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On October 1st 1971 Pierre Trudeau officially stated that the government of Canada would promote and maintain a multicultural society. Made to protect the cultural freedom of all individuals and recognize different ethnic and cultural contributions towards Canada.

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More battles in WWII, especially the battle of the Atlantic and Pacific, as well as D-day made Canada another big contributor of the war and gained further independence as our own country.

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Canadian led victories and battles such as The Battle of Vimy Ridge and The Second Battle of Ypres started to pull Canada away from seeing themselves as British subjects and as Canadian.

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On July 1st, 1867, The Dominion of Canada came into existence, with Sir John A. Macdonald as our first Prime Minister.

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In the end, the expansion was cancelled with the death of Marvel Lemay, a Quebec provincial police officer

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The Oka Crisis lasted for 78 days
July 11th - September 26th, 1990

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The Oka Crisis involved the Mohawk protesters, Quebec police and even the Canadian Army

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A proposed expansion of a golf course and townhouses that caused a lot of issues due to it having to build over a Mohawk burial ground

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They are not Indigenous to their new homes. These types of religions are formed as a combination of both Indigenous and Nonindigenous beliefs

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It is common to find people that practice the religion in combinations with already dominant ones (ex. Christianity)

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Type 2 is when Indigenous religions are carried by people to other regions of the world

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One type has been practiced by many tribes of people based on region of the world. These religions would be indigenous to that region of the world

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as often distinguished by scholars into two types

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at the age of 14-15, children have a vision quest which is a spiritual journey

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Shamans are a religious/mystical expert. In tradition Aboriginal societies, they function as healers, prophets, and the custodian of cultural tradition

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Aboriginal spirituality is the belief that all objects are living and that they share the same soul/spirit that Aborginals share

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A notable religious figure

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They believed in there being a creator, great spirit, or great mystery

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Green Corn Ceremony

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Sacred Winter Ceremonies

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Indigenous people would often participate in sacred practices

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Burial grounds

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Since Canada first started as a colony of Britain, we gained independence from a large amount of other historical events and actions

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Water holes

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Archaeological sites

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The Charter of Right and Freedoms formed in 1982 was a key part of shaping the nation.

Justin Trudeau, our current Prime Minister is also working closely with governments and defenders of democracy, being journalists, civil society leaders and others.

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Dreaming sites

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Especially to the Aboriginal people, the land they live on has a special meaning and obliges Aboriginal people to look after cultural sites which are 'living museums' of their ancestors and include

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One of the survivors and victims of the Vietnam War. He was saved and came to Canada to start a new life.

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During the Vietnam war, refugees tried to escape the war through boats. Many did not survive. Through the help of Canadians directly sponsoring refugees, thousands were able to survive

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Ceremonial activities help the indigenous renew or rebuild their spiritual connection to the land. In addition to the sacred sites they look after

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Restricted the immigration of Chinese, and at one point, did not allow any Chinese immigrants into Canada

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Nunavut encompasses the traditional lands of the Inuit

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Mainly starting in the 19th century, many Chinese Canadians moved into Canada to find a new life, and many contributed to the Canadian Pacific Railway.

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It’s name means “Our Land” in Inuktitut

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Immigration from different countries has made Canada into the multicultural diverse country it is today.

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Assistance to immigrants

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Promotion of creative exchanges between cultural groups

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A symbol used to remember and reflect on the atrocities that happened in Residential schools. Created when Phylis Webstad had her bright orange shirt be stripped and taken away from her on her first day of residential schools

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Assistance to members of cultural groups to overcome barriers to full participation in society

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An album by Gord Downey telling the events of a small young Indigenous boy running away from his residential school to his home, 400km away

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Assistance to cultural groups in their development and growth

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Schools made to assimilate Indigenous children into European Culture. Destroyed generations of culture and passed down oral language.

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(see politics)

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The Canadian government supports and welcomes other cultures

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The Canadian government supports and welcomes other cultures

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Jacques Cartier was the first European explorer to explore the St. Lawrence river, and started to set sights on what would be large Canadian cities, Québec City and Montreal.

Other settlers, like Samuel Champlain built the fortress on top of what would be Quebec and started one of our key French communities of Canada.

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The Turban is an important part of Sikhs faith and in turn Canada accommodated, changing the RCMP dress code

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A group meal where everyone contributes, often bringing food from their own culture

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Is a five-day Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of light over darkness