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1. Role of the Gods: "... Circe of Aeaea, the enchantress, desired me, and detained me in her hall" (Homer 953). Circe took him in and took care of him for a while till Odysseus wanted to leave.
2. Plot Points: "... Ithaca being most lofty in that coastal sea, and northwest, while the rest lie east and south" (Homer 953). Odysseus' ordinary world is living with his family in Ithaca.
3. Greek Values: "... I have been detained long by Calypso, loveliest among goddesses, who held me in her smooth caves, to be her heart's delight" (Homer 953). Calypso showed Odysseus hospitality as she welcomed him in into her island.
4. Characteristics: "Six benches were left empty in every ship that-evening when we pulled away from death" (Homer 954). Odysseus lost many men but, at least most of them escaped death.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Now zeus the lord of cloud roused in the north a storm against the ships..." (Homer 954). The journey was much harder when Zeus decided to make a storm.

2. Plot Points: "... All hands aboard: come, clear the bench and no one taste the Lotus, or you lose your hope of home" (Homer 955). Odysseus had to take the lead as everyones mentor or else the rest of his men would have ate the flower.
3. Greek Values: "Nine days I drifted on that teeming sea before dangerous high winds" (Homer 955). They stayed sailing even when the conditions where very dangerous for them.
4. Characteristics: "I drove them, all three wailing, to the ships, tied them down under their rowing benches..." (Homer 955). Although his men has eaten the lotus flowers he did not leave them behind.

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1. Role of the Gods: "But Zeus disdained my offering; destruction for my ships he has in store and death for those who sailed them, my companions" (Homer 111). Zeus destroyed their ships, making their journey even harder.
2. Plot Points:  "Let him lose all companions, and return under strange sail to bitter days at home" (Homer 111). Polyphemus ordered his father to destroy their ships, testing the mens capability to survive longer.
3. Greek Values: "... but in one stride he clutched at my companions and caught two in his hands like squirming puppies to beat their brains out, splattering the floor" (Homer 102). The cyclops took in the men and ate them and this is no way to treat his guest.
4. Characteristics: "Here's liquor to wash down your scraps of men." The mean were able to escape by outsmarting and blinding the cyclopes.

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1. Role of the Gods: "There Perimedes and Eurylochus pinioned..." (Homer 971). Odysseus and his men end up in the underworld were Hades rules.
2. Plot Points: "From every side they came and sought the put with rustling cries..." (Homer 971). He is beginning to understand who his allies and enemies are throughout his journey.
3. Greek Values: "... Elpenor, of our company, who lay unburied still on the wide earth" (Homer 971). Elpenor was one of his men and Odysseus promised his a proper burial after.
4. Characteristics: "Great captain, a fair wind and the honey lights of home are all you seek" (Homer 973). They are getting closer to returning home.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Circe foresaw for us and shared with me" (Homer 975). Odysseus and his men would encounter the sirens and Circe warned them of the dangers.
2. Plot Points: "As circe spoke, Dawn mounted her golden throne, and on the first rays Circe left me" (Homer 975). Circe is helping him out along with his men.
3. Greek Values: "So all rowed on, until the Sirens dropped under the sea rim..." (Homer 978). The men showed arete doing exactly what Odysseus ordered them to do, other than tie him down.
4. Characteristics: "My faithful company rested on their oars now, peeling off the wax that I had laid thick on their ears..." (Homer 978). His men were loyal and listened to what he told them to do.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Circe's bidding against arms has slipped my mind" (Homer 979). Circe is helping the men decide what to do and what way to take to help more of Odysseus' men survive when encountering the monsters, Scylla and Charybdis.
2. Plot Points: "We must obey the orders as I give them" (Homer 979). Odysseus is being a mentor for his men
3. Greek Values: "But as I sent them on toward Scylla, I told them nothing, as they could do nothing" (Homer 979). His men had to be courageous to go through Scylla and not back out.
4. Characteristics: "The rocks were now behind; Charybdis, too and Scylla dropped astern" (Homer 979). Odysseus' men were able to survive the challenges that the monsters  put on them.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Zeus Cronion piled a thunderhead above the ship" (Homer 984). Helios ordered Zeus to punish his men for eating her cattle.
2. Plot Points: "And the Lord Helios burst into angry speech amid the immortals..." (Homer 983). Odysseus' men were tested to see if they could listen and not eat the cattle, but they failed.
3. Greek Values: "... the cattle her are not for out provision, or we pay dearly for it" (Homer 981) The cows were not there for the men to take whenever. Helios wanted a ransom for them.
4. Characteristics: "There was none. The silken beeves of Helios were dead" (Homer 984). Odysseus had asked his men to not kill the cows, but they didn't listen.

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1. Role of the Gods: "A bow lover" (Homer 1007). The suitors has no idea who he was thanks to Athena for helping him conceal his identity.
2. Plot Points: "In the hushed hall it smote the suitors and all their faces changed" (Homer 1007). He passed the challenge.
3. Greek Values: "Odysseus in one motion strung the bow" (Homer 1007). He showed arete because, all he wanted was to show the suitors who he was and he did it perfectly.
4. Characteristics: "Now flashed arrow from twanging bow clean as a whistle through every socket ring" (Homer 1008). He succeeded in showing the suitors who was the boss.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Lithe and young, ruddy with sun, his jawline clean..." (Homer 996). Athena helped him become old looking to hide his identity.
2. Plot Points: "Then, throwing his arms around this marvel of a father Telemachus began to weep" (Homer 997). Odysseus' is testing everyones in the town to see if they remained loyal while he was at war.
3. Greek Values: "As for my change of skin, that is a charm Athena" (Homer 998). He is changing his physical form to disguise himself.
4. Characteristics: "I came to this wild place, directed by Athena, so that we might lay plans to kill our enemies" (Homer 997). Odysseus is smart in the way he wants kill the suitors.

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1. Role of the Gods: "In blood and dust he saw the crowd all fallen..." (Homer 1013) Athena was there to help Odysseus defeat the suitors.
2. Plot points: "... so lay the suitors heaped on one another" (Homer 1013). He has defeated the suitors and passed the test.
3. Greek Values: "He poured out at his feet a rain of arrows from the quiver and spoke to the crowd..." (Homer 1009). He showed courage, because he was afraid that they would defeat him.
4. Characteristics: "And Odysseus looked around him, narrow-eyed, and for any other who had laid hidden" (Homer 1013). He killed all the remaining suitors and took over his city once again.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Stranger, my looks, my face, my carriage.." (Homer 1004). Athena helped Odysseus look different so that he could see if Penelope was loyal to him all this time.
2. Plot Points: "... who are you, where do you come from, of what nation and parent were you born" (Homer 1003). Odysseus is testing Penelope to see is she was loyal.
3. Greek Values: "... Odysseus will come" (Homer 1005). Penelope honors her husband and is loyal to him.
4. Characteristics: "But you too confide in me, tell me your ancestry" (Homer 1005). He doesn't accidentally tell her too much and passes this test.

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1. Role of the Gods: "Athena lent him beauty, head to foot" (Homer 1015).  Athena helped him turn back to normal after he defeated the suitors.
2. Plot Points: "But her and now, what sign could be so clear as this of our own bead" (Homer 1016). Penelope finds out that he really is her husband and the reward is that they are staying together.
3. Greek Values: "With eyes brimming tears she ran to him, throwing her arms around his neck, and kissed him..." (Homer 1016). She stayed loyal to him and this showed a woman's role.
4.Characteristics: "... her white arms round him pressed as though forever" (Homer 1016). Odysseus passed Penelope's test and she is happy to know he really is her husband.