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It was the Union capital during the Civil War. I was home for the United States Government and served as a base for operations for the Union army during the war. It was one of the major American cities to be constructed in a grid system. When the Civil War began, newly elected President Abraham Lincoln was only 40 days into his term as President. Throughout the war, Washington saw an increase in population. Congress passed the 13th Amendment to the Constitution , abolishing slavery in all states present and fututu n January 1865, eventually ending slavery that plagued the United states since its inception. Towards the end of the war, water supply was low so they built an aqueduct to accommodate the people's need for water etc. At the end of the War, Washington was a sprawling city that became a major city on the eastern coast of the United States.

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Jefferson Davis' home state

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Abraham Lincoln's home state

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Second Capital of the Confederacy

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Manhattan, New York

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Appomattox Court House National Historical Park, National Park Drive, Appomattox, VA, USA

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Appomattox Court House National Historical Park, National Park Drive, Appomattox, VA, USA

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Appomattox Court House National Historical Park, National Park Drive, Appomattox, VA, USA

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General Lee’s army came from Petersburg on April 2, 1865 with the Union army still in pursuit. The Confederatees finally made it to Appomattox Court House and were found surrounded, as General Grant sent Lee a note to surrender 5 days later. On April 9, General Lee had no options left so he met General Grant in the town of Appomattox Court House. General Grant addressed General Lee with peace and Lee requested that their weapons remained in their ownership and General Grant graciously accepted his request. General Grant also provided food for the starving Confederates and they both parted their ways, ending the brutal war.

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The city struggled with their economy due to intense sea blockades. Fort Pulaski was invaded by the Union in 1862, which led to the fall of Savannah when General William Tecumseh Sherman burned the whole town in “March to the Sea”. This location was important because it was given to President Lincoln on December 22, 1864 as a Christmas present.

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This was the capital of the Confederate states and also the capital of Virginia. This was a significant location during the Civil War because it served as a housing center for military hospitals, prisons, and rail & industry. It also served as a safety route for Confederates seeking professions during the Civil War. Overall, this location was a necessity for the Confederates as it supplied weapons to use during the Civil War.

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The Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30-May 6, 1863) was a huge victory for the Confederacy and General Robert E. Lee during the Civil War, though it is also famous for being the battle in which Confederate General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was mortally wounded.

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The Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865. The Battle of Fredericksburg in 1862 was one of the most significant battles of the war. It was a battle with many Union casualties, the largest river crossing of the war, and it also acted as a boost for the Confederate hopes of victory.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The 47-day siege gave control of the Mississippi River to the Union, a critical supply line, and was part of the Union's Anaconda Plan to cut off outside trade to the Confederacy.culmination of a long land and naval campaign by Union forces to capture a key strategic position during the American Civil War. President Abraham Lincoln recognized the significance of the town situated on a 200-foot bluff above the Mississippi River.

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The First Manassas or Bull Run resulted in thousands of lives lost and is referred to as the first major land battle of the American Civil war. It was also highly crucial as two inexperienced armies fought on the battlefield for the first time.The Confederate victory gave the South a surge of confidence and shocked many in the North, who realized the war would not be won as easily as they had hoped.

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Original Capital of the Confederacy

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Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina

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Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island

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South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas

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Delaware (Union), Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri

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South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas

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This was a Union victory during 1863 that occurred near eastern Tennessee and Northern Georgia. General William Rosecrans (Union) and General Bragg’s (Confederate) armies met at Chickamauga, which means “river of death” to the Cherokees after winning Chattanooga. The battle from September 19-20 resulted in the Union forces retreating into Chattanooga while the Confederates guarded Chickamauga. The Union released their federal troops on November 24 and 25 forcing the Confederates out from Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge obtaining east Tennessee and forcing the South to a loss.

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The Union was led by David Farragut to a naval victory in New Orleans. Farragut ordered warships to pass Confederate forts eventuallying taking control of the biggest Confederate city. General Benjamin F Butler was the military governor of New Orleans once New Orleans was seized by the Union, he hung any Confederates who were in denial of the Union’s new state. This was significant because the Confederate lost the thier trading grounds down the Mississippi River which was essential for the cotton that stabilized their growing economy. The Confederates also lost cotton plantation and slaves which where found in Mississippi Valley.

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Occured between the Union and Confederate on April 19, 1861. This took place a week after the occurrence of Fort Sumter, so the Massachusetts Infantry was on their way to Washington DC. They were attempting to protect the capital due to Southern armies gathering near the Potomac River. The southerners of Baltimore were angry at these federal troops so they threw rocks and bottles at them, then gunshots fired. This was significant because the song “Maryland, My Maryland” was influenced by the riot which was then sung by General Lee’s Confederate troops in the Antietam Campaign of 1862.

