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1. Muammar al-Qaddafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'état in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country

2. Gamal Abdel Nasser: covers the period of Egyptian history from the Egyptian revolution of 1952, of which Gamal Abdel Nasser was one of the two principal leaders, spanning Nasser's presidency of Egypt from 1956, to his death in 1970.

3. Suez Canal (Suez Crisis): A major international incident that arose in 1956 from the decision by Gamal A. Nasser of Egypt to nationalize the Suez Canal, which long had been controlled by Great Britain.

4. Zionism: a movement for (originally) the re-establishment and (now) the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel. It was established as a political organization in 1897 under Theodor Herzl, and was later led by Chaim Weizmann.

5. Balfour Declaration: a statement, issued by the British government on November 2, 1917, favoring the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jews but without prejudice to the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine.

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1.	What were the results of the United Nations’ decision to end the mandate system in terms of states created (locations) and their subsequent problems? (WHII. 14c)

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1.	What were the results of the United Nations’ decision to end the mandate system in terms of states created (locations) and their subsequent problems? (WHII. 14c)

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Mandates in the Middle East
• Established by the League of Nations
• Granted independence after World War II
• Resulted in Middle East conflicts created by religious differences
French Mandates in the Middle East
• Syria
•Lebanon
British Mandates in the Middle East
• Jordan
• Palestine (part became independent as the State of Israel)

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2.	What was the role of Golda Meir and Gamal Abdel Nasser in the creation of the states in the Middle East? (WHII.14c)

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2.	What was the role of Golda Meir and Gamal Abdel Nasser in the creation of the states in the Middle East? (WHII.14c)

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Golda Meir
• Prime Minister of Israel
• After initial setbacks, led Israel to victory in Yom Kippur War
• Sought support of United States
Gamal Abdul Nasser
• President of Egypt
• Nationalized Suez Canal
• Established relationship with Soviet Union

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3.	What are some challenges faced by the contemporary world? (WHII. 16a)

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3.	What are some challenges faced by the contemporary world? (WHII. 16a)

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Migrations of refugees and others
• Refugees as an issue in international conflicts
• Migrations of “guest workers” to European cities
Ethnic and religious conflicts
• Middle East
• Northern Ireland
• Balkans
• Horn of Africa
• South Asia

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4.	What new technologies have created opportunities and challenges? (WHII.16a)

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4.	What new technologies have created opportunities and challenges? (WHII.16a)

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Impact of new technologies
• Widespread but unequal access to computers and instantaneous communications
• Genetic engineering and bioethics

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5.	How does the developing world compare with the developed world in terms of economic, social and population characteristics? (WHII.16b)

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5.	How does the developing world compare with the developed world in terms of economic, social and population characteristics? (WHII.16b)

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Contrasts between developed and developing nations
• Geographic locations of major developed and developing countries
• Economic conditions
• Social conditions (literacy, access to health care)
• Population size and rate of growth
Factors affecting environment and society
• Economic development
• Rapid population growth

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6.	What impact are economic development and rapid population growth having on the environment? (WHII.16b)

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6.	What impact are economic development and rapid population growth having on the environment? (WHII.16b)

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Environmental challenges
• Pollution
• Loss of habitat
• Global climate change
Social challenges
• Poverty
• Poor health
• Illiteracy
• Famine
• Migration

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7.	What are the links between economic and political freedom? (WHII.16b)

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7.	What are the links between economic and political freedom? (WHII.16b)

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Relationship between economic and political freedom
• Free market economies produce rising standards of living and an expanding middle class, which produces growing demands for political freedoms and individual rights. Recent examples include Taiwan and South Korea.

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8.	How is economic interdependence changing the world? (WHII.16c)

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8.	How is economic interdependence changing the world? (WHII.16c)

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Economic interdependence
• Role of rapid transportation, communication, and computer networks
• Rise and influence of multinational corporations
• Changing role of international boundaries
• Regional integration (European Union)
• Trade agreements—North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), World Trade Organization (WTO)
• International organizations— United Nations (UN), International Monetary Fund (IMF)

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9.	What are some examples of international terrorism in our world today that have impacted developed and developing nations? (WHII.16d)

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9.	What are some examples of international terrorism in our world today that have impacted developed and developing nations? (WHII.16d)

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Examples of International Terrorism
• Munich Olympics
• Terrorist attacks in the United States (e.g. 9/11/2001) - motivated by extremism (Osama bin Laden).
• Car bombings
• Suicide bombers
• Airline hijackers

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10.	How has terrorism impacted developed and developing nations in the contemporary world? (WHII.16d)

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10.	How has terrorism impacted developed and developing nations in the contemporary world? (WHII.16d)

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Governmental responses to terrorist activities
• Surveillance
• Review of  privacy rights
• Security at ports and airports
• Identification badges and photos