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Solid Waste Management in the respective countries of the participants – Sharing of current waste management state by countries

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Solid Waste Management in the respective countries of the participants – Sharing of current waste management state by countries

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In Bhutan, we use landfills and composting generally; recently, the capital has an incinerator. But, at the place where I work, we don't have incineration facilities except a mini-one for infectious medical waste.
Some NGO are collaborating with community to recycle plastics into usable products; we sell scrap metals, plastic bottles, bottles to India as we don't have recycling plants.
we do segregate waste at house hold level into two types as degradable and non-degradable and we have separate collection schedule.

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Solid waste here in the capital of Nigeria is handled by PPP I.e collection and disposal. The waste are not segregated at source and there are so many illegal dumping sites as no strict enforcement of penalty. quite a number of independent recycling hubs have sprung up and currently repurposing plastic waste.

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Solid waste here in the capital of Nigeria is handled by PPP I.e collection and disposal. The waste are not segregated at source and there are so many illegal dumping sites as no strict enforcement of penalty. quite a number of independent recycling hubs have sprung up and currently repurposing plastic waste.

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Adamu, Saidu Gaji from NESREA, Nigeria. The major solid waste management in Nigeria is from private waste manager who collect and send to dump site or in some cases dump to campanie that recly 

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Adamu, Saidu Gaji from NESREA, Nigeria. The major solid waste management in Nigeria is from private waste manager who collect and send to dump site or in some cases dump to campanie that recly 

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Solid Waste management in our country (Bahrain) is one of the main challenges we are facing because we are very small island and we have only one landfill for domestic waste and other landfill for only hazardous waste . Due to that,Bahrain has established national waste management strategy that highlighted the weaknesses that we have and how we can eliminated them . One of the things Bahrain are working for is reduce to amount of waste going to the landfill as possible by encourage recycling and by putting a plan to launch a waste to energy plant . Bahrain Future waste management will rely mainly on incineration instead of disposal in Landfill. 

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Solid Waste management in our country (Bahrain) is one of the main challenges we are facing because we are very small island and we have only one landfill for domestic waste and other landfill for only hazardous waste . Due to that,Bahrain has established national waste management strategy that highlighted the weaknesses that we have and how we can eliminated them . One of the things Bahrain are working for is reduce to amount of waste going to the landfill as possible by encourage recycling and by putting a plan to launch a waste to energy plant . Bahrain Future waste management will rely mainly on incineration instead of disposal in Landfill. 

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-  Its managed and run by Waste Management Cooperation which is a SOE
-The waste is collected directly even though its not easy and carried onto barges to be transported
-The waste is transported to Thilafushi, a separate island for landfills.
-The waste is incinerated and used as reclamation material.
-Very little are recycled or taken to reuse

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solid waste in the Gambia is a big challenge even thought we have one of the best regulations but proper enforcement is a big challenge.  

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solid waste in the Gambia is a big challenge even thought we have one of the best regulations but proper enforcement is a big challenge.  

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This because some of the fine or charges are very small and also our family ties are so close that it affects our enforcement

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In Peru is mostly dealt by the local governments. To certain extent is a bit more advanced in some big cities in the coast. In the highlands is basically in landfillls. there are some initiatives for implementing recycling and do some other friendly environment initiatives. There are also some fines for public littering.

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Allen - Grenada Solid Waste Management Authority

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Allen - Grenada Solid Waste Management Authority

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Grenada is a 134.6 square miles island, with a population of 110,000; generating approximately 45,000 tonnes per annum; approximately 1.1 kg/person
Comingled waste is collected by waste collection contractors using rear loading compactor trucks twice per week in every village (urban and rural - 98% of Island). Bulky items are collected by the contractor twice per month with open tipper trucks.
Contractor's are selected via open tender format and contracted for a period of 5 years.
ICI waste is handled privately and deposited at the Landfill
There is one landfill that have exceeded its capacity and new cells have be developed at a high cost close by in sloping rocky area.

