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Should scientific research be subject to ethical constraints or is the pursuit of all
scientific knowledge intrinsically worthwhile?
(Topic: stem cell research, antibiotics study (Florey and Chain?))

In what ways have developments in science challenged long-held ethical values?
Can moral disagreements be resolved with reference to empirical evidence?

(Topic: polygenic inheritance e.g. skin colour)

How might we, as members of the public, judge whether to accept scientific
findings if we do not have detailed scientific knowledge?

(Topic: gene therapy, genetic modification)

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Could there be scientific problems that are currently unknown because the technology needed to reveal them doesn’t exist yet?

-This is useful because it ties with "How can it be scientific knowledge changes over time?"

- Atomic Structure evolution of the atom.

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How can it be that scientific knowledge changes over time?

Links well to atomic theory development, periodic table structure, element definition......

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Is prediction the primary purpose of scientific knowledge?
Links to teaching:
- can consider how we utilize experimental data to confirm or adjust predictions
- use theories, such as those related to intermolecular forces, to predict physical properties of substances such as volatility
- predictions are not the sole purpose of scientific knowledge - consider do predictions seek to explain?
- predictions help organize knowledge and thoughts associated with it.

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1. Is bias inevitable in the production of knowledge? ( to what extent is Duffy's "feminist" poetry valuable? how do we guard against bias? Does it have a role to play in non literary texts - gender, stereotypes, cultural context)
2. In what ways do our values affect what we know? (consider loaded language, stereotypes, presumptions, confirmation bias, information bubble, cultural context, censorship, language evolution and taboo/re - appropriation Vietnam war text
3. What role does imagination play in producing knowledge about the world? (in what ways can creators of fiction texts give us valuable knowledge/act as interpreters, highlight erroneous knowledge? )

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Is splitting competitions by gender effective in ensuring fairness?

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 5: Cambodian Civil War

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 5: Cambodian Civil War

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1. To what extent is it desirable to understand the past objectively?

2. Who should take responsibility for war crimes like genocide?

3. Is hindsight bias useful or misleading to historians?

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 4: The Vietnam War

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 4: The Vietnam War

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1. Is empathy necessary for understanding causation in history?

2. To what extent are models and theories useful to political decision makers?

3. Should historians address counterclaims when writing history?

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 1: The Malayan Emergency

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History - IBDP - Paper 3 HL - Cold War Conflicts in Asia - Unit 1: The Malayan Emergency

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1. Does the way we classify conflicts constrain our perspectives on them?

2. To what extent Is using ‘schools of thought’ to generalise perspectives useful in History?

3. Should morality guide military decisions in wartime?

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Theme: Identity
TOK concept: bias
What defines a ‘typical Japanese’ person and  what is ‘typical’ Japanese?
アイデンティティー・経験
コンセプト：固定観念
どんなことが「典型的な日本（人）なのでしょうか。そして、どのようにしてあなたは「典型的である」ことがわかるのでしょうか。

Do you eat sushi every day?

毎日お寿司を食べますか。

Theme: Sharing the planet
私たちの地球
KQ: How do you know the word ‘mottainai’ is the best to  represent Japanese rubbish issues?
*mottainai means 'what a waste!'
どうして「もったいない」という言葉が日本のごみ問題をよく表現している言葉なのでしょうか。

Theme: Experience
(When reading about each person bring a plastic bag when going excursion-bringing rubbish home etc./ when learning about how to write guideline for entering public bath/ when reading an article about 'stand on the left in Tokyo')
What would inspire/change/affect your ideas or view of the world when you are in a different culture?
異文化で過ごす時、どのようなことがあなたの考えや世界観を変えますか。

Theme: （When introducing/reading 'aibo'-pet dog robbot or chess players against AI)
Human ingenuity
How do developments in AI in Japan change the Japanese traditional cultural events/rituals?
日々の暮らし
日本のAI技術の発展はどのように日本の伝統文化や通過儀礼を変化させるでしょうか。

Social organization:
(When reading/learning about women's status in Japan, when talking about 'hikikomori')
What opportunities, challenges, and changes does the 21st century Japanese workplace bring?
２１世紀の日本社会の職場はどんなことをもたらすでしょうか。

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Is it possible for us to know how much would our own experience change our attitude of life?

To what extent are people's  experiences different from one another if they have experienced the same thing?

Do you think learning about Experiences should be an integral part of learning a Language?

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Identity
1. How languages construct different people's personal identity?

2. How does the concepts of beauty infect people's allusion of life?

3. What is the difference between main-stream culture and sub-culture?

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Human ingenuity:
1.Have  smart phones replaced normal communication among young people ? What is normal communication?
2. To what extand do you think that AI can take over the job market? Do you want this?
3. Do  online entertainment activities have the same effect as offline ones?

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Identities

How do I present myself to others?

How do I express my identity?

How do I achieve a balanced and healthy lifestyle?

