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After Lincoln was elected, the South was already thinking of seceding from the nation. There was much controversy, until there was open fire on Fort Sumter, that started the civil war.
https://thebottomlineusa.wordpress.com/2013/11/17/the-civil-war-part-1-why-the-south-seceded/

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#14 Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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#14 Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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Abraham Lincoln won against three other candidates, and was elected as a Republican. The South became the minority and was about to be attacked.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abraham-Lincoln

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Instead of viewing the slavery issue politically, John Brown became violent. He decided to raid the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry and use the weapons to end slavery. All of his men were either killed or captured, and he was sentenced to death. This frightened the Southerners because if they were to go to war, they would be the first to die.
https://www.nps.gov/articles/john-browns-raid.htm

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After the Nebraska-Kansas act, the anti-slavery group created a new organisation, the Republican Party. Abraham Lincoln was elected as a representative and had a debate with Stephen Douglas. He believed that slavery was a moral, not a legal, issue. He lost to Douglas, but was able to spread his beliefs across the country.
http://lincoln-douglasdebates.omahahistories.net/

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When Dred Scott fled to Wisconsin, he went to court to win his freedom. They argued that slaves can never become citizens of the United States and that the Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional.
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/mar6/dred-scott-decision/

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Charles Semner, the Senator of Massachusetts, gave a speech called "The Crime Against Kansas". He described the "crime against Kansas" as violent assault on an innocent territory. This angered Southerners and caused Preston Brooks to attack Semner with a metal tipped cane.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/tempers-ran-so-hot-congress-one-senator-was-nearly-beaten-death-180962111/

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After the act of the Nebraska-Kansas Act, both the North and South raced to the states to oppose or support slavery. When things grew tense, Southerners also known as "border ruffians" invaded Lawrence, Kansas, armed with weapons. They burned a hotel, looted many homes, and dragged two abolitionist printing presses into the Kaw river. Because the Northerners were outraged by the horrific news, John Brown and his many sons went to a pro-slavery town called Pottawatomie, Kansas and killed five suspected pro-slavery men.
https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/ks-sparks-of-war.htm

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Stephen A. Douglas, the Senator of Illinois, made a bill that created two new territories: Kansas and Nebraska. It was up to the settlers to decide if they wanted slavery or not.
https://www.sutori.com/item/the-kansas-nebraska-act-was-passed-may-30th-1854

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Under the Fugitive Slave Act, any escaped slaves had almost no rights. The Northerners obviously opposed the act, and the Southerners were happy to be able to retrieve their property back. But, the Southerners did not believe that the act would ensure the revival of their property. Also, the act made people engage in the act of catching slaves. The Northerners refused to support the act and caused Slave catchers to be infuriated.

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Henry Clay, the senator of Kentucky, had come up with a plan to make a bill that made California into a free state, to please the Northerners, and to let the New Mexico and Utah territories decide if they want to become slave states, to please the Southerners. When the bill was not being approved, the South threatened to leave the Union completely. Because Americans did not want to start a war, Congress approved the bill.
https://sites.google.com/a/w-csd.org/civil-war/major-events/compromise-of-1850

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When California was gained from the Mexican Territory, Congress had to decide if it should become a slave or free state. The South wanted to expand the Missouri Compromise all the way to the Pacific Ocean which the Northerners rejected. The South was worried that the state would have an unequal balance between slave and free states. Congress then had a deadlock over California's statehood.
https://www.crossed-flag-pins.com/animated-flag-gif/flags-California.html

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President James Polk sent a bill to Congress asking for money for the Mexican War. David Wilmot also added an amendment to the bill known as Wilmot Proviso. It states that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist". The South did not like the idea of Congress controlling their property so the bill was rejected.
http://slideplayer.com/slide/4050395/

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Slaves continued to revolt by running away to freedom in the North. Slaveholders in the South saw their slaves as valuable pieces of property and demanded Congress to pass a fugitive law to help them capture their slaves.
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Fugitives_from_Slavery

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The Abolitionists wrote many antislavery petitions to Congress. Congress then created a "gag rule" which set aside all antislavery petitions.
http://www.blogtalkradio.com/thegistoffreedom/2013/09/23/movie-12-yrs-enslaved-liberated-by-northup-wifes-petition

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In 1820, Congress admitted Missouri as a slave state, and Maine as a free state.
https://www.history.com/topics/missouri-compromise