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1.- DURATION FROM THE PAST UNTIL NOW.

I´ve been an engineer for 5 years.

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2.- EVENT IN THE PAST AT AN UNSPECIFIED TIME

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2.- EVENT IN THE PAST AT AN UNSPECIFIED TIME

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We´ve been to Malawi.

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3.- REPEATED EVENTS IN THE PAST UNTIL NOW.

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3.- REPEATED EVENTS IN THE PAST UNTIL NOW.

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They´ve had five cars in the past 2 years.

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Our daughter has grown a lot lately.

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5.- UNCOMPLETED ACTIONS THAT IS EXPECTED TO HAPPEN

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5.- UNCOMPLETED ACTIONS THAT IS EXPECTED TO HAPPEN

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They haven´t finished the project yet.

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Look a picture. What was happened? Choose from the box.

1. She has closed the door.
2. They have gone to bed.
3. It has a stopped raining.
4. It has had a shower.
5. He has a shower.
6. The has fallen down.
IMAGEN

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15.2 Complete the sentences with a verb from the box.

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15.2 Complete the sentences with a verb from the box.

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1. ´ve finished.
2. Have bought.
3. Ha gone.
4. Have you seen her?
5. Has broken.
6. Have told.
7. Has taken.
8. Haven´t seen.
9.Has she gone?
10. Have forgotten.
11. Has invited.
12. Have you decided?
13. Haven´t told.
14. Have read.

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Write a sentences with just for each picture.

1. They´ve just arrived.
2. He has just gotte up.
3. They have just bought a new car.
4. The race have just strated.

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16.2 Complete the sentences. Use already+present pefect.

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16.2 Complete the sentences. Use already+present pefect.

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1. He´s has already arrived.
2. No, they have already seen.
3. I have already phoned him.
4. He´s already gone.
5. I have already read it.
6. Seh has already started.

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1.
2. The bus has just gone.
3. The train hasn´t left yet.
4. He hasn´t opened it yet.
5. They have just finished their dinner.
6. It hasn´t stopped raining yet.

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1. They´ve just arrived.
2. He has just gotten up.
3. They have just bought a new car.
4. The race have just started.

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1.
2.
3. Have you ever been to Australia.
4. Have you ever been lost you passport?
5. Have you ever flown in a helicopter?
6. Have you ever won a race?
7. Have you ever been to New York?
8. Have you ever driven a bus?
9. Have you ever broken your leg?

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17.2.1 Write sentences about Helen. (Look at her answers in Exercise 17.1)

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17.2.1 Write sentences about Helen. (Look at her answers in Exercise 17.1)

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1.
2. She has been to Australia once.
3. She hasn't never won a race.
4. She has flown in a helicopter a few times.

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17.2.2 Now write about yourself. How often have you done these things?

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17.2.2 Now write about yourself. How often have you done these things?

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. I have never been to New York.
2. I have never been play tennis.
3. I have never driven a lorry.
4. I have been late for work school sometimes.

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1. She has had many different jobs.
2. She has written ten books.
3. She has met a lot of interesting people.
4. She has been married three times.

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2. gone
3.  been / been
4. been
5. gone
6. been
7. been
8.  gone

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3. have been
4. has been
5. have lived or have been living
6. has worked / has been working
7. has had
8. have been learning

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2. How long have they been in Brazil / how long have they been there?

3. How long have you known her/amy?

4. How long has she been learning Italian?

5. How long has he lived in Canada?/How long has he been living in Canada?

6. How long have you been a teacher?

7. How long has it been raining?

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2. She's lived in Wales all her life.
3. They've been on holiday since Sunday.
4. The sun has been shining all day.
5. She's been waiting for 10 mins.
6. He's had a beard since he was 20.

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1. has lived
2. I know
3. I've known
4.have you been waiting
5. works
6. has been reading
7. have you lived
8. I've had
9. is / he has been

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1.-  since
2.- for
3.- for
4.-since
5.-since
6.-for
7.-for
8.- for/since

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1.- a fifteen hours ago.
2..- two months ago.
3. a year ago.
4. two weeks ago.
5. three months ago.

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1.- three days
2.- for three days ago
3.-for 20 years
4.-20 years ago
5.-an hour ago
6.- a few days ago
7.- for six months
8.- for a long time

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1.-
2.-.Jack has been here since Tuesday.
3.it's been raining since an hour ago
4. I've known Sue since 2002
5. Claire and Matthew been married for six months
6. Liz has been studying medicine at university for three years
7. David has played the piano since he was 7 years old.

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1.- I've lived in Tampico city for 19 years old.

