# data[].attributes.body
- more roads
- canals provided cheaper transportation
- most railroads lay in the North

# data[].attributes.body
- growing class: merchants, manufacturers, wage earners, and new business owners
- organized religion
- more public education

# data[].attributes.body
- variation of industries
- foreign trade
- based on manufacturing
- textiles, ships, iron, and lumber
- help from Industrial Revolution

# data[].attributes.body
- centers of trade, art, culture, & education
- hubs of manufacturing
- 1800 to 1850: 10% increase in population in cities
- often crowded & dirty

# data[].attributes.body
- From 1800-1860: 5 to 19 million
- 1830 to 1850 alone:
over 2 million northern Europeans

# data[].attributes.body
- rocky    - bays
- hilly - inlets
- forests - rivers

# data[].attributes.body
- warm summers
- snowy winter