial assistance related to military activities;

an assets freeze against persons designated by the UN committee established by Resolution 1533 (2004) to oversee the sanctions against the DRC (the 1533 Committee); and

a travel ban against persons designated by the 1533 Committee.