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Solid waste management in Ghana
In Ghana,  environmental sanitation services are provided by the private sector on full cost recovery basis, under franchise, concession agreements or through contracting. We’re currently trying to move away from landfills since the acquisition of lands are becoming more challenging. We’re looking at Material recovery sites.

However, through the support of the private sector, we’re evacuating illegal dump sites within the 16 regions, also we’ve also provided street litter bins at the various ceremonial streets to reduce littering in Ghana. We’ve also constructed  Integrated Recycling and Compost Plants within the capital city of the 16 regions in Ghana through PPP

In addition, we’ve 4 landfill sites within the 4 major cities in Ghana. In the capital Accra, we generate 4,000 tonnes of waste daily. 75% of the generated waste are mainly organic.

Challenges: ineffective monitoring by the Metro, Municipal and District Assemblies on waste collectors

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Waste Management in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) - Tushara M. 

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Waste Management in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) - Tushara M. 

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-  The primary state agency with the specific responsibility to manage the collection, handling, treatment and disposal of solid waste in T&T.
- Waste management is done in conjunction with the local government through Regional Corporations utilising mainly REL and top loaders.
- There 3 main landfills on Trinidad (Beetham, Forres Park and Guanapo). In Tobago we have the Studley Park.
-Domestic and commercial wastes from the public all go to the landfills with no fees attached.
- Private Contractors are utilised for handling heavy oil wastes and chemicals coming out of our oil and gas and petrochemical sectors.
- SWMCOL also handles some recyclables (plastic, tetra pak, glass, aluminum and paper) through a national project at a Materials Recovery Facility.
- Illegal dumping and littering are  concerns within T&T.

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Government through the  national solid waste mangement authority contracts with private individauls who  provides a weekly pick up of  household waste which is mixed waste not seperated and it goes to the landfill at cooks. private business must transport thier own waste. Residents are asked to take their plastic bottles to a NGO processing site. All the recycling actions are done by NGO's out of passion and commitment-no support is provided by government even though they collect an environmental levy.. We have plastics recycling and upcycling, paper and cardboard, heavy oils into diesel and asphalt for roads, cooking oils, metal recycling but all needs to be upscaled  but requires equipment and technology
We have started mercury phase out so special containers provided for bulbs and mercury added products and this is done by

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In Palestine we have 15 joint service council for solid waste management

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Waste Management in St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG)

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Waste Management in St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG)

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-Performed by the Solid Waste Management Unit
-Statutory body attached to water company
-Environmental fee collected through water bill
-Licensing Method is in the laws but not enforced

Collection:  No waste separation at source
-Partially privatized
- Comingled
-curbside collection
- areas that this cannot be performed there are collection points

disposal Method - landfilling -5 landfills
fees are charged for hazardous waste and high quantities of C&D through big construction projects.... no tipping fees for regular waste

Recycling is done by Private Sector- mainly metals, batteries and plastic
- non is processed on island - all exported

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In Ecuador, we do not have an integral solid waste management country model. Each province or state has its own model. Most of them, combine an PPP alliance, and the principal activity is the collection and disposal to landfills. In the last years, big cities as Quito and Guayaquil, are implementing an integral wastes industries in order to recover recicable materiales.

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solid waste is a major challenge in Nigeria and is mostly manage by private campany

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solid waste is a major challenge in Nigeria and is mostly manage by private campany

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In residential areas, each
individual equips the house with a household storage in
the form of plastic or metal bin or the fixed brick-box
in front of the house.
Commercial, industrial and institutional areas:
The generators should be responsible and collect the
wastes by using their own handcart and take it to a
transfer station.
The street: Each household is responsible for the
removal of waste in front of his house. Wastes from main
roads are swept by the municipal employees.
Retail market area: there are two types, permanently and temporary which is permanent markets are adjacent to the roads and accesible by the trucks to transport the wastes directly to final disposal site. And temporary provides handcarts to collect wastes from each shop to transfer station.

