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José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori
Born: 15 September 1830. Oaxaca City, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Died: 2 July 1915 (aged 84) Paris, France.

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33rd President of Mexico: 1877-1911.

Governor of Oaxaca: 1882 – 1883

Secretary of Development, Colonization and Industry of Mexico: 1880 – 1881

Governor of the Federal Distric t: 1867 – 1867

Political party: Liberal Party
Profession: Military officer, politician.

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Contributions to the country
His period of rule, referred to as the Porfiriato, was marked by great progress and modernization, and the Mexican economy boomed. The benefits were felt by very few, however, as millions of peons toiled endlessly and were treated poorly under his rule.
The Díaz government, like other “progressive dictatorships” in Latin America, worked to promote railroad construction, to force reluctant peasants and indigenous groups to work on rural estates, to repress popular organizing, and in other ways to benefit the dominant elites.

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Curious facts

1. He lost his father at the age of three, who died a victim of the cholera epidemic that attacked the city of Oaxaca.

2. He worked as a shoemaker, a carpenter, a gunsmith, and a Latin teacher to help finance his family.

3. He was a fan of games such as billiards, cards, and bowling.

4. He abandoned his law studies at the Institute of Sciences and Arts of Oaxaca to fight in defense of the Plan of Ayutla.

5. During his government (1876-1911) he created the National University and promoted the construction of the Palace of Fine Arts, in addition to the design of colonies such as Guerrero, Vallejo, Santa María la Ribera, Roma, and Juárez.

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Was born on June 5, 1878, in La Coyotada and was assassinated on July 20, 1923, in Parral.

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When the Mexican Revolution broke out against Porfirio Díaz, he placed himself under the orders of Francisco I. Madero. He was a good guerrilla leader, he incorporated day laborers and small settlers who had been dispossessed of their land into his troops and participated in several combats against the federal government. In the Madero administration he was under the command of General Victoriano Huerta, he was sentenced to death for insubordination. He escaped to the United States and returned after Madero's assassination and Huerta's rise to power in 1913, joining the Constitutionalist Army created by Venustiano Carranza.
He took control of the state of Chihuahua and formed the Northern Division. He entered Mexico City in November 1914, after rejecting Carranza's authority. He suffered a strong defeat in Celaya against General Obregón, so he went to the state of Chihuahua, seized properties of large landowners. On March 9, 1916, he crossed the border and attacked Colón.
When Carranza was overthrown in 1920, Adolfo de la Huerta invited him to lay down his arms. He retired to live in his Hacienda de Canutillo, in Durango. On July 20, 1923, he was ambushed in Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua, where he was shot to death along with Colonel Miguel Trujillo inside his car. In 1976 his mortal remains were transferred to the Monument to the Revolution.

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- He was an illiterate person.
- He hated alcohol.
- He shared the presidential chair of Mexico with Emiliano Zapata.

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Was born on March 23, 1845 in Colotlán, Jalisco, Mexico and died on January 13, 1916 in El Paso, Texas, United States.

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In 1902 he was promoted by Porfirio Díaz to Brigadier General. Madero appointed him military governor in 1913, he joined the rebels against him and ordered him to learn along with the vice president, forcing them to resign.
When Madero and Pino Suárez died, Huerta became provisional president. Huerta dissolved Congress, launched his candidacy, and was elected president at the end of 1913.
The United States confronted the Huerta regime; the incident of the apprehension of the crew members of an American ship, together with the pressure of groups opposed to his dictatorial regime and the triumphant revolution led by Venustiano Carranza, forced him to resign in July 1914.

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- Although he was only 15 years old, and still literate, Victoriano offered to join the army when Donato Guerra visited his hometown and began looking for a private secretary.
- Victoriano met President Benito Juárez when he was still in military school.
- For his outstanding grades, Porfirio Díaz personally gave him an award and said the famous phrase "From the Indians who are educated like you, the country expects a lot".

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Francisco Ignacio Madero González was born on October 30, 1873 in Parras de la Fuente and died on February 22, 1913 in Mexico City.

