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Species: Necator americanus

A.K.A. " The American Murderer."

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Necator americanus egg, stool

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Cutting plates of Necator.
The cutting plates allow the feeding on the intestines (blood, mucosa, and submucosa.

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The difference between the male (left) and the female (right.)

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Buccal cavity of Necator americanus

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HOOKWORM, NECATOR AMERICANUS, BUCCAL CAVITY. SHOWS BUCCAL CAVITY,...

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View Stock Photo of Hookworm Necator Americanus Buccal Cavity Shows Buccal Cavity Digestive Tract Cuticle 50x. Find premium, high-resolution photos at Getty Images.

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Humans as well as dogs are primary hosts for Necator americanus. Penetration of the skin is the only way of transmission for Necator americanus.

- HOW DO YOU GET IT? -
Through your skin is typically how Necator americanus is acquired.
Walking through warm, moist grass or soil.

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Necator submerged and actively feeding upon the intestinal mucosa.

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Male Necator americanus

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Necator is known to be an asymptomatic disease. It can take a few weeks up to a few months for the first symptom to appear. Although by the time it has infested, the first initial symptom one may experience with Necator americanus would be itching, "ground itch." Further spread of necator is cough and pneumatitis, which is the point when the larvae has set up into the lungs (alveoli) and trachea of the host, ultimately further reaching the gastrointestinal system. Once in the GI sysmted, the adult larva will attach itself to the small intestine villi and suck the blood, causing further abdominal bloating, abdominal pain, weight loss, cramping, and anemia.

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Left = Filariform hookworm larva
Right = Rhabditiform larva

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Active Necator americanus in the duodenum via laproscopic camera.

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The best way to avoid becoming infected is to not walk barefoot.
Due to getting it from contaminated soil, its key to ensure your pets are updated on vaccinations and dewormed due to because the larvae and eggs of the hookworm are found in the soil where your pet would leaves feces.
Other tips if at the beach would be to sit on towels, wear sandals or shoes while walking and wash skin right after touching such soil. Overall, just avoiding areas where soil may have a possibility of contamination.

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Example of an infestion of hookworms on foot.

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Anthelmintics such as Benzimidazoles are first tier treatments. More specifically, medications such as Albendazole and Mebendazole are the top two medications used to treat Necator americanus efficiently upon the first dose.
* It is important to know if a patient is already anemic and acquires this hook worm, iron therapy should be administered at the same time of benzimidazoles.

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Example of treatment with one week course of Albendazole.

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* * "Hookworm" comes from the dorsal curve on the end of the the worm.
* * Anyclosta is in the same Genus as Necator, often you'll see them correlate together.
* * One of the most common chronic infections is Necator americanus.
* *  Animalia is Necator americanus' Kingdom.
* * Nematoda is the phylum of Necator americanus.
* * Norman Stroll, scientist with Rockefeller Institute lead the way to find the cure with increasing research towards hookworm in 1962.

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* * Known to be a haematophagous parasite.
* * Dominantly found in America and Australia.
* * Adults worms can live up to 5 years.
* * Female hookworms can produce thousands of eggs daily.
* * Females are longer than males, ranging from 9-11mm in length.
* * 1/3 of pregnant women in developing countries get hookworm.