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Peru’s solid waste management needs improvement: more than 76 percent of Peruvian municipalities dispose of their waste in open dumps. Under a recent law, cities and towns were required to develop plans for collecting, treating, and disposing of waste in socially and environmentally acceptable ways. 

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Peru’s solid waste management needs improvement: more than 76 percent of Peruvian municipalities dispose of their waste in open dumps. Under a recent law, cities and towns were required to develop plans for collecting, treating, and disposing of waste in socially and environmentally acceptable ways. 

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In Madagascar, the waste  management in general present a problem for environnement. our treatment on it remain rudimentary. No selection at source, waste directly transported to the dumpsite. no treatment

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In Madagascar, the waste  management in general present a problem for environnement. our treatment on it remain rudimentary. No selection at source, waste directly transported to the dumpsite. no treatment

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NGO's and private societies treat and transform waste like recycling  plastics, biogas, fertiliser

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due to high level of inter-marriage and close  family relationship negotiation on all matters are expected including national laws. for example the one you may take court is either your brother, sister or father in-law  

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due to high level of inter-marriage and close  family relationship negotiation on all matters are expected including national laws. for example the one you may take court is either your brother, sister or father in-law  

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Local governments are facing challenges in solid waste management in Nepal. The SWM in Nepal starts collection from door to door and ends in landfill site. The problem is to gain social consensus to get the suitable site for landfill site. People adjacent the proposed site usually considers it as negative externalities. I'd be more interested how your countries are handling social issues>

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There is no separation of waste at source (hazardous or non-hazardous). Waste is collected by private contractors contracted by Municipal Corporations.

Waste is deposited at any of the four landfills operated by a state agency and local governing body (3 major landfills in Trinidad and one in Tobago respectively). These however, are not sanitary engineered landfills, but instead are controlled sites. Permission is required for disposal of bulky wastes at the landfills.

There is a recycling initiative (plastic, tetrapak, glass, aluminum,) but it is on a project level and it is a precursor to implementation of a national beverage containers recycling legislation. The recyclables from this project are processed at a MRF at one of the Landfills ( the  first in the English speaking Caribbean) and a Beverage Containers Recycling Facility. There is also paper recycling, scrap metal recycling and e-waste brokerage (collection and testing locally  for disposal internationally).

Waste to Energy is under consideration as a possible waste treatment/disposal strategy.

There are no fees associated with collection or disposal of waste by the public. Illegal dumping is a local issue.

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Palau has 2 national landfills. One will be close soon and the new one will open. There's 11 dumpsites from each states. All the dumpsites will be closed once the new landfill open. Our government still have no plan how to close all the dumpsites. We have 2 recycling facilities that recycle beverage containers, compost, plastic-to-oil and e-waste project.

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Yes there is no organised system of waste segregation which makes it difficult for recyclers.

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Mardiah Hayati (ASEC) - Regional perspective

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Mardiah Hayati (ASEC) - Regional perspective

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I am representing ASEAN Secretariat so I would like to share regional perspectives, rather than national-level case studies. ASEAN is comprised of 10 member states of the Southeast Asia.

Most of the ASEAN countries have already established national strategies to address challenges related to waste management. But there are still many challenges: rapid growth of volumes of waste, enforcement of regulations, financing, and emerging issues (such as marine plastic debris).

Under the regional cooperation, projects such as ASEAN Environmental Model Cities Programme were initiated with the support of Dialogue Partners (in this case Japan). Such projects allow support to national/local pilot projects (add co-funding or seed funding) and most notably, promotion of peer / city-to-city learning opportunities. Among others, the project provided opportunity for ASEAN countries to be introduced to Indonesia’s initiative on “bank sampah” or waste banks.

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waste management cannot be seen as a standalone sector but must be linked to all processes and in our small island states where climate change and natural  disasters are impacting our countries, we have to take a different approach and link the sector