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The Reflection of (Edupreneurship.) module

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The Reflection of (Edupreneurship.) module

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Learning Diary of Edupreneurship.

By: Hoshmen Murad Mohamedyusf

(Edupreneurship), the fourth module that contained (3) three themes, and they were:

-Theme one (Market Oriented Education).

-Theme two (Intellectual Capital and Innovation Management).

-Theme three (Leadership and Interpersonal skills).

Although the themes was not arranged and sorted according to the sessions.  But I’d like to describe the subjects according to the sort of themes.

In this Module we were learned the mean and the goals of (Edupreneurship). Both teacher (Dr.Karwan Ali and and M.Miran Hamarahim) explained the importance of the module and more information about (Market Oriented Education, Intellectual Capital and Innovation Management, Leadership and Interpersonal skills)

Theme one (Market Oriented Education).

Market orientation

Market orientation is described as a coordinated campaign between the customer and the supplier. The business entities who have adopted this structure have centered their activities at satisfying the customers.

Advantages of market orientation

1.   It is the customers that help the business to thrive and grow. The market orientation helps the company to attract further customers as the products are in sync with the demand and needs of its customers.

2.   A customer-centric approach helps to avoid wasted resources as the company is already aware of the needs and wants of its customers.

3.   The market orientation approach helps the business entity in garnering assured profits through credible sales figures

4.   The business entities that have adopted market orientation recognize that customer has now become the driving force behind strategies and have created specific products that will meet their approval. It has increased customer satisfaction and achieved its loyalty

5.   The market orientation approach has increased the volume.

Disadvantages of market orientation

The disadvantages of market orientation are as follows:

1.   The market-oriented companies are more concerned about meeting the desires of their customers than creating a new and innovative product. It lacks motivation and thus loses sight of potential innovative breakthroughs.

2.   It is not easy to create and target campaigns that can meet the demand of all its customers

3.   Market Research is a costly business and has a direct impact on the revenues

4.   Without ant product differentiation becomes difficult to stand its ground in the face of competitive rivals

5.   Consumer want is not a fixed thing as it can change with the drop of a hat. A business entity might find it hard to keep up with those ever-changing needs and wants.

Market Oriented Education

Market Oriented Education is relationship between education and marketing. Market Oriented in the universities may become a big factor for students to take an opportunity to have an independent job based on project based learning. Also the university can have a chance of t have a its earning and to get a benefit.

One of the significant contributions of this study is the development of a conceptual framework for the analysis of market orientation in education. At the core of this framework is essentially choice.

Entrepreneurship is a valid model in economy described in terms of changes, innovation,  and  initiatives and often associated with economic development Entrepreneurs are visionary people who dream to new technologies and products and act to make them real. They are risk takers searching for opportunities on the market that would allow them to make profit.

I think edupreneurs is one of the most important stewards of learning as an economic resource. Among the various entities that serve the vitally important but often under-appreciated third sector of education, they are the most likely to have the agility, flexibility, and creativity needed to meet rapidly evolving learning needs across our global economy.

Entrepreneurial skills combine a range of technical, management and personal skills. As such, there is no established, simple definition of the entrepreneurial skillset.

There are some Entrepreneurial skills:

·        Entrepreneurial Problem-solving:

Entrepreneurial Problem-solving is a basic skill that every entrepreneur should have. It is the process of using innovation and creative solutions to close that gap by resolving societal, business, educational or technological problems. Sometimes, you solve problems without really thinking too much about it. When you are a businessperson, developing problem-solving skills is an important responsibility. Furthermore, creative problem-solving in entrepreneurship is one of the vital keys to business success.

Hence, every success-oriented entrepreneur should be a passionate problem-solver. When it comes to problem-solving, each situation is different and therefore requires a different approach each time. Creativity entails allowing your mind to wander and dig deep into the problems at hand, going beyond the surface and using your critical thinking problem-solving skills to analyze each issue.

·        Creativity

Lateral thinking is the ability to think outside the box. We asserted in an article post about the different types of entrepreneurs that there are innovators and imitators.

Imitators have a one-dimensional view of life and tend to think that solutions to one problem will work for everything. Innovators, on the other hand, believe in thinking differently about problems.

It has to do with asking several questions about the issue and making solid conclusions that lead to good solutions.

·        Critical thinking

It is the process of taking your time to digest the issue at hand logically before making a judgment. Using this skill, you will analyze all the factors that are related to the problem and come up with a suitable and satisfactory conclusion.

This Entrepreneurial skill is especially important in business when making decisions related to finances, legal issues, and employees.

