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Def: It is a common problem in lenses which occurs when colors are incorrectly refracted by the lens.

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Def: Posterization of an image entails conversion of a continuous gradation of tone to several regions of fewer tones, with abrupt changes from one tone to another.

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Def: Aliasing occurs when a signal is sampled at a less than twice the highest frequency present in the signal. One common effect is a rainbow of colors across a fine repeating pattern which is Moire.

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Def: A compression artifact is the fuzz or distortion in a compressed image or sequence of video images. When a photo is compressed into a JPEG format, some data is lost, which is why this type of compression is called lossy compression.

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Def: Barrel lens distortion is an effect associated with wide-angle lenses and, in particular, zoom wide-angles. For pincushion distortion, straight lines are curved outwards from the center.

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Def: Advanced Photo System type-C, approximately 25.1×16.7 mm, an aspect ratio of 3:2.

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Def: A full-frame camera uses a sensor that's the same size as a single frame of traditional 35mm film, measuring 36 x 24mm.

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Def: It is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves into signals, small bursts of current that convey the information.

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Def: It is format factor or focal length multiplier of an image sensor format is the ratio of the dimensions of a camera's imaging area compared to a reference format

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Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte

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Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte

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Def: Storage on computers in order from smallest to largest

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Def: An early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.

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Def: Depends on high simplicity and involves using a minimal amount of compositional components such as shape, color, and line.

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Def: One of its aims is to use images of popular culture in art, emphasizing the banal or kitschy elements of any culture, most often through the use of irony.

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Def: The Avant-garde are people who are innovative and “cutting edge”. They work on experimental, pioneering, radical, or unorthodox things.

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Def: a style of art and literature developed principally in the 20th century, stressing the subconscious or non-rational significance of imagery arrived at by automatism or the exploitation of chance effects, unexpected juxtapositions, etc.

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Def: Appropriation in art is the use of pre-existing objects or images with little or no transformation applied to them.

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Def: A multiple exposure is the superimposition of two or more exposures to create a single image, and double exposure has a corresponding meaning in respect of two images.

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Def: Still life photography is a genre of photography used for the depiction of inanimate subject matter, typically a small group of objects.

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Def: Commercial photography means taking photos for commercial use. And by commercial we mean for business, for sales, for money.

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Def: Aerial photography is the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other flying object.

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Def: The honeycomb grid is a tight structure of a similar shape to the honeycomb made by honey bees. It's affixed to the front of a studio strobe. Or it can be fixed to an off-camera flash. The light shines through the grid and creates a tight beam of light. The aim is to create a focused beam with little diffusion

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Def: A beauty dish is a photographic lighting device that uses a parabolic reflector to distribute light towards a focal point.

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Def: In photography, a snoot is a tube or similar object that fits over a studio light or portable flash and allows the photographer to control the direction and radius of the light beam.

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Def: A softbox diffuses the light into a pleasing soft, even light. When used properly, it reduces harsh shadows. The closer the softbox is to the model or subject, the softer the light appears, emulating window light.

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Def: A monolight is a self-contained photographic flash lighting unit usually found in a studio. Each monolight has its own independent power source.

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Def: It shows the amount of tones of particular brightness found in your photograph ranging from black to white.

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Def: Anti-art is a loosely used term applied to an array of concepts and attitudes that reject prior definitions of art and question art in general.

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Def: Assemblage is an artistic form or medium usually created on a defined substrate that consists of three-dimensional elements projecting out of or from the substrate.

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Def: In photography and optics, a neutral-density filter, or ND filter, is a filter that reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition.

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Def: Cross processing is the deliberate processing of photographic film in a chemical solution intended for a different type of film.

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Def: Catchlight is a light source that causes a specular highlight in a subject's eye in an image.

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Def: It is a tool for adjusting tones to brighten, darken, add contrast and shift colors.

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Def: Levels is a tool in Photoshop and other image editing programs which can move and stretch the brightness levels of an image histogram.

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Def: A ring light is a simple lighting tool that is commonly used for beauty shots, portraits, and macro photography.

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Def: Tilt–shift photography is the use of camera movements that change the orientation and/or position of the lens with respect to the film or image sensor on cameras.

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Def: Straight Out Of Camera (not Photoshopped)

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Def: An ambrotype, in short, is an early form of a photograph in which the photo is created by placing a glass negative against a dark background.

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Def: Polaroid transfer is a photographic image-transfer process, or print making technique, which uses instant film. This way an image can be put on textiles, cups, glass and many other surfaces.

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Def: Photogravure is a photo-mechanical process whereby a copper plate is grained and then coated with a light-sensitive gelatin tissue which had been exposed to a film positive, and then etched, resulting in a high quality intaglio plate that can reproduce detailed continuous tones of a photograph.

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Def: Cyanotype is a photographic printing process that produces a cyan-blue print.

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Def: The chlorophyll process is an organic alternative photography process akin to the anthotype process.

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Def: Split lighting is a photography lighting technique. The light source that illuminates the subject is perpendicular to the model.

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Def:  It can be achieved using one light and a reflector, or two lights, and is popular because it is capable of producing images which appear both natural and compelling with a minimum of equipment.

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Def:  A loop lighting pattern is created by using a light source positioned just to the side and pointed downward toward the subject.

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Def: Butterfly lighting is a portrait lighting pattern where the key light is placed above and directly centered with a subject's face.

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Def:  Broad lighting is a portrait lighting pattern where the portion of the subject's face that is turned toward the camera is lit most brightly.

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Def: Short lighting, by definition, refers to when the main light illuminates the side of the face that is turned away from the camera.