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- When we want to ask someone if they have ever done something, we use ever in the present perfect. We place ever between the person and the participle of the main verb

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1. Have you ever been to England?

2. Has she ever met the Prime Minister?

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 “Ever” is used to refer to at any time.

 It usually comes between the auxiliary verb ( have or has ) and the main verb.

(We use “ever” mostly in questions)

Examples: 

 Have you ever met her?  

Have you ever cooked cheesecake?

 Have you ever heard this sound?

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Never” is used to refer to not at any time. It usually comes between the auxiliary verb ( have or has ) and the main verb.

(We use “never” in negative sentences ( negative meaningful ))

Examples:
I have never been to America.

We have never heard anything so stupid.

She has never flown in a plane before.

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We use it to emphasise that something happened before something else or earlier than expected.

Already can come between the auxiliary and the past participle verb or at the end of the clause (sentence)

1.I've already spent my salary!
2. I've already seen the movie.
3. The train has left already!

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We use it to emphasise that we expect something to happen soon.

YET is only used in negative sentences and questions.

YET comes at the END of the sentence or question.

1. Have you finished your project yet?
2. I haven't finished it, yet.
I'll do it tomorrow after dinner

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GONE
Is used to describe an action that has not yet completed. If someone tells you: "I've gone to the UK" it means that they have gone to the UK, but have not returned yet.

BEEN
Is used to describe a visit that has already been completed. If someone says to you: "I've been to the UK" it means that they have traveled there and returned.

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1. Where has Richard gone?

2. Joan’s just gone to the shop. She’ll be back in about ten minutes.

1. Have you ever been to Italy?

2. Joan’s just been to the shop. She bought some cakes. Would you like one?

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A short time ago.

Just comes between the auxiliary (have/has) and the past participle.

1. I've just seen Susan coming out of the cinema!!!
2. Have you just taken my pen?!

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We use "still" for actions or events that have not yet occurred, especially when we expect them to have already occurred.

It is often used with other tenses as well, but "still" always comes before the verb, regardless of the tense we use.

1. They still haven’t finished their homework.

2. I took two pills, but I still have a headache.

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For is used with a period of time. This is often a number plus a time word.
- For is used when we measure the duration of something or how long it lasts. It has a start point and an end point and can be used in different tenses.

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1. We always run for at least one hour every day.

2. He has been studying English for a long time.

3. They have lived in Altamira for eighteen years.

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Since is used with a starting point or a time or date. It refers to something that started in the past and continues until now.
- Since is mostly used with the present perfect and perfect progressive tense.

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1. My brother has been sick since Friday.

2. We have been waiting for you since 3 o’clock.

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The United Nations is an international  organization that arms. to prevent war and improve Public Health Human Rights and environmental conditions through out the world.
The United Nations is ...... of 193 countries and its head quarters are in New York City.

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The United Nations is an international  organization that aims. to prevent war and improve public health, human rights, and environmental conditions throughout the world.
The United Nations is made up of 193 countries and its headquarters are in New York City.

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While living in Paris working for continental Edison Company ............ engineer and physicist Nikola Tesla immigrated to the USA in 1884  in order to work for Edison machine works in New York.
Tesla last the Company shortly after however to sep up his own laboratories in 1888 something westinghouse electric begin licensing the patentes to Tesla's invention of the alternating current induction motor and it's the system for ........ public electric power.

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While living in Paris working for continental Edison Company, famed-Serbian engineer and physicist, Nikola Tesla immigrated to the USA in 1884  in order to work for Edison machine works in New York.
Tesla left the Company shortly after, however, to sep up his own laboratories in 1888 something Westinghouse Electric began licensing the patentes to Tesla's invention of the alternating-current induction motor and it's the system for distributing public electric power.

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1. worked

2. broke

3. have forgotten

4. checked

5. have cleaned

6. visited

7. have not been

8. played

9. Have/ done

10. have not cleaned

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1. A
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. B

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1. A
2. A
3. B

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1. B

2. B

3. B

4. C

5. A

6. B

7. B

8. C

9. C

10. A

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1. a, b, c, g
2. b, d, f, g
3. d,e,f
4. a, b
5. b, d
6. b, d

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1.  Simon didn't order a pizza.

2. The pupils weren't in the gym.

3. She hasn't sent an invitation card.

4. The children haven't cleaned their teeth.

5. A thief didn't steal the handbag.

6. Matthew didn't look after the baby.

7. He hasn't missed the school bus.

8. I didn't wake up at 8 o'clock.

9. You haven't understood the text.

10. We've not worked in a snack bar.