Experiences

How does travel broaden our horizons?

How would my life be different if I lived in another culture?

What are the challenges of being a teenager?

How are customs and traditions similar or different across cultures?

Human ingenuity

How do science and technology affect my life?

How do I use media in my daily life?

What can I learn about culture through entertainment?

Social organization

What purpose do rules and regulations have in society?

What is my role in society?

What options do I have in the world of work?

Sharing the planet

What can I do to help the environment?

How does my surroundings affect the way I live?

What can I do to make the world a better place?

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Can we replace the necessity for travel by virtual communication? Would we want it if completely possible?

The word 'propaganda' usually has negative implications. Are there any times when it can be positive?

Colonialism is often defined as a 'civilisation mission' simed at populations 'less civilised'. What does 'civilised' actually mean?

Is it important to know if you are an emigrant, immigrant, or other to understand and talk about your personal identity?

To what extent does the langugae you speak or languages you speak determine your personality?

Do you have the same personality when you communicate in different languages?

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1. ¿Cómo sabemos si un país es sano o no? How do we know if a country is healthy or not?
2. ¿Qué significa ser guatemalteco? What does it mean to be Guatemalan?
3. ¿Hasta qué punto influyen las lenguas que hablamos en la identidad? To what extent do languages influence our identity?
4. ¿Cómo podemos definir una "generación"? How can we define a "generation?
5. ¿Cómo contribuye la etnia a la identidad? How does ethnicity contribute to identity?
6. ¿Es importante recordar a los antepasados? Is it important to remember our ancestors?
7. ¿Cuándo y cómo pasa una persona de niño a adulto? When and how do people become adults?
8. ¿Cómo sabemos que civilizaciones avanzadas existían en las Américas antes de la llegada de los europeos? How do we know that advanced civilisations existed in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans?
9. ¿Cómo se puede justificar las corridas de toros en el mundo de hoy? How can bullfights be justified in the moden world
10. ¿Cómo podemos clasificar un lugar como remoto? How can a place be judged as being remote?
11. ¿Por qué existe el deseo de migrar en el ser humano? Why does the wish to migrate exist in human beings?
12. ¿Cómo sabemos que los bailes son importantes en la cultura hispana? How do we know that dances are important in hispanic culture?
13. ¿Cómo sientes al escuchar música de los países de habla hispana? How do you feel when you listen to music from Spanish-speaking countries?
14. ¿Cómo influye la lengua en el uso de nuevas tecnologías? How does language influence the usage of new technologies?
15. ¿Reflejan las películas la cultura de su país de origen? Do films reflect the culture of their countries of origin?
16. ¿Cómo se puede juzgar una obra de arte? How can you judge a work of art
17. ¿Cuán importante es la familia en el mundo hispano? How important is family in the Spanish-speaking world?
18. ¿Hasta qué punto son diferentes o similares los colegios en países diferentes? To what extent are schools different or similar in different countries?
19. ¿Por qué elegimos ejercer ciertas profesiones? Why do we choose to do certain jobs or professions?
20. ¿Por qué castigamos ciertos actos? Why do we punish certain acts?
21. ¿Cómo sabemos que la sociedad latinoamericana es machista? How do we know that Latin American society is male-dominated?
22. ¿Cuán importante es el turismo sustentable en el mundo hispano? How important is sustainable tourism in the Spanish-speaking world?
23. ¿Vale la pena reciclar? Is it worth recycling?
24. ¿Cómo sobrevivir la destrucción causada por un desastre natural? How can one survive the destruction caused by a natural disaster?
25. ¿Por qué debemos interesarnos en el mundo natural? Why should we be interested in the natural world?
26. ¿Hasta qué punto es posible ayudar a la gente pobre en otro país? To what extent is it possible to help poor people in other countries?

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Do mathematical processes allow us to be completely objective when faced with uncertainty?

Topic: Statistics and Probability

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Marketing

How do we know if customers are really loyal to a brand?

To what extent is consumer behaviour rational?

Do Customers really know what they want?

Human Resources

Is conflict between stakeholder groups inevitable?

Can individual motivation only emerge internally or can it be created externally?

What types of knowledge, skills and attitudes might future business leaders and employees need?

Economics and Environment/ Development

Is economic progress killing the planet?

How do you measure progress? How do you know if we're going forward or backward?

If economists don't know how to measure progress, on what basis do they give policy advice to governments?

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In what sense are imaginary numbers really "imaginary"? Does that mean that they aren't real?

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Is watching football unethical?

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Can statistics really help us understand sport?

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Can sporting excellence really be determined by genetics ?

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What difficulties can a coach have when determining motivation?

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How can we make judgments about unobservable phenomena?
Topic: Schema theory

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To what extent is our knowledge determined by the history of its development?
Topic: Cognitive development

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Are models useful even when they are false?
Topic: Models of memory