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Appears selfish and cynical "I stick my neck out for no one"- makes people believe he doesnt care.
Has very masculine traits

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Costume
Rick- wears a flower, different persona which wouldn't fit with cynical and jaded Rick from the bar. He contrasts between the black suit in Paris and the White suit back in Casablanca, which represent the two sides of Ricks personality.
Rick and Ilsa are always positioned in a two-shot in the centre which makes the audience focused on their relationship.
Lighting in Paris is naturalistic compared to the low-key, high contrasted scenes back in Casablanca, this makes it have a more cheerful atmosphere.

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assertive character - confident
manipulative and enigmatic- "you need to think for the both of us"- shifts responsibility onto Rick.

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1842 - Michael Curtiz, USA

Hollywood at the peak odf the studio era.

Star vehicle - Bogart and Begman.
An Enduring classic
Classical Hollywood narrative and style.
Ideology - propaganda - Rick personifies US foreign policy.

Recurrent motifs -  use of music ‘ ‘As Time Goes BY’ – entire score based on this song appears in key moments to remind the viewer of Rick and Iisa’s love – creates nostalgia.

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Casablanca takes place on the four days leading up to the Japanese attack on the US Military base at Pearl Harbour on the 7th December 1941.

The event led directly to USA entry into WWII.

Rick represents US foreign policy, from isolationist to intervention.

The film reinforces the USA’s support for the allied war effect.

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Visual style and influences:

The aesthetics depict a sense of romantic longing – smoky bars, exotic locations, the foggy runway and wartime costume all contribute to the film’s classic look.

The film combines the aesthetics of film noir, expressionism, melodrama and documentary

Warner’s tight budget policy was reflected in the aesthetics of their films – low-key lighting and fog were often used to disguise cheap sets – as evident in the final scene with the aircraft hangar.

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‘it had to be you’ is a key motif throughout the film  -Composer Max Steiner created an entire score based on this popular Broadway song. It is used at key points to remind us of Rick and Ilsa’s love.

The orchestral score dominates the Paris scene flashback.

Max Steiner, am iconic composer at Warners, was known for melodramatic scores that closely followed the action and heightened emotion.

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The film adheres to the rules of classical Hollywood continuity editing. The editing appears seamless and invisible throughout.

The opening montage is typical of the classical use of montage as exposition.

Most shots disolve into each other

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The exotic locations lend the film a glamour and romance. Paris evokes romance and nostalgia with Rick and Ilsa.

Their intimate world in Paris is interrupted when the Germans occupy France.

The final sequence in the airport hangar were shot on the studio lot -  a cardboard cut of the aeroplane was used in the background.

The use of miniatures in the background with key characters in the foreground creates a forced perspective.

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The searchlight illuminates at random  - it is used in key moments in the film, casting light and shadow as Rick sits in despair after a chance meeting with Ilsa.

The noir lighting conveys the mood of the war, Rick is shown inhalf-light, representing his split self.

Ingrid Bergman (Ilsa) was shot mainly from the left side using a gauze filter and soft lighting to make her eyes sparkle and convey a sadness and tenderness.

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Rick’s selfless sacrifice for the greater cause

Captures Americas perception of itself in the 1940’s – cynical yet altruistic

Lots of smoke and expressionistic lighting heightens romance and sense of loss

(Also the cardboard cut out of the plane) :)

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Warner Bros was one of the ‘big five’ studios; they controlled production, distribution and exhibition of their films.

During the 1940’s, Warner Bros were known for tough detective thrillers (film noirs) and melodramas.

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1: http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-casablanca-1942

2: http://www.empireonline.com/movies/casablanca-2/review/

1: 'Humphrey Bogart played strong heroic leads in his career, but he was usually better as the disappointed, wounded, resentful hero' - Known for these types of characters, new start?

1: ' No one making “Casablanca” thought they were making a great movie. It was simply another Warner Bros.' - Didn't expect the outcome it got.

1: 'The black-and-white cinematography has not aged as color would.' - Better than a colour version of the film?