Characteristics of an Entrepreneur

• Motivator

• Self confident

• Problem solver

• Initiator • Risk taker

• Goal setter

• Long term involvement

• Communication ability

• Technical knowledge

• Human resource ability

• Decision maker

• Adaptability

Characteristics of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneur person should have some situation and Characteristics to be a successful Entrepreneur, actually Education is one of the important factor to have the chance of being entrepreneur, then also Family environment is an effective factor to make a creative person. There are some another characteristics of being entrepreneurial like( Age, Working history, Family contacts, Professional contacts, Personal values, Lifestyle …etc.)

Building an entrepreneurship framework with having cultural, political and country circumstances in mind will brings creative idea into reality and provides opportunists for youngsters to develop themselves and even the community as well.

Entrepreneurship parts:

·        Idea

·        Market Research

·        Prototyping

·        Production

Theme two(Intellectual Capital).

Intellectual capital refers to the value of a company’s collective knowledge and resources that can provide it with some form of economic benefit. It’s also used to identify a firm’s intangible assets and divide them into meaningful categories.

1. Human Capital

Human capital is basically a measure of the education, skills, and other production attributes of a human resource that can influence its productivity and potential. It is the umbrella term for the skills, education, experience, and value of an organization’s workforce. It’s the know-how and expertise of individuals within a company, which can bring the company value. An organization’s human capital also shows how effectively management uses resources to help employees achieve their potential.

2. Relational Capital

Relational capital consists of all the valuable relationships that an organization maintains with customers, suppliers, partners, clients, and other external entities. It also encompasses brand names, reputation, and trademarks that a company owns.

3. Structural Capital

Structural capital is the organization, process, and innovation capital that supports an organization’s human and relational capital. It includes culture, processes, databases, intellectual property (IP), non-physical infrastructure, hierarchy, and more. It refers to the knowledge and value that belongs to an organization’s structure and processes.

Theme three (Leadership and Interpersonal skills).

Verbal communication:

Verbal communication is any communication that uses words to share information with others. These words may be both spoken and written. It is the use of words to share information with other people. It can therefore include both spoken and written communication.

Verbal communication include sounds, words, language, and speech. Speaking is an effective way of communicating and helps in expressing our emotions in words. This form of communication is further classified into four types, which are:

1. Intrapersonal Communication

This form of communication is extremely private and restricted to ourselves. It includes the silent conversations we have with ourselves, wherein we juggle roles between the sender and receiver who are processing our thoughts and actions. This process of communication when analyzed can either be conveyed verbally to someone or stay confined as thoughts.

2. Interpersonal Communication

This form of communication takes place between two individuals and is thus a one-on-one conversation. Here, the two individuals involved will swap their roles of sender and receiver in order to communicate in a clearer manner.

3. Small Group Communication

This type of communication can take place only when there are more than two people involved. Here the number of people will be small enough to allow each participant to interact and converse with the rest. Press conferences, board meetings, and team meetings are examples of group communication. Unless a specific issue is being discussed, small group discussions can become chaotic and difficult to interpret by everybody. This lag in understanding information completely can result in miscommunication.

4. Public Communication

This type of communication takes place when one individual addresses a large gathering of people. Election campaigns and public speeches are example of this type of communication. In such cases, there is usually a single sender of information and several receivers who are being addressed.

Hoshmen Morad Mohammed

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 IPAT Learning Diary(1st Theme/ Teaching Methods)

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 IPAT Learning Diary(1st Theme/ Teaching Methods)

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By: Hoshmen Murad

First Session:
The third Module of Pedagogy course was (Innovative Pedagogy and Assessment Tools), It was started on 28-06-2021, the first session of (IPAT) Module started with two stimulant and election question, the first question was (what does pedagogy mean to you?), there were three option to choose as the answer by students(art of teaching., teaching Methods and  environment of the teaching). Each student answered the first question by individual, really my answer was(environment of the teaching) which the least of students(about 6%) had the same answer. second question was (What would you expect to learn from innovative pedagogy & assessment module?), the answers and the expectations  were different. After that the a debate were occur among teachers. In this session we were learned the mean and the goals of pedagogy.  Both teacher (Mr.Miran and Dr Karwan) explained the importance of pedagogy and some information about the assessment tools for beginners, I think we were learned some important points about the new system of learning, but there were some conflict points between the opinion of Dr.Karwan and the previous lecturers (Mr. Stam and Ms. Shiraz), therefore I asked(Dr. Karwan ) to give declaration about that.

We were learned that, There are different types of assessment in education. All assessment methods have different purposes during and after instruction. This session told us what types of assessment are most important during developing and implementing your instruction.

