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These specialized cells are called photoreceptors. There are 2 types of photoreceptors in the retina: rods and cones. The rods are most sensitive to light and dark changes, shape and movement and contain only one type of light-sensitive pigment. Rods are not good for color vision.

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Thermoreceptors are specialized nerve cells that are able to detect differences in temperature. Temperature is a relative measure of heat present in the environment. Thermoreceptors are able to detect heat and cold and are found throughout the skin in order to allow sensory reception throughout the body.

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a sense organ or cell that responds to mechanical stimuli such as touch or sound.

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The nerve pathway involved in a reflex action including at its simplest a sensory nerve and a motor nerve with a synapse between.

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Wernicke's area is the region of the brain that is important for language development. It is located in the temporal lobe on the left side of the brain and is responsible for the comprehension of speech, while Broca's area is related to the production of speech.

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a sensory cell or organ responsive to chemical stimuli.

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Pain and how you sense it. This causes tissue damage, which is registered by microscopic pain receptors(nociceptors) in your skin. Each pain receptor forms one end of a nerve cell (neurone). It is connected to the other end in the spinal cord by a long nerve fibre or axon.

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progressive mental deterioration that can occur in middle or old age, due to generalized degeneration of the brain. It is the most common cause of premature senility.

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Part of the brain that controls visual perception and processing

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A stroke may be caused by a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or the leaking or bursting of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Some people may experience only a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain (transient ischemic attack, or TIA) that doesn't cause permanent damage.

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Broca's area is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production. Language processing has been linked to the Broca's area

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a progressive disease of the nervous system marked by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow, imprecise movement, chiefly affecting middle-aged and elderly people. It is associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

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a chronic, typically progressive disease involving damage to the sheaths of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, whose symptoms may include numbness, impairment of speech and of muscular coordination, blurred vision, and severe fatigue.

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The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The temporal lobe is located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain.

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neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

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Part of the brain that controls spatial sense and navigation.

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temporary unconsciousness caused by a blow to the head. The term is also used loosely of the aftereffects such as confusion or temporary incapacity.

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inflammation of the meninges caused by viral or bacterial infection and marked by intense headache and fever, sensitivity to light, and muscular rigidity, leading (in severe cases) to convulsions, delirium, and death.

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Front part of the brain that controls problem solving, spontaneity, judgment, impulse control, social and sexual behaviour.

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The parasympathetic nervous system is one of three divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Sometimes called the rest and digest system, the parasympathetic system conserves energy as it slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.

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abbreviation for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which is a progressive degeneration of the motor neurons of the central nervous system, leading to wasting of the muscles and paralysis.

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The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the fight or flight response.

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Voluntary or conscious movement in the motor nervous system

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The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.

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The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception.

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A motor nerve is a nerve located in the central nervous system, usually the spinal cord, that sends motor signals from the CNS to the muscles of the body.

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Sends signals to the brain from fingers, toes etc. (sensory)
Also sends signals from the brain to move or react (motor)

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Brain and Spinal Cord
Receives signals, interprets them and responds