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Vice President Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic-Republican Party defeated incumbent President John Adams of the Federalist Party. Thomas Jefferson had big plans for the country and later lead the Louisiana purchase, causing conflict with Natives

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Thomas Jefferson wanted to expand the land and negotiated with France to purchase the Louisiana territory for $15million dollars (west of the Mississippi river). As a result, this doubled the United States nation. This was not a permanent fix, which led to the civil war.

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The Exploration of the Louisiana Purchase 1804-1806

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The Exploration of the Louisiana Purchase 1804-1806

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After the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was made, Jefferson initiated an exploration of the newly purchased land and the territory beyond the "great rock mountains" in the West. He chose Meriwether Lewis to lead an expedition, who in turn solicited the help of William Clark. Native Americans were not happy bout their land being taken, causing wars and conflict between new land.

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This was the year Corps Of Discovery, including Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, and 4 dozen other men, went to take a journey to try and find the northwestern water route to the Pacific and also create a relationship with the Indians to expand the fur trade. That being said, Lewis and Clark settled down in a tribe they came across called "Big Hidatsa village" and hired Toussaint Charbonneau after learning his wife, sacagawea, spoke Shoshone and settled there for a year.

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The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was a conflict fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against Great Britain and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the US declared war on 18 June 1812 and although peace terms were agreed in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent.  The war allowed the United States to rewrite its boundaries with Spain and solidify control over the lower Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. It also threw America into a spiral of loss of money, which was crucial. Many people were laid off from jobs and the Slave Trade went up, this angered many people.

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The Panic of 1819 and the accompanying Banking Crisis of 1819 were economic crises in the United States of America principally caused by the end of years of warfare between France and Great Britain. These two nations had been at war with each other since the 1680s. They finally settled their differences in 1815. They edged the slave trade to continue so that the U.S Government could make money. Many were upset and rebelled.

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Alabama and Illinois joined the union, Alabaman became a slave state and Illinois became a free state. Missouri applied to be a slave state, this started a debate between the north and the south. The northerner's point of view is that most of Missouri is the northern territory, but the southerner's point of view is that congress doesn't have the right to keep slaveholders from keeping slaves and that they are saying they are trying to end slavery altogether. Main became a free state, which is most of Massachusetts. The Congresses solution to this problem was putting a line through the united states of America. Sill wasn't a permanent fix that led to the civil war, this created violence between the north and south.

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In the 1820s and 1830s, a market revolution was transforming American business and global trade. Factories and mass production increasingly displaced independent artisans. Farms grew and produced goods for distant, not local, markets, shipping them via inexpensive transportation like the Erie Canal. This gave America the chance to urbanize and grow its population. Giving people more jobs to feed their families. The revolution also left people starved for power, so they made problems to take control of.

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In August 1831 a slave named Nat turner spread a violent uprise across plantations in southern Virginia. Nat Turner and 70 other cohorts approximately killed 60 white people, which suspended the rebellion the deployment of militia infantry two days after this incite. After this had happened 55 slaves including Nat turner were tried and executed for the role in the violent acts that took place. Small-scale uprisings were common in the south of America, but Nat turner was the bloodiest and most graphic. After this had happened, Virginia Lawmakers had taken away any rights slaves and/or free black people had, which included, Education and the right to assemble. The violence that took place led to the civil war. This uprising made people angry, sad, and just upset in genral.

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Texas Revolution also called the War of Texas Independence, was fought from October 1835 to April 1836 between Mexico and Texas colonists that resulted in Texas’s independence from Mexico and the founding of the Republic of Texas. The most immediate cause of the Texas Revolution was the refusal of many Texas, both Anglo and Mexican, to accept the governmental changes mandated by "Siete Leyes" which placed almost total power in the hands of the Mexican national government. This key event gave Texas its freedom from Mexico, leaving it as a free state to do whatever it pleased. Texas, unfortunately, played a big role in the Mexican-American War.

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The Oregon Territory was valuable to both the U.S. and Britain. At first, the territory was split among both nations. Drawn by the Willamette Valley and its vast resources, settlers moved west to the Oregon territory. The Oregon Treaty was one of the first successes of Manifest Destiny. Many states wanted the territory and raised hell for it.