Second Session:
The second session was started with the 21st‘s century skills, all learners shared their knowledge about the skills beside of their specialty. Mr.Miran asked learners to write down their opinion.

In the second Session we Learned so much about skills of learners, like learning skills, which can include(Critical thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, communication) skills, and also there are literacy skills like(Information literacy, Media literacy, technology literacy), the final skills were Life skills(Flexiblity, Leadership, initiative..etc)

Mr Miran shows a pyramid to illustrate the effects of the learning approaches, the pyramids proved that the lecturing has less effect to learn and the practice of lecture has more effect for learning students.,  Also the learners discussed about Theoretical learning and practical learning, both are equally important. It is necessary to understand both the ends of the spectrum. It takes hours to acquire the art of practical techniques,
Theoretical knowledge means learning anything without adopting practical approach. Theory teaches you the experience of others. Theoretical knowledge can give you a deeper understanding of a concept through seeing it in the context of understanding the why behind it.

Third Session:
In this session we learned and discussed the learning methods, initially Mr Miran explained common learning methods, like (Seminar, Workshops, Lecturing, Writing assignments, Field work … etc).. Mr Miran talked about how to make a workshop, Workshops and seminars help a person to develop a new skill set for a better future. Seminars, workshops, and conferences hold great importance in the life of a student. They are platforms not only to learn new aspects, others' perspectives, and the latest information, but also a good way of networking.

In this Session Mr. Miran gave us an assignment to prepare a poster on two methods, among a list of 150 methods by groups.

Fourth Session:
In this session the groups presented the posters, each group prepared two posters, and presented one of them. were able to try new ways of teaching in different orientations through the examples that were presented, most of which were very interactive .  Our group had chosen the (Model and Student reports) methods. I learned a lot about these methods..

And the methods that other groups presented were(Flash cards, Class discussion conducted, Debates, Lecture ,Problem solving …etc. We share our opinion on the methods and their differences, advantages and disadvantages. Actually we got more knowledge about the methods,

In the poster we tried to answer four questions that Mr Miran asked to reply them. The first question was on the definition of methods that I want to focus on it.

Models: is a 3D representation of a person, thing, or of a proposed structure, typically on

a smaller scale than the original.

According to Filburt  Highet, “It is a set of inter-related components arranged in a sequence which provide guidance to realize specific goals.

Student Reports: is a specific piece of writing. It needs to be short as it is a general overview about research, examining issues, events that student has observed, heard, done, or investigated. That includes these major parts; the title of the report, summary, discussion,

conclusion, recommendation, date of the report, name of the student, and references.
By: Hoshmen Murad
G7

2nd Theme(Learning Environment)

On 21st Jul 2021 the 6th Session of IPAT module  was specialized to the Learning Environment and it’s roll in the learning process. We discussed more aspects of the concept which are affects the quality of learning in the class and the around of school.

Learning environment refers to the physical locations, contexts and cultures where students learn. It can also encompass the culture of a school or class, its presiding ethos and characteristics, including how students interact with and treat one another, as well as the ways in which instructors organize an educational setting in order to facilitate learning.
In order to make this new system successful, we need to build an environment in the classroom where both learners and teachers have new ideology and open mindedness as well as geographical location for such a class to be put in to practice as well as all the resources that the new system needs such as labs and and all the essential equipment.

One of the factors of this system’s success is that the  teachers will need to learn their students ability in the subject and work with them to improve their ability in areas where the students are weak in that case there will also be a level of respect and responsibility towards one another, and it makes the learners to work harder and learn more about the subject.

The phrase learning environment refers to the way a classroom environment is set up. Learning environments can be traditional or virtual (or a combination of both). There are three learning environment categories: face-to-face, online.

A-Face-to-Face Environment

B-Online Environment

In order to provide an exceptional education to students, school buildings have to be purposefully built in such a way as to inspire creativity, independence, and a love of learning.

Good facilities in schools should be designed to nurture the intellectual, physical, social, and emotional development of students. Schools should also continually improve their campuses in response to student need and the latest research.

the characteristics of a positive learning environment:

1.  Flexibility, openness, access to resources

· Flexibility
· Openness
· Access to resources

2. Design based on extensive research
· Consultative process helps develop the Facilities Master Plan (FMP)

3. Overall quality
· school features and facilities
· Quality facilities put together by experts
· Air purification

4. All school facilities under one roof

5. Spaces tailored to different ages of student
· new purposefully built facilities

Early Years Learning Center

6. Facilities built and adapted in response to curriculum development

3rd Theme(Assessment tools)

7th Session was he initial lesson of the theme of assessment tools, In this session we learned that how we should begin the assessment and how we should end it.

