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Firstly, the home provides the person with a sense
of independence, security, privacy and comfort. The house confers considerable
control over access into private domain of the individual and the ability to close the
door on the outside world is central to retaining control over one’s life and
maintaining a sense of identity.

>>As the ageing process decreases functionality and health status, the physical aspects
of home such as steps and stairs can be transformed from unconscious presence to
tangible barriers.
>>> As well as loss of independence, many older interviewees in this research were
aware that inappropriate aspects of their living environment could lead to increasing
social isolation, for example, if their ageing friends and family themselves can no
longer manage stairs.
>>>The ENABLE-AGE study has shown
that frailty, loss of energy, decreased functionality and health problems all have the
potential to transform a comfortable and manageable home environment into a place
of social exclusion, isolation, fear and vulnerability.

Ageing in place in UK

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There are some indications that ‘staying put’ at home can benefit personal health either directly or indirectly. On the one hand, it has been demonstrated that good housing conditions can help to sustain good physical health and also good mental health (Altman et al. 1984; Burnholt and Windle 2001; Moore 2000).
"Ageing in Place in the United Kingdom"

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On the other hand, housing in poor condition can be detrimental to older people’s well-being and quality of life, for example asTinker (1997) illustrates, a damp home environment is directly linked to poorer health, while the incidence of falls (the main cause of accidental death in the over 75’s) is related to housing conditions and hazards within the home. In terms of mental health, poor quality housing can contribute to psychological distress (Evans 2003) and psychologically, a home which lacks positive meaning “provides no sense of se

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Home is also recognised as a place which helps to maintain independence and
autonomy (Sixsmith 1990; Moss 1997), especially important in Western cultures
where “dependency” is seen in very negative terms.
However,
the everyday lived experience of home is not always a highly positive one in later
life. Home should, for instance, be understood in terms of what a person is trying to
achieve in their lives, their life circumstances and their life transitions (Sixsmith and Sixsmith 1991). For some older people, home can become a virtual prison or a
tremendous burden. As people age, often with attendant health and functional
capacity declines, managing the home environment can be problematic. Self
adaptations to the home environment are often accompanied by adaptations of the
physical home with consequent psychological and social implications for the
meaning of home.

>>>>>>Ageing in Place in the United Kingdom<<<<

# data[].attributes.body
There are some indications that ‘staying put’ at home can benefit personal health
either directly or indirectly. On the one hand, it has been demonstrated that good
housing conditions can help to sustain good physical health and also good mental
health (Altman et al. 1984; Burnholt and Windle 2001; Moore 2000). On the other
hand, housing in poor condition can be detrimental to older people’s well-being and
quality of life, for example as Tinker (1997) illustrates, a damp home environment is
directly linked to poorer health, while the incidence of falls (the main cause of
accidental death in the over 75’s) is related to housing conditions and hazards within
the home. In terms of mental health, poor quality housing can contribute to
psychological distress (Evans 2003) and psychologically, a home which lacks
positive meaning “provides no sense of security, order, identity, connectedness,
warmth, or suitability (Gifford 1996, p. 197).

>>>>Ageing in Place in the United Kingdom<<<<

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from existing research on elder-friendly communities is the importance of both the social environment and the built environment, as well as the relationship between them, reflecting environmental press. For in- stance, safety and other social factors, such as a community’s respect for older adults and available opportunities to stay active, contribute significantly to older adults’ quality of life. At the same time, the importance of the neighbor- hood built environment is evident in the need for accessible public and service buildings, services available within reasonable travel time, availability of side- walks or other pedestrian safety measures, and affordable housing and zoning supportive of senior housing.

The social and built environments represent important areas for commu- nity-practice advocacy and interventions. Because changes in the built envi- ronment can require years to enact, planning is an essential part of creating change in community environments.

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percived saftey & trust among neighbours 

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percived saftey & trust among neighbours 

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many elderly had lived in the same community/ place/home for longer periods of their life, which have developed a strong sense of connections to both neighbours and physical spaces.
A familiar person or place, even a small object will make older adult to feel safe.

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1. it it difficult for government or society to rebuilt or built a new environment/ community, it requires a lot of time consuming, final support, and community/environment redesign.

2. for building a walkable environment, policies are needed to bring destinations such as shops and services closer to where elderly live—and to encourage elderly to be located in areas where shops and services are concentrated. In addition,

direct and safe pedestrian connections are needed.

3. Senior’s specific housing strategies are needed in areas with direct access to nearby retail destinations.

Location efficient mortgage lending is another approach

that could be applied to allow seniors to borrow more money who choose to purchase homes in more walkable places where their transportation costs are lower.

4. the  results suggest that only high levels of walkability, where destinations are close by, were associated with walking in this elderly population.

5. Walkability predicted the likelihood a respondent

walked but did not predict meeting activity guidelines.  Walkability is a construct expected to be related to walking

for transportation more than other forms of physical activity that can take place outside of local neighborhoods.

------<Healthy Aging and Where You Live: Community Design

Relationships With Physical Activity and Body Weight

in Older Americans>

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a walkable built environment can potentially allow older adults to maintain some degree of independence and interaction with the broader community, as well as providing an opportunity for regular physical activity.

-------<Healthy Aging and Where You Live: Community Design

Relationships With Physical Activity and Body Weight

in Older Americans>

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Research indicates that physical activity may help to address some of these challenges. Regular physical activity  has a plethora of health benefits, including preventing

and treating chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis,

dementia, pain, some cancers constipation, chronic  obstructive pulmonary disease, high cholesterol, high  blood pressure, and obesity.
Physical activity helps keep healthy older adults living independently, is associated with recovery from functional limitations in older age, and reduces the risk of falls.9 Physical activity also is associated with improved quality of life and reduced risk

of many mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, among older adults.

-----<Healthy Aging and Where You Live: Community Design

Relationships With Physical Activity and Body Weight in Older Americans>