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The peasants were not allowed to leave the land without permission. All peasants spent most time working in fields but men did most of the farming. Even children worked! Some workers also traded goods.

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Mostly no people lived in the towns that were very small. Around year 1000, towns appeared. Town grew because the trade increased. The population in Europe increased. Knights started to demand money instead of land. Crusades led people to leave manors.

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C. 1122-1204
Eleanor ruled Aquitaine. In 1137 she married King Lewis VII of France and became the queen of France. Later, she divorced Lewis and married King Henry II of England. She had many children and one of them was the future king Richard the Lionheart.

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The manor life was self-sufficient. Peasants grew their own vegetables. People used wool to make clothes and the blacksmith made farming tools.

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He was the Duke of Normandy. He decided to conquer England and defeated the English king. He gave knights large estates of land.

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Knights served noble lords in exchange for land. They fought for lords and could accept fiefs from several lords. They would wear suits of armor and fought on horseback.

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The nobles were vassals of kings and were lords of lower ranking nobles and knights. They fought for the kings. They had revived land for service and gave upper lords money on special occasions. If upper lords were to visit, they would have to give them food and shelter. They could become a lord if they gained enough land.

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The kings and queens were the greatest lords. They were all a part of a monarchy. They are born as a prince or princess. Their vassals were nobles and knights. The castles they built were for protection. They gave land to vassals and got back protection.