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Artifact:an object made or used by people in the past

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Prehistoric:before written history

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Ritual: relating to a ceremony such as a religious ceremony

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Scientists discover new things every day.
Like back then they discovered something new that was the past. Back then they had some type of paint that they used to use to draw paintings. These paintings were made to tell something. One time four boys were traveling somewhere and they found alot  of paintings with a lot of weird stuff on it. Then scientists finally knew what it meant. It meant what type of animals there were and how the weather was and how they used to live. So that’s the end of this summary

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Anthropologist:a scientist who studies human development and culture 

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Anthropologist:a scientist who studies human development and culture 

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Remains:a dead body

Biped a two-footed animal

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Migrate to move from one geographic region to another

Land bridge: a piece of land connecting two continents

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they discovered that their were cavemen and other stuff that  they are still discovering

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Homo habilis/handy man
Homo habilis are like cavemen much a little bit more smarter they have twice the size then other cavemen. Their bones are still surprisingly alive and in Africa.

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The upright man are men that are tall and have round and smooth foreheads and have large ridge above their eyes and a thicker skull and a jaw that stuck out

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They had very thick bodies and very human like bodies they lived in Africa the near east Europe and parts of Asia

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They liked to paint they painted deer bison wild horses and boars. They also migrated to north and South America probably traveled land bridges

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To train a wild animal to be useful to humans

Agriculture.   The business of farming

Trade:the business of buying and selling or exchanging items

Ore: a mineral mined for its valuable uses

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During the times of Paleolithic times small bands of 20 to 60 people wandered off to find food to eat
They Worked together to find the new props and tools to use for food to eat people had more time and energy for activity’s and other good stuff for the children or for the older people

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The Paleolithic was about 8000 B.C.E
They would hunt wild animals they would also

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It began so people can for the first time so people can settled in
They also learned how to plant new crops and other goods for there home
They learned how to make tools like a shovel an axe

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They hunted animals and gathered plants
By hunting they gathered more food supply for the road
They crated a stable food supply cause what if you have no food and you are to tired then you can get food out of the out of the food supply

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During the Paleolithic age they had to live in caves and rough tent like shelters and it was rough
They also found new animals to eat and other new plants to cook it with or just eat it all by its self
They had to fill the pits with hot water but it was kind of hard to do
The houses protected people from all the harsh weather and all the animals that tried to eat the humans

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Having a stable food supply allowed people develop new kinds of job. Focusing on one job allowed people to get better at there job. The development of different jobs encourage people to become highly skilled at their crafts

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Social structure:the way a civilization is organized

Technology:the use of tools and other invitations for practical purposes

status:importance

Chariot:a two handed vehicle pulled by horses

Scribe :a person who writes

Ziggurat an ancient Mesopotamian

Cuneiform :writing that uses wedge-shaped characters

Pictograph:a symbol that stands for an object

Arch:an upside-downU-or V- shaped structure that supports weight above it,as in adorrway

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- a stable food supply ,so that the people of a society have the food they need to survive

- food they need to survive

-a social structure with different social levels and jobs

- a system of government so that life in the society is orderly

-a religious system which involves a set of beliefs and forms of worship

- a highly developed culture that includes arts such as painting architecture music and literature

-advances in technology

- a highly developed written language

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A Sumerian army included both professional soldiers and temporary citizen-soldiers some were foot soldiers others drove chariots wheeled vehicles pulled by horses

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All civilizations have a religious system a religious system includes a set of beliefs usually in a god or gods together with forms of worship

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There were many kinds of artists and craftspeople in Sumer Sumerian metalworkers made practical objects like weapons and cups they also made decorative items such as mirrors and jewelry Sumerian architects designed temples and ziggurat

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Capital- a city that is the center of government
Tribute- wealth sent from one country or ruler to another as a sign that the other is superior
Aqueduct- a pipe or channel that Brings water from distant places
Bas-relief- a sculpture in which the image project out from a flat surface
Siege- a military blockade and attack on a city to force it to surrender
Astronomy- the study of stars and plants

