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These are all of the epilepsy center locations for veterans in the United States

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http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/epilepsy-seizure-symptoms

http://www.educlime.com/wharemosk.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/dxc-20117234

http://www.healthline.com/health/epilepsy/effects-on-body

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20117241

http://www.healthline.com/health/epilepsy/facts-statistics-infographic

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Anti-epileptic medication: decrease the frequency and intensity of the seizures. Side effects… fatigue, dizziness, weight gain, loss of bone density, skin rashes, loss or coordination, speech problems, memory and thinking problems, depression, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, severe rash, inflammation of certain organs (liver)

Surgery: done when tests show the seizures in a small, well-defined area of your brain that doesn’t interfere with any functions that are supper important.. if in an area in your brain that interferes with important functions, you will stay awake during the procedure and ask questions to make nothing goes wrong. if it's in a part that can’t be removed, the doctor may recommend different types of surgery that will prevent seizures from moving to different areas of the brain.

Therapies: doctors implant a device under your skin of your chest like a pacemaker, the wires connect to the vagus nerve in your neck. reduces seizures by 20-40%.

Ketogenic diet: high in fats and low in carbohydrates. breaks down fats rather that carbohydrates for energy. side effects… dehydration, constipation, slowed goth, buildup of uric acid in the blood, kidney stones

Potential future treatments: implant electrodes into a specific part of the brain, connected to a generator in your chest or skull sends pulses to reduce your seizures.

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Ages where it can occur

0-2

Common

3-5

Rare

6-13

Common

14-18

Common

19-40

Common

41-60

Common

60+

Common

1 in 26 people are diagnosed with epilepsy.

150,000 people each year in America

Less than 15% of people have simple focal seizures

More than 33% of people have dyscognitive partial seizures

More than 30% of people experience generalized seizures

Children and adults have the highest rate

Mostly diagnosed in childhood and after age 60

2.5-3 million people have epilepsy

More than 467,000 children have been diagnosed

non-Latino whites are more affected by generalized epilepsy than African-American descent

More common in Men than Women

Cryptogenic seizures(seizures with no known cause)  are more frequent in women

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Neurological exam: testing behavior, mental functions, motor skills (ability to feel or sense the muscles are doing their job).

Blood tests: check for infections, genetic conditions or other conditions relating to seizures.

Electroencephalogram (EEG): Most common to diagnose seizures,records activity of the brain and is conducted while sleeping and/or awake, recording seizures (determine the type of seizures)

Computerized tomography (CT) scan: uses x-rays to obtain cross-sectional images of the brain. Can reveal abnormalities (tumors, bleeding, and cysts)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): powerful magnets and radio waves to create a detailed view of the brain. detect abnormalities in your brain.

Functional MRI (fMRI): measures changes in blood flow to the brain. use before surgery to identify the exact location (speech and movement).

Positron emission tomography (PET): small amount of low-dose radioactive material injected into the veins to help visualize active areas and detect abnormalities in the brain.

Single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT): used after a MRI and EEG if it didn’t show the exact location of the seizures and where they originate. Small amount of low-dose radioactive material injected into a vein to create a 3-D map of blood flow activity.
Neuropsychological tests: doctors access your thinking, memory, and speech skills. determine what part of the brain is affected.

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Nervous system: feeling of doom, changes in sight, hearing, and smell, nausea, sweating, memory, emotion, lack of awareness, screaming, crying, laughing, lip smacking, sleepiness.

Circulatory and Respiratory system: shortness of breath and coughing, choking, increased risk of heart disease and stroke, heart and breathing problems.

Muscular and Digestive system: muscles contract and relax, muscles to jerk, lose muscle tone, muscles around vocal cords seize up, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, lose bowel or bladder control.

Reproductive system: 25-40% higher number of seizures during pregnancy, higher risk of abnormally high blood pressure during pregnancy, delivering an underweight baby, or a stillbirth.

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Epilepsy

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Generalized seizures: all areas of the brain,during these seizure: they may cry out or make some sounds, rhythmic movements of the arms and legs, movements slow before stopping. Eyes are open. May turn blue due to loss of breathing, followed by deep/noisy breaths.

Partial or focal seizures: (only part of the brain is involved during this seizure): abnormal activity will depend on where the seizure is located… hand may show rhythmic or jerky movements, strange sensations (full feeling in stomach, small repetitive movements (picking at clothes, smacking lips). Acting dazed or confused (complex partial seizure).

Absence or petit mal seizures (most common in childhood): repetitive blinking, brief seizures(seconds), many in one day.