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Role during the Mexican Revolution and Contributions to the country.
Madero, was a Mexican businessman, writer, philanthropist and politician who served as President of Mexico from November 6, 1911 to February 19, 1913 (during the Mexican revolution). He successfully ousted the dictator Porfirio Díaz by temporarily unifying various democratic and anti-Díaz forces. His administration, nevertheless, culminated in personal and national disaster. Handicapped by political inexperience and excessively optimistic idealism, he failed to recognize that many of his supporters had other ends in mind. In spite of Madero’s personal honesty, Mexico had another thoroughly corrupt administration. More seriously, in his preoccupation with fostering democratic institutions, Madero was attacked both by the entrenched supporters of the old regime who opposed any change and by revolutionary elements who were insistent on far-reaching social and economic reforms. He also had to contend with the hostility of a conservative press, the harassment of the U.S. ambassador, Henry Lane Wilson, and a series of armed rebellions.

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Curious facts

1. He was president of Mexico for a very short time.

2. He delves into spiritualist doctrine.

3. He founded several political parties.

4. He published a book criticizing the doctrine of Porfirio Díaz.

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José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, born Dec. 29, 1859, Cuatro Ciénegas, died May 20, 1920, Tlaxcalantongo. a leader in the Mexican civil war following the overthrow of the dictator Porfirio Díaz. Carranza became the first president of the new Mexican republic. A moderate who was tainted by his association with Díaz and his alliance with newer forces of economic exploitation, Carranza opposed the sweeping changes that followed the revolution.

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The son of a landowner, Carranza became active in local and state politics in 1877. In 1910, as governor of Coahuila, he joined the struggle of Francisco Madero against Díaz and in 1913 led the forces against Victoriano Huerta, who had assassinated Madero. After Huerta fled in 1914, Carranza’s Constitutionalist Army began to splinter. Rebels under the leadership of Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata opposed his provisional government, demanding immediate social reforms. He secured his position as provisional president, however, when his army, led by Gen. Álvaro Obregón, defeated the forces of Villa at Celaya in April 1915.

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Emiliano Zapata Salazar (Anenecuilco, Morelos, August 8, 1879-Chinameca, Morelos, April 10, 1919), also known as El Caudillo del Sur or El Atila del Sur, was a Mexican peasant and military man who participated in the Mexican Revolution. as commander of the Liberation Army of the South. Zapata positioned himself as one of the main revolutionary leaders from the presidency of Francisco I. Madero in 1911, until his assassination by order of Venustiano Carranza in 1919. He is considered a symbol of peasant struggle and resistance in Mexico.

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1. Emiliano Zapata Salazar’s mother, cleofas Salazar, died when he was 16 years old, and 11 monthes later his father, Gabriel Zapata, died.

2. Zapata was missing the little finger of his right hand, it is believed that he lost it in a charreada

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Isabel Cristina Cardozo Agüero.
Pilar Sarahí Martínez Loya.
José Miguel Negroe Garza.
Andrea Marian Torres Montemayor.

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Alvaro Obregon Salido (Hacienda siquisiva, Navojoa, Sonora; February 19, 1880-San Angel, Federal District; July 17, 1928), known as Alvaro Obregon, was a Mexican soldier and politician who served as President of Mexico. from December 1, 1920 to November 30, 1924.2 He was a prominent figure of the of the Mexican Revolution fighting on the side of Venustiano Carranza. After the fall of the Díaz government, and the revolutionary impetus arrived in Sonora, José Obregón was appointed interim mayor of Huatabampo in June 1911.

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1. Adolfo de la Huerta used to sing opera. It is said that during the Mexican Revolution, the tenor used to sing to the soldiers to relax them.

2. On one occasion, Antonio López de Santa Anna met with Thomas Adams to sell him a shipment of chewing gum to make tires and boots. When Adams remembered that Santa Anna loved to chew it, he added sugar to it, creating the chewing gum empire? in 1876.

3. It is said that Maximilian of Habsburg hugged and gave a gold coin to each soldier who shot him on May 15, 1867. His last words were: "Long live Mexico!"