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The Wilmot Proviso was a piece of legislation proposed by David Wilmot (D-FS-R PA) at the close of the Mexican-American War. If his proposal was passed then, proviso would have outlawed slavery in territory acquired by the United States as a result of the war, which included most of the Southwest and extended all the way to California. Wilmot spent two years fighting for his plan. He tried to offer it as a rider on existing bills, introduce it to congress, and even tried to attach it to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which brought an official end to the Mexican-American War. All his attempts had failed. The intensity of the debate surrounding the Proviso prompted the first serious discussions of secession. This First session lead to civil because it prohibited the expansion of slavery into any territory acquired by the United States from Mexico as a result of the Mexican-American War settlement.

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The Fugitive Slave Acts were a pair of federal laws that allowed for the capture and return of runaway enslaved people within the territory of the United States. The first Fugitive Slave Act authorized local governments to seize and return escapees to their owners and imposed penalties on anyone who aided in their flight. Tensions between the North and South quickly increased, leading to the eventual secession of the South and the ensuing Civil War.

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Harriet Beecher Stowe’s fictional exploration of slave life was a cultural sensation.  Northerners felt as if their eyes had been opened to the horrors of slavery by the book, while Southerners protested that Stowe’s work was slanderous.  Uncle Tom’s Cabin was the second-best-selling book in America in the 19th century, second only to the Bible.  Its popularity brought the issue of slavery to life for those few who remained unmoved from the book, after decades of legislative conflict and widened the division between North and South which lead to the civil war. Also, by the mid-1850s, the Republican Party had helped prevent slavery from spreading throughout the union. The abolitionist sentiment was fueled by the release of Uncle Tom's Cabin helped usher Abraham Lincoln into office after the election of 1860 and in which how Uncle Tom's cabins contributed to the civil war.

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The Gadsden Purchase is a roughly 30,000 square-mile region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that was acquired by the United States in a treaty signed by American ambassador to Mexico James Gadsden. The Gadsden Purchase, or Treaty, was an agreement between the United States and Mexico, finalized in 1854, in which the United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico. The transaction with Mexico was controversial, and it intensified the simmering conflict over enslavement and helped to inflame the regional differences that eventually led to the Civil War

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Congress wanted to put a railroad through indian territory, this made the tribes in this territory mad because this railroad would take away the place they live in. The tribes saw this to be unfair. Congress couldn't keep letting certain states vote on slave states and free states, so Southerners and Northerners both rushed into Kansas and used violence to express their words. In the north where people believed slavery was wrong, made a movement called the "Abolition Movement", and so did the southerners, who called their movement "popular sovereignty". Eventually, two governments were created in Kansas. 2 Days later a man named John brown killed 5 men, he and his 3 sons dragged out 5 southerners and hacked them with their swords.

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Dred Scott Loses His Case to Be Free 1857

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Dred Scott Loses His Case to Be Free 1857

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Dred had lost his case, auguring that he is still being held captive as a slave in a free slave state. The supreme court had seen that he did not have the right to be free because he didn't hold any property. The case went further by him stating that even though his slave owner had taken him to a free slave state under the jurisdiction of his slave owner, he still was in a free slave state and had the right to be free, but the supreme court believed otherwise. This case had led black activists to fight against enslavement, which led to the civil war.

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While bleeding kansas was happening, john brow lead a small group containing 17 people, including 5 black members.  to raid the arsenal located in Harper's Ferry, Virginia. His goal was to cause an uprising led by enslaved people using captured weapons. After him and his group that he led  had captured serval buildings, they had been surrounded and eventually killed or captured by troops led by Col. Robert E. Lee. Brown later had been tried and hanged for treason, This event added more to the Black activist movement that helped lead to the civil war.

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Abraham Lincoln was elected by a considerable margin in 1860 despite not being included in many Southern ballots.  As a Republican, his party’s anti-slavery outlook struck fear into many Southerners. On December 20, 1860, a month after the polls closed, South Carolina seceded from the Union.  Six more states followed by the spring of 1861, which were, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas–and the threat of secession by four more—Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Abraham Lincoln's election lead to the civil war because he refused to accept any resolution that would result in Southern secession from the Union.

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Kansas Voters Reject the Lecompton Constitution 1858

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Kansas Voters Reject the Lecompton Constitution 1858

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After the Kansas act had passed, Kansas determined if the state was a free slave state or slave practiced. In 1857, the Lecompton Constitution was created, allowing for Kansas to be a state that practiced enslavement. The president at the time, President James Buchanan attempted to push the Constitution through the U.S. Congress for acceptance. There was enough opposition that in 1858 it was sent back to Kansas for a vote, it was up to Kansas to vote whether Kansas stays a slave state to a free slave state. Kansas voters rejected the Constitution and became a free state. By Kansas becoming a free state, it had made people angry, the people who wanted to enslave people.