Also we discussed the cause and effect of the process of assessment, and we had a conversation a bout the points to assess.

Assessment has to be developed and appropriate by each academic program to address the program’s own unique goals.

Assessment can be embedded within a classroom. A task like an assignment, paper or exam (for example) that can be evaluated for addressing a program goal can be used. This type of assessment makes the process easy and flows with the normal routine of the curriculum.

Direct versus indirect assessment. The methods described above are direct methods of assessing student learning. That is, student performance is directly measured using techniques that evaluate student work or knowledge. This is the most direct way to determine whether students are walking away with the skills and knowledge intended by a program.

Then the characteristics of good assessment tools were discussed and the facilitator addressed the ways to make the assessment better.

I general we can mention some criteria for good assessment:

Validity: The examination measures / assesses what is stated in the learning objectives.

Reliability (Reproducibility): Different assessors will give an objective assessment of the students' work based on agreed criterion.

Equivalence: Different versions of an exam must be at the same level ie the same severity.

Educational effect: The examination should motivate the student to learn.

Catalytic effect: The examination provides feedback that stimulates learning.

Acceptability: Different stakeholders find the examination process and the results credible.

Then The timing of assessment was discussed, Students need formative assessment, but are motivated by summative assessment Students need feedback in order to learn effectively (see the Engage in Feedback site for more), but more often than not it's the prospect of grades that will motivate them. As such, finding a balance between formative and summative assessment is essential. Making use of progressive weighting, whereby largely formative assessments contribute a percentage towards the final mark can help to mitigate these issues and can help your students appropriately focus their efforts throughout the module.

Summative assessment will typically take place towards the end of a course of study, and its nature often requires an extended marking process to enable moderation. As such, the feedback from summative assessment often comes too late to be implemented in time for the next assessment.

Peer and self-assessment, where students assess each other and themselves, can encourage students to take greater responsibility for their learning, for example, by encouraging engagement with assessment criteria and reflection of their own performance and that of their peers. Through this, students can learn from their previous mistakes, identify their strengths and weaknesses and learn to target their learning accordingly. Getting students to become more active in their learning in this way can help to alter the perception of learning as being a passive process whereby students listen to you and absorb the information in order to regurgitate during a subsequent assignment. If students are participants rather than 'spectators', they are more likely to engage with their learning.

8th Session was about Assessment methods/Tools

· Direct Assessment

1. Written Work

a. Demonstrates knowledge of important content on an exam or in a paper
b. Shows analysis, application, synthesis, and evaluation capabilities
c. Displays writing skills
d. Produces reflections on what, how, when, and why they learned

2.       Portfolios of student work
.  Are assessed systematically using a rubric.

a. May be evaluated to determine student learning over time, or may be composed of the student’s best work.
b.  Encourage student self-reflection

3.       Visual or audio recording of oral presentations or performances with self, peer, and or instructor evaluations using a rubric; may include recordings of subsequent performances to document improvements

4. Capstone Projects

5. Field or service learning projects

6.       Performance on in-class tests (or portion of a larger exam), assuming they are valid, reliable and objective

7.       Presentations
*  Demonstration of acquired skills
*  Demonstration of ability to work collaboratively

· Indirect Assessment
1. Surveys

Surveys can reveal your students’ attitudes and opinions about what they learned, which may also help you evaluate your outcomes.

2. Course Evaluations that you create to garner specific information from students

Entrance and/or Exit tickets, for example

3. Curriculum and Syllabus Analysis

*  Self or faculty/student group

4. External Reviewers

* Colleague or Industry Professional

In the same session we learned some knowledge about guidelines and the rubric for assessment. So at the end of the session Mr. Miran gave as assignment on the session. The assignment was as the following.

Make a 15 to 20 minute presentation
Section One
Imagine that you are going to use the specified teaching method in section two based on your group.
• how  you explore it with your student , provide
the guide line to you student ( For example , lab experimentation need a lab sheet, what info should contain on the lab sheet, how you organize it  , Graduation project need a Final report, what info  show be on the report )
•Design a detailed rubric about how you assess the final work ( report, presentation , result , etc  …)
•You need to submit the following:
1. The presentation , 2. the sheet or the template you designed ( Lab sheet  or Project format or template, report format or template , Filed trip format , presentation template or format ) , 3. the sheet of the esigned rubric

Section Two
G1  Lab Experimentation
G2  Case Study
G3  Oral Presentation
G4  Filed Trip
G5  Graduation Project
G6  Project based Learning
G7  Problem based Learning

The 9th session was dedicated to present prepared presentations which are 7 presentations.