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For 1,500 years, Sumer was a land of independent city states then around 2,300 B.C.E the Akkadians conquered the land. The akkadians came from northern Mesopotamia. They were led by a great king named Sargon. Sargon became the first ruler of the Akkadian empire

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For a time after the fall of the Akkadians Sumer was once again a collection of city-states. The next ruler to Unite all of Mesopotamia was a king named Hammurabi. Hammurabi was the king os Babylon a small city state in certral Mesopotamia after conquering the rest of Mesopotamia he made Babylon the capital of his empire the religion under his rule became known as Babylon

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The line of kings begun by Hammurabi did not rule Babylonia for long. Over the next several hundred years a number of groups ruled parts of Babylonia. The next great empire in Mesopotamia was created by a warlike people called the Assyrians Assyrians lay north of babylon the Assyrian had lived in Mesopotamia for a long time they rose to power again toward 900 B.C.E

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After the fall of Nineveh the Babylonians regained control over Mesopotamia they established a new empire the neo Babylonian empire the new empire most famous king was Nebuchadnezzar ||
A ruthless military leader he reigned from 605 to 562 B.C.E. Nebuchadnezzar expanded his empire whenever he could he drove the Egyptians out of Syria he also conquered part of Canaan (present day Israel)
(Neo means new)

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Not all men were men as a Pharaoh
Rules ancient Egypt contains food supply

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Assist with the pharaoh
Gives pharaoh advice
Served as judges and general army
Wealthy and lived a life of luxury

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In charge of all religion eremonies -did embalming
1.removing the brain w/a hook
2. Remove organs except the heart
3. Body was soaked in natron>70 days
4. Washed the body
5. Wrapped in linen
6. Placed in sarcophagus

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Officially writing record keepers
All scibes Were men
Wrote in heieroglyphs
Used type of paper called payers

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Shined laborers & crafters people
They were middle class
Made a lot of the artwork
Pharaoh called apon artisans for projects

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Shined laborers & crafters people
They were middle class
Made a lot of the artwork
Pharaoh called apon artisans for projects

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Shined laborers & crafters people
They were middle class
Made a lot of the artwork
Pharaoh called apon artisans for projects

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Shined laborers & crafters people
They were middle class
Made a lot of the artwork
Pharaoh called apon artisans for projects

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He ruled from about 2551 to 2528 B.C.E.
He is known for the famous great pyramid
It had magnificent pyramids built as tombs for themselves and their families

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He ruled from 1971 to 1926 B.C.E.
Crafts people thrived under senusret rule
He made like fancy necklaces made out of gold,copper,and gems such as purple amethyst
The white was a small temple it was made of alabaster a hard white stone

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He ruled from 1473 to 1458
She wanted to gain more power soon took over

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The pharaoh Hatshepsut ruled from about 1473 to 1458 B.C.E.
One of Hatshepsut's greatest accomplishments was simply gaining power.She filled her government with loyal advisors. She demanded the same respect as a male ruler

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He ruled in 1290 to 1222.
He was known for his military leadership and for building numerous monuments.
One of his most impressive projects was the temple complex at Abu Simbel.

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Monsoon- a strong wind that brings heavy rain to Southern Asia in the summer
Plateau-a flat area of land that is elevated or raised above the land around it
Glacier- a huge mass of ice that slowly slides over a land area

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The Brahmaputra river is located near the Indian Ocean. It joins the Ganges river. Each summer heavy monsoon rains add water to to this part of the river

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It is a triangular shaped area. They have the oldest rocks dating back more than 600 million years. It is fairly dry and few rivers and the monsoon provides most of the water

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The western has slopes narrow valleys thick hardwood forests. The eastern side has a little bit of hardwood trees. The western side is more wetter than the eastern side

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The river gets its water from melted ice carried down from the himalaya. As a result the northern plains contain some of the most fertile farmland in the world. During the rainy season rivers can destroy crops planted along the banks

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Underneath the mountian the earth is always moving. It slightly moves every year. Mount Everest is part of the himalaya

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Snow and ice permanently cover the steep slopes and peaks. The khyber pass is a 28 mile long gap between the mountain. It connects central asia to the india subcontinent.