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Pittsburg Landing, Shiloh, Tennessee, USA

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Pittsburg Landing, Shiloh, Tennessee, USA

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Pittsburg Landing, Shiloh, Tennessee, USA

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The Confederate army headed southward after they were defeated in Kentucky and Tennessee in an attempt to protect the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. General Albert Sydney Johnston (Confederate) led an attack on the Union while General Grant (Union) revealed his 42,000 troops stationed between Lick and Snake Creeks to General Johnston. The Confederates attacked on Sunday April 6 while General Grant’s men were still sleeping. Though this counted as a leading victory for the Confederates, Johnston was shot and died that very day. The Union saw this as a way to improve so General WIlliam T. Sherman visited Grant, encouraging him to get revenge on the confederates. General Grant did so aiming to end the war through complete conquest.

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Robert E. Lee (Confederate) planned on forcing the Union army stationed in northern Virginia to leave so that there wasn’t much pressure on Richmond. He would do this by consuming Maryland while also gaining recognition from Britain and France of the Confederacy to gain military supplies. Lee also wished to gain Confederate soldiers from Maryland so he and his troops anxiously marched north into Western Maryland. The Battle of Antietam took place on September 17, 1862 in Sharpsburg. However, one of Lee’s messengers dropped the battle plans on the ground and Union soldiers discovered them, giving McClellan a chance to move his men to destroy Lee’s Northern Virginia army while they were scattered. However, McClellan moved too slow and Lee was able to restore his army at Sharpsburg. For fourteen years the Union attacked but the Confederates were able to flee to Virginia across the Potomac River. This was a victory for the Union because they prevented the Confederates from invading Maryland, destroyed the Confederates hopes of allying with Britain and France, and resulted in Lincoln freeing the slaves in the Confederate states.

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Although the raid failed, it inflamed sectional tensions and raised the stakes for the 1860 presidential election. Brown's raid helped make any further accommodation between North and South nearly impossible and thus became an important impetus of the Civil War. He attempted to use the town and the weapons in its Federal Armory  as the base for a slave revolt, to expand south into the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia.

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Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina, USA

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Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina, USA

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Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina, USA

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Started the war of the Union and triggered a wave of Patriotic issue on both sides. cost the lives of more than 620,000 Americans, and freed 3.9 million enslaved people from bondage.Union major Robert Anderson surrendered Fort Sumter to Brig. Gen. P.G.T Beauregard’s Confederate forces. Major Anderson and his men were allowed to strike their colors, fire a 100-gun salute, and board a ship bound for New York, where they were greeted as heroes. Both the North and South immediately called for volunteers to mobilize for war.

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The Potomac River was the border between the Union and the Confederacy. During the war, the Potomac was are large used for transport. The river was used both strategically and tactically.

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Some historians believe the Rappahannock may have served as a possible boundary between the North and the South during the Civil War.  it effectively functioned as the boundary of the eastern theater of the war, between the "North" (the Union) and the "South" (the Confederate States of America).It is certain that it was the site of early settlements in the Virginia Colony and was later a volatile battle theater during the Civil War.

Done by: Kaylin M.

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James River was consider to be a to the south of the Union land forces. The Union also used the river as an aveune of attack. They often needed to defend the river from Confederate forces.

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During the civil war access to the chesapeake bay was important because it meant you had access to recieve shipped goods and transport troops quicker. The river was used as a strategic location for both sides of the war. One of the biggest battles fought on the Chesapeake was Monitor

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA, USA

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA, USA

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA, USA

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The Battle of Gettysburg marked the turning point of the Civil War with more than 50,000 estimated casualties. A union cavalry man who sensed the importance  of the coming  battle, yelled at the soldiers from New York and Pennsylvania. A portion of the Gettysburg battlefield becomes a final resting place for the Union dead.

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In 1865 Montgomery was captured by the confederates and became the capital for the Confederacy. Montgomery is now called the cradle of confederacy because it was  the original capitol. During the Civil there were 78 battle fought in Alabama.

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After sailing from Cairo, Illinois to Paducah,Kentucky then went up the Tennessee River and invaded Fort Henry in Tennessee on February. After, General Grant moved his forces over land to make an attack on Fort Donelson on Feb 16 forcing 12,000 confederates to surrender. This was a success invasion for the union.

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Ohio River was the epicenter of a major global war. The French wanted to control the American Indian trade in the Ohio River Valley and keep the Pennsylvania traders out. It linked their Great Lakes claims with their settlements along the Mississippi River.

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Kentucky was a border state with a split population of confederates and union supporters. In the west General Ulysses S. Grant led his union army to the confederate army in Kentucky. He did this by sailing from Cairo, Illinois to Paducah. Kentucky was were Lincoln made his strategies and held confederate prisoners.

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For the confederates used the Mississippi for supplies and transportation. For the union the riveter was a huge part of their war strategy called the Anaconda Plan. The Mississippi was a very convenient invasion route.