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1. Bill Of Rights: Bill pointing out all the main individual rights from the constitution
2. Democracy: Form of government in which the common people hold political power and can rule either directly or through elected representatives
3. Republicanism: Ranges from the rule of a representative minority or oligarchy to popular sovereignty
4. Separation Of Powers: Powers and responsibilities are divided among the legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch
5. Checks And Balances: A system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power

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1. What was the Federalists' motivation for the judiciary act of 1801 and the "midnight judges"?
- The correct answer is to weaken the judicial branch of the government. This is the correct answer because this happened when Thomas Jefferson was becoming the new president. Since John Addams was getting kicked out during the middle of the night he created the midnight judges in an attempt to weaken the judicial branch of the government.

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2. Why did anti-federalists insist on the inclusion of the Bill of Rights before supporting the ratification of the constitution?
- The correct answer is that they wanted to protections to ensure the government could not infringe on individual rights. This is because they were scared it would become ratified and there would be massive lacks in individual rights for everyone. By doing this they get a much better chance of getting it ratified AND gaining individual rights as well.

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Explain how the fundamental principle of limited government is protected by the
Constitution and the Bill of Rights, including democracy, republicanism,
federalism, the separation of powers, the system of checks and balances, and
individual rights.