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Chapter 14 - School Reform and Student Learning: A Multicultural Perspective

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Chapter 14 - School Reform and Student Learning: A Multicultural Perspective

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Chapter 5 - Gender Bias from Colonial America to Today's Classroom

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Chapter 5 - Gender Bias from Colonial America to Today's Classroom

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What really kept me going was a belief in the possibilities. Also, I had faith. Part of that faith was spiritual. Part of that faith came from growing up Black in the segregated South, where you had to believe that you could make change in order to survive.

I think about Mary McLeod Bethune. Her famous quote is, "Faith is the first factor in a life devoted to service." She said, "Without faith, nothing is possible. With faith, nothing is impossible." That faith was instilled in me by my teachers, preachers and parents.

The climate we have in the United States today, I never thought I'd experience. After working for 48-plus years trying to bring about equality, we get white nationalism, anti-Semitism-who would've thought? Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. and I don't agree on a lot, but in his book "Cycles of American History," he talks about how there are conservative and liberal swings. If we hold on long enough, there will be another cycle. I have to believe that this kind of white nationalism and xenophobia, this new spread of racism, will always be a cycle. If we persevere, we can overcome it.
Editor's follow-up: I grapple with two competing ideas about what's going on in politics today. The first is from Obama the day after the 2016 election, where he says that history isn't a straight line, it zigs and zags. And in response to that, Ta-Nehisi Coates basically said, "I don't believe that. I believe this is chaos." I swing between those two positions.
I believe it is cyclic, and I believe Coates would agree with me that Trump was a response to Obama. There was a liberal swing with Obama, and many people who were uncomfortable were waiting for a different time, and the current president gave them the possibility to react. We will see more liberal times. Liberal communities will react to the current administration, as I think we saw in the midterm elections.
In general, do you adhere to the Martin Luther King idea of the arc bending toward justice?
Only if we work to make it happen. I just got back from Memphis, where I visited the National Civil Rights Museum. I said in my speech, "Only if we take decisive action to move us toward justice will we go toward justice." It doesn't automatically bend. It takes consciousness, work, action. I grew up in the apartheid South. I don't think we could've just sat back and waited for the arc to bend. We had to put our lives on the line, to march, to push.
So, in a sense, the arc will bend the way people bend it? But I wonder if the greater belief is that people are good. That humans have decency, and that over time, decency will win out.
If we look at Germany, at the Holocaust, at what happened to the Jewish worshippers in Pittsburgh, I think it's complicated to think about the goodness of people. There are too many people who will manipulate, too many con artists who can get in high positions. People are created; cultures are created. I don't believe there's a natural goodness in people necessarily. I think they have to be socialized to be good. Hitler, Martin Luther King, John Brown-they were all products of socialization. That's just my belief.

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Thanks, Professor Banks: 'The Father of Multicultural Education' is retiring after 50 years at UW

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What really kept me going was a belief in the possibilities. Also, I had faith. Part of that faith was spiritual. Part of that faith came from growing up Black in the segregated South, where you had to believe that you could make change in order to survive.

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Chapter 6 - Classrooms for Diversity: Rethinking Curriculum & Pedagogy

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Chapter 6 - Classrooms for Diversity: Rethinking Curriculum & Pedagogy

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A Class That Turned Around Kids' Assumptions of Gender Roles!

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Chapter 8 - Queer Lessons: Sexual & Gender Minorities in Multicultural Education

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Chapter 8 - Queer Lessons: Sexual & Gender Minorities in Multicultural Education

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Chapter 9 - Approaches to Multicultural Curriculum Reform

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Chapter 9 - Approaches to Multicultural Curriculum Reform

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Levels of Integration

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Reform need to focus on affirming student identities efforts

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Who am I?

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Source: ASCD.org

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Source: edexcellence.net

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Banks defines as: “the symbolic meanings by which the members of a group or society communicate with and understand themselves, each other, and the world.”

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Chapter 11 - Language Diversity & Schooling

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Chapter 11 - Language Diversity & Schooling

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“Academic achievement is almost wholly dependent on family background rather than on what goes on in schools”

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“It is arguably the case that schools work largely to reproduce and maintain class inequalities rather than fundamentally challenge them.”

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Chapter 12 -  Educational Equality for students with Disabilities

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Chapter 12 -  Educational Equality for students with Disabilities

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Chapter 13 - Culturally Responsive Special Education in Inclusive Schools

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Chapter 13 - Culturally Responsive Special Education in Inclusive Schools

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Over-representation of Minority Students in Special Education

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Over-representation of Minority Students in Special Education

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Minority Overrepresentation in Special Education

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Chapter 15 - Communities, Families, and Educators Working Together for School Improvement

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Chapter 15 - Communities, Families, and Educators Working Together for School Improvement

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Chapter 16 - Classroom Assessment and Diversity

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Chapter 16 - Classroom Assessment and Diversity

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Investigating Potential Bias through Statistical Analysis

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Investigating Potential Bias through Statistical Analysis

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List and briefly defend the the top 2-3 components of multicultural education. 

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“Decades of research point to an array of K-16+ mechanisms of exclusion that serve to relegate poor and working-class students to less-valued positions in the economy…”

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Inclusivity education transforms classrooms and lives.

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Inclusivity education transforms classrooms and lives.

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Cultural Responsiveness reduces prejudices and inequities.

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Now:
Supports students
Then:
Racial segregation

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Components of Multicultural Education - Prompt 1

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Components of Multicultural Education - Prompt 1

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Educational equity to transform our schools.

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Justice for all.

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Historical oppression leads to current prejudices.

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Historical oppression leads to current prejudices.

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Frustrating how
white men
dominate all.