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The indus river is compared to the nile river. The sediment leaves the surrounding soil rich and fertile. It gets its water from melted ice from hindu kush mountain

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The animals that mainly live there are 45 kinds of lizards and snakes.gazelle lope across the sand. Birds include quail duck and geese

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The the bath was a giant pool. It was 39 feet long and 8 feet deep. There were small dressing circled around the pool. Dirty water was removed through a drain that ran along one side of the bath.

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Archeologists found stone statue seven inches high. There were only guys there. They had very small beards clean upper lip. His hair is tied with a band.

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Games

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Mohenjodaro was a city. Over 50,000 people lived there.

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The main belief is that people are suffering because they have a desire.

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The Buddha was a man who lived in India from about 563 to 483 B.C.E. Before earning the title of Buddha, he was a young prince named Siddhartha Gautama.

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1.Suffering is present in all things, and nothing lasts forever.
2.suffering is caused by craving (desires or wants).
3.The way to end suffering is to give up all cravings.
4.The way to give up all cravings is to live life according to the eightfold path.

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1. Create an understanding of the 4 noble truths.
2. Live a life of selflessness.
3. Don't lie or gossip.
4. Do not kill,steal or lie.
5. Do not harm people or living creatures.
6. Promote good actions and prevent bad ones.
7. Be aware of but not attached to your emotions.
8. Focus your mind with practices.

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The Tibet Qinghai Plateau is 13,500 above sea level and it’s a very large area. It’s a rocky land surrounded by towering mountains. The

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Emperor Qin decided to build the Great Wall to protect the norther boarder. The wall took ten years to construct the Great Wall. The people who built the Great Wall were soldiers and peasants also some were teachers musicians writers and even artists. The conditions were very difficult it crossed high mountains and swamps even quicksand the weather was bitterly cold in the winter and blazing hot in the summer ten thousand men died and were buried inside the wall.

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There two main deserts the first one is the Taklamakan desert. The Taklamakan desert is considered one of the most dangerous deserts in the world. This desert can reach about up to 105,000 square miles. The second desert is the Gobi desert. This desert is one of the Largest deserts in the world. It stretches over 500,000 square miles. The Northeastern deserts are really hot the climate goes from sizzling hot in the summer to below freezing in the winter.

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Prince Zheng was part of a royal family in the state of Qin. He was born in 259 B.C.E near the end of the warring states period. In 256 B.C.E, Qin took over the stage of Zhou, ending the Zhou dynasty. Ten years later 13-year-Old prince Zheng became king

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Standardize means to make the same. Emporor Qin standardized China by unifying the system laws. It was important to standardize money because it makes it easier to trade.

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Emporor Qin was unhappy because of all the executions. Qin died in 210 BCE. His tomb was huge and complex, followed by a group of sculptures. The Qin Dynasty was defeated 1974 BCE.

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This land is mostly grass and animals. The two major rivers flowing through are Liao and Sungari. The Liao is shallow and the Subgari is deep. There are short warm summers and cold in winter.

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The Northeastern Plain is located east of present-days Mongolia. Today this is called Inner Mongolia and sometimes Manchuria. The Northeastern Plain is generally rather cold and dry. During the short summer temperature reach to 75 degrees Fahrenheit and during the winter it falls to 10 degrees. The major rivers they have are the Liao and Sungari. The Liao is a shallow river and the Sungari river is really deep.

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the father of the silk road was a traveler. In 138 B.C.E his mission was to from a alliance with the western peoples agianst china's northen enemy, the huns

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silk is very valuable for trading cause it is used in alot of things like cloth and other products. The china wanted to keep the process of producing a secret.