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The form of communication Egyptians used was writings called "hieroglyphics" which consisted of scriblings on papyrus paper that was made up of mashed up papyrus reed plants that grew along the Nile River.

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The surrounding valley was ideal for people to settle around because it's fertile land and because it was a source of water the people could use for drinking and bathing. Africans and southwest Asians developed civilizations along the Nile.  It was referred to as "Kemet" which means black land because of it's dark rich soil. The water of the Nile was also very important for growing crops. Egyptians called it the creator of "All good". It is the longest river in the world flowing about 4,000 miles. It is also known as the "lifeblood" of Egypt.

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Some of the Pharaohs include: King Tutankhamen,  King Ramses II, King Amenhotep, Queen Hatshetsup.

King Ramses II-  Was one of the most successful Pharaohs who ruled from 1279 B.C-1213 B.C. He conquered Canaan and then moved north into Syria, defeated the Hittites who lived in present day Turkey.

King Amenhotep IV (later changed his name to Akhenaton)- His wife was the well-known Nefertiti. He took power in 1370 B.C. He tried to change the religion of Egypt and he lessened the priests authority. Under his rule, he moved the capital city to Akhetaton. After his death, his son-in-law Tutankhamen took power.

King Tutankhamen- "The Boy King" was the youngest king who took power at the age of 10 and ruled until he was 19 when he died of unknown causes.

Queen Hatshetsup (1473 B.C.)- She made herself pharaoh and ruled on behalf of her nephew. She was the first and only female pharaoh, built magnificent temples and restored monuments. She was one of the most successful rulers.

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The tombs were the final resting places of the Pharaohs.
Some of the items that were found in the pyramids included: gold, sarcophagus, other prized possessions, mummified pets, as well as other artifacts