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https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/temperance-movement-and-prohibition

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26 - anti-saloon argument primary source

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26 - anti-saloon argument primary source

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https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-westerville-ohio-usa-15th-mar-2018-the-anti-saloon-league-museum-at-177202853.html?pv=1&stamp=2&imageid=0AE59F5E-645A-4C22-9FA9-40AD595E19D8&p=151045&n=0&orientation=0&pn=1&searchtype=0&IsFromSearch=1&srch=foo%3dbar%26st%3d0%26pn%3d1%26ps%3d100%26sortby%3d2%26resultview%3dsortbyPopular%26npgs%3d0%26qt%3danti%2520saloon%2520league%26qt_raw%3danti%2520saloon%2520league%26lic%3d3%26mr%3d0%26pr%3d0%26ot%3d0%26creative%3d%26ag%3d0%26hc%3d0%26pc%3d%26blackwhite%3d%26cutout%3d%26tbar%3d1%26et%3d0x000000000000000000000%26vp%3d0%26loc%3d0%26imgt%3d0%26dtfr%3d%26dtto%3d%26size%3d0xFF%26archive%3d1%26groupid%3d%26pseudoid%3d%26a%3d%26cdid%3d%26cdsrt%3d%26name%3d%26qn%3d%26apalib%3d%26apalic%3d%26lightbox%3d%26gname%3d%26gtype%3d%26xstx%3d0%26simid%3d%26saveQry%3d%26editorial%3d1%26nu%3d%26t%3d%26edoptin%3d%26customgeoip%3d%26cap%3d1%26cbstore%3d1%26vd%3d0%26lb%3d%26fi%3d2%26edrf%3d%26ispremium%3d1%26flip%3d0%26pl%3d

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History.com Editors. “18th And 21st Amendments.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, February 4, 2010. https://www.history.com/topics/united-states-constitution/18th-and-21st-amendments.

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Miron, Jeffrey A, and Jeffrey Zwiebel. “Alcohol Consumption During Prohibition.” NBER Working Papers Series, 1991. https://doi.org/10.3386/w3675.

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Hall, Wayne. “What Are the Policy Lessons of National Alcohol Prohibition in the United States, 1920–1933?” Wiley Online Library. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, March 10, 2010. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02926.x.

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The American Issue Publishing Company, a printer and distributer of phamphlets, leaflets, magazines, and books created by the Anti-Saloon League, circa 1918

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https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/images/18thamendment.pdf

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"The Eighteenth Amendment Ushers in the Prohibition Era: January 16, 1919." In North America, edited by Jennifer Stock. Vol. 6 of Global Events: Milestone Events Throughout History. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale, 2014. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 24, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/CJLUOC829571962/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=491703e3.

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Bever, Megan L. "Southern Prohibition: Race, Reform, and Public Life in Middle Florida, 1821-1920." The Alabama Review 68, no. 1 (2015): 120+. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 20, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/A396138042/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=f955e163.

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Fahey, David M. "The War on Alcohol: Prohibition and the Rise of the American State." The Historian 79, no. 1 (2017): 132+. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 20, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/A490718214/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=0b416c71.

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"The Volstead Act, 1919." In Gale U.S. History Online Collection. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2015. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 20, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/PISHHI530058902/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=03553e45.

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Martin, James Kirby. "Alcoholism in America: From Reconstruction to Prohibition." Journal of Social History 40, no. 3 (2007): 774+. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 19, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/A162457494/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=bfa4a19f.

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Anti-Saloon League
http://www.westervillelibrary.org/AntiSaloon/

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Prohibition: the 18th Amendment, the Volstead Act, the 21st Amendment, Prohibition: the 18th Amendment, the Volstead Act, the 21st Amendment § (1986).

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catching al capone -

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“U. S. To Sue Al Capone For $345,011 in Taxes.” The New York Times. September 28, 1937.

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Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES.

Credit... The New York Times Archives

See the article in its original context from
September 28, 1937, Page 18 Buy Reprints

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Michael L. Igoe, United States District Attorney, tomorrow will file suit in District Court to collect $345,011.96 in income taxes, penalties and interest from Al Capone. View Full Article in Timesmachine "

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U. S. to Sue Al Capone For $345,011 in Taxes

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Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES. See the article in its original context from September 28, 1937, Page 18 Buy Reprints TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Full text is unavailable for this digitized archive article. Subscribers may view the full text of this article in its original form through TimesMachine.

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- Alcohol abuse is responsible for a variety of social problems
- increased crime and poverty
- "robs people of their moral faculties"
- unhealthy
-lowers worker productivity.
- people cannot be counted on to restrict their own behavior, legislation is necessary to keep alcohol out of their hands
- States have a right to regulate business (12)

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Kauffman, Jill. “Temperance Movement: The Fight for an Alcohol-Free America.” July 10, 2008. Issues & Controversies in American History. Infobase Learning. https://icah.infobaselearning.com/icahfullarticle.aspx?ID=107210 (accessed February 19, 2020).

