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Pine wood

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Raw materials are materials taken directly from nature that we process into other materials to make products with. We clasify them according to their origin into animal (wool, for example), plant(cotton, for example) and mineral(marble for example).

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Wool

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Cotton

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Marble

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We prepare or refine raw materials to obtain natural materials. For example, wood is a natural material. However we can not make a cabinet out of wood without preparing it first; in other, we remove the bark,cut it into boards or planks, sand it,etc.

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When we process raw materials, they become processed materials, (also called manufactured materials)
When we process a material,the result is very different to its raw material( think about the plastics we obtain from crude oil, for example).
We obtain products from both naturakll and processed materials.

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Brick

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Lycra

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Cement

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Linen

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Plywood

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Gold

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Nylon

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Slate

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Woods
Natural woods : pine, beech, oak, ebony etc.
Man made wood: Plywood and chipboard
Deivatives: Paper, cardboard and cork.
Metals:
Ferreous metals: Iron, steel, cast metals etc.
Non-ferreous metals: zinc, gold, silver, copper, aluminium, nickel etc.
Plastics:
Natural: Latex
Synthetic: nylon, latex, silicone etc.
Textiles:
Natural: Animal,( wool, silk...) or plant(cotton, lynen...)
Synthetic: Lycra, nylon,  polyester...
Construction materials:
Stone: Marble, slate, clay...
Blinders: Plaster, cement, concrete...
Ceramic: Bricks, tiles, porcelain...

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Mechanical properties:
Hardness: The resistance of a material to being scratched
or pierced. For example diamond is hard whereas cotton is soft.
Toughness: The resistance of a material to being broken when we strike it. The oppsite of tough is brittle. Glass is an example of a brittle material.
Deformability: The ability of a material to be deformed. The opposite of deformability is rigidity. If a material is deformable, it can be elastic( if itc recivers its initial shape like rubber)or plastic ( if it is deformed like plasticine).
Ductility: The ability of a material to be strcched into a wire. Copper is a ductile material.
Maleabillity: the ability of a material to be pressed or rolled into a sheet. Paper is a malleable material.

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Paper

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Iron

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Latex