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"he had an innate public relations sense -- whether paying the hospital expenses of a middle aged woman bystander who had been severely wounded in the eye in a shoot-out aimed at killing him in cicero or opening soup kitchens for the destitute after the 1929 crash, even as he was about to go to jail for tax evasion" (11)

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"it can be argued that some of America's biggest villains during the Prohibition era were not the Al Capones, Johnny Torrios, Gus Morans, Dutch Schultzes, or Frank Costellos, but the political bosses in New York, Chicago, and elsewhere who used the underworld to their considerable advantage, [...] coniving police and law enforcement officials who supplemented their incomes with mobster money." (11)

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Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996.

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Judge, Phoebe. Carry A. Nation. Criminal. Podcast Audio. August 18, 2017.  https://thisiscriminal.com/episode-73-carry-a-nation-8-18-2017

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"The Dark Side of the 1920s." In Almanac and Primary Sources, edited by Kelly King Howes, 94-116. Vol. 1 of Roaring Twenties Reference Library. Detroit, MI: UXL, 2006. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 11, 2020). https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.nobles.edu/apps/doc/CX3448000015/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=11708cd0.

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Blum, Deborah. “The Little-Told Story of How the U.S. Government Poisoned Alcohol during Prohibition.” Slate Magazine. Slate, February 19, 2010. https://slate.com/technology/2010/02/the-little-told-story-of-how-the-u-s-government-poisoned-alcohol-during-prohibition.html.

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21st amendment ended the ban on alcohol (7)

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"the effects of prohibition-the rise of a criminal class, the corruption of public officials, and a widespread disrespect for the rule of law - represented a serious threat to American households and families"(7)

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law enforcement agencies lacked the resources to consistently and effectively enforce prohibition (7)

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bootlegging - the illegal distillation and sale of alcoholic beverages (7)

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Eighteenth Amendment - January 16, 1919
didn't outlaw alcohol, but many americans started stockpiling alcohol (7)

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"saloons and heavy drinking culture they fostered were associated with immigrants and members of the working class, and were seen as detrimental to the values of Christian denominations"

- anti saloon league
-- most powerfull pressure group in US History (changed the US constitution) (7)

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American temperance society started in 1826
- encouraged voluntary absence from alcohol
- influenced successor organizations
Religious sects became involved in temperance (Methodists)
- women were very influential (7)

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Getchell, Michelle. “Prohibition (Article) | 1920s America.” Khan Academy. Khan Academy. Accessed February 10, 2020. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/1920s-america/a/prohibition.

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war and ptsd lead to increased drinking

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government poisoning factories' alcohol

- many people became seriously ill
- doctors at first thought it was just messed up liquor, but instead, it was from the US Government (Federal Poisoning Program)

"Frustrated that people continued to consume so much alcohol even after is was banned, federal officials had decided to try a different kind of enforcement. They ordered the poisoning of industrial alcohols manufactured in the US, products stolen by bootleggers and resold as drinkable spirits"

- scare people into giving up drinking
- killed at least 10,000 people (8)

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the untouchables
- said to be incorruptible
- led by agent Eliot Ness
-- flawless reputation for honesty (9)
- in charge of making sure that people did not manufacture, buy, or consume any alcohol

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"people who had always followed rules now openly ignored the highest law of the land" (6)

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had tried to solve growing problems of drunkenness (6)

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7 of George "Bugs" Moran's men were waiting in a garage, Al Capone's men pulled up dressed in police uniforms. The 7 men lined up agains the wall expecting a police search, and were shot (6)

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Blumenthal, Karen. Bootleg: Murder, Moonshine, and the Lawless Years of Prohibition. 1st ed. New York: Roaring Book Press, 2011.

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st. valentines day murders and other crimes

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st. valentines day murders and other crimes

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supplied alcohol during prohibition (3)

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"His organization, later known as the Outfit, at its peak had over one thousand members and numerous associates."(3)

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“Carry A. Nation on the 'Legal Status of Prohibition and Joint Smashing'.” Issues & Controversies in American History. Infobase Learning. https://icah.infobaselearning.com/pdocument.aspx?ID=109570 (accessed February 6, 2020).

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people against it argued that allowing alcohol would help the economy - provide jobs, increase spending
(4)

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a way to protect life at home - men spending money in bars, domestic violence, didn't want young people to drink
(4)

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came to be because of an increasing consumption of alcohol (4)

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Kauffman, Heather. “Prohibition: Is Banning Alcohol a Social Necessity or Restriction of Freedom?” April 3, 2006. Issues & Controversies in American History. Infobase Learning. https://icah.infobaselearning.com/icahfullarticle.aspx?ID=107276 (accessed February 6, 2020).

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"Al Capone." In Violence in America, edited by Ronald Gottesman and Richard Maxwell Brown. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 5, 2020). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2350015015/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=cf03afda.

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the illegal selling of alcohol became a very profitable business (2)

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"Gangster Era." In Gale U.S. History Online Collection. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2019. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed February 5, 2020). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/WTPHIL563246847/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=15a499bf.

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1920s-30s

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"name given to the various mobs that controlled dozens of criminal enterprises in urban centers around the country"(2)

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"Prohibition." In Gale U.S. History Online Collection. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2019. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed January 27, 2020). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/IKOIIJ609668014/UHIC?u=mlin_m_noble&sid=UHIC&xid=ca6d3ab7.