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The TEU which is know as trace evidence unit. What they do is compare and identify specific trace materials that could be transferred during the process of the crime. The trace materials  do include human hair, animal hair, textile fibers and fabric, rope, soil, glass, and building materials. It happens when physical contact occurs between both the victim and the suspect that transferred the different types of trace materials. They also use the skeletal remains or know otherwise as physical anthology to identify the persons body. Hair can be examined easily but how the FEU does is also take the characteristics of the hair in to consideration for example including racial characteristics, body area, length, root type if the hair was natural shed or forcibly removes, and if the hair had been damaged or artificial treatment. They can also be compared under a microscope. Fiber can be analyzed to know if it was natural or man made along with where it originated from. Questioned fibers can be compared to other fibers from the scene or is from somewhere different. Fabric can be classified by color, composition, construction. But normally torn fabric lines up with the damaged fabric. They also heavily analyze minerals which is mineralogy and bones which is anthropology.

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The FBI’s The Questioned Documents Unit 

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The FBI’s The Questioned Documents Unit 

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The QDU is also know as the questioned documents unit and provide support for local and state to help with forensic evidence. They also provide a training to local, state, and federal forensic examiners to specialize in technical topics. The QDU monitors as well as develops along with provides information to legal. To add the team is made up of case processing technicians, program managers, and document examiners. The work they do is very tetanus where the tiniest clue could lead in the right directions which includes fractured and cut edge comparison that are tape and paper and dryer sheets and postage stamps, printing process examinations to include document authentication and typewriting classification, indented writing examinations, handwriting comparison, plastic bag comparison, charred and or liquid soaked document prevention, alternate light source examinations including ink discrimination and alterations and enhancements, office machine artifacts comparisons, tire tread and shoe print comparison and classification, database queries includes anonymous letter file and automated counterfeiter identification database and bank robbery and tire tread and shoe print databases, testimony in legal proceedings, and training to counterparts in law enforcement.

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The chemistry unit has these duties to complete conduct timely high quality metallurgical and chemical analyses of evidence, testifying in court provide advanced training to law enforcement agencies, report findings, and assist in crime scene investigations. The CU use general chemist to analyze unknown liquids, powders, and stains to confirm the identity and characteristics of the chemical. Which comes from tear gases accompanied with bank dye packs, ink analyses, threat letters, analyzing personal lubricants and spermicide in accompaniment with sexual assault cases, dyes, and drug pharmaceuticals analyses. Metallurgy is when testing them metal to see what it is composed of. How the CU uses it is when a piece of a broken weapon or a part of an exploded bomb. The information is learned through seeing if the metal breaks unexpectedly like when a building collapse or piecing together weapon fragments. They have a polymers and paints expert to compar question or transfer materials to unknown origin, analyzing paints and adhesives and tapes and or other polymeric materials for possible fracture matches, and source of automotive paints and duct tape along with vehicle parts to provide leads in the investigation. What this part of the cu is vital for is abductions, bombing and or attempted bombings, counterterrorist investigations, hit and run, and threat letters. Toxicology is a pivotal part of criminology to analyze biological food samples evidence for drugs and poisons. And to help local and state agencies the FBI help with the toxicological examinations.

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The FBI Crime Lab’s Cryptanalysis and Racketeering 

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The FBI Crime Lab’s Cryptanalysis and Racketeering 

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The FBI has a unit on cryptanalysis and racketeering which are named CRRU know as the cryptanalysis and racketeering records unit. What thy do is help law enforcement along with the intelligence community by analyzing cryptic communication, records, and symbols. The team is made up of cryptanalyst forensic examiners and cryptanalysts. They also help testify in legal proceedings to help when needed. Cryptanalysis is decrypting ciphers and codes found in written communication such as notes, ledgers, electronic communication, letter, and diaries. Most notably used by organized crime, prison inmates, foreign and domestic terrorists, gangs, violent criminals. Record examination is examining along with decoding records from illegal businesses, prostitution, human trafficking, drug trafficking, and illegal gambling. Examining will hopefully lead to dates of activity, number and role of participants, operation, gross profits, and accounting methods. When examining cryptic symptoms from tattoos, graffiti, and other sources it can lead to important vital information to led to a police investigation.

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FIB Crime Lab Firearms and Toolmarks Unit

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FIB Crime Lab Firearms and Toolmarks Unit

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Firearms and toolmarks have been the defining evidence in many cases world wide and it should because it is in a simile like a microscopic crime scene and that is what the FTU does uses science to analyze the firearms with procedures like toolmarks, gunshot residue, ammunition components, and bullet trajectory. The team is compiled of physical science technicians, ammunition specialist, physical scientist and or forensic examiners and finally firearm specialist. The ways but more in-depth this time is what the team at FTU does to a gun to figure out the information necessary for the crime. Which includes comparing cartridge cases to the firearm, silencer testing, serial number restoration. Trigger pull measurements, shot pattern, examination, comparing barrels to bullets, firearm function test, gunshot distance determination, accidental discharge determination, and lastly ejection pattern testing. Each of these test plays a vital role in seeing if the gun was mishandled or purposely handle in manners that are illegal to do. Along with firearms the FTU uses toolmarks to identify how a weapon or tool has be used made and or manufactured. This list of examinations techniques include comparing tools with the toolmarks found at the crime scene, comparing stamps with the stamped impressions for identification, fracture matching, and lastly lock and key examination. The FTU also has a impeccable and qualified ways to recreate the shooting. It take math and science to qualify the answers along with the recreation of the event to confirm the crime but the FTU is well prepared for the serial number regeneration on more than just firearms including heavy equipment and stolen vehicles.

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Research and Support of The FBI Crime Lab

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Research and Support of The FBI Crime Lab

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How the FBI crime lab gets the best result in a case and the foundation of the physical evidence in that case along with the circumstantial evidence. What they need to do is research and support their case. Now on the website it has a 3 step process to achieve this along with having an up to date lab, equipment, and techniques to analyze the evidence with getting the most accurate information so they can prosecute the correct person for the crime. The 3 step process is to improve the process, improve existing processes, and help protect the processes. This is used to help the scientists create and enhance the already existing forensic science database and add on to it along with enhancing it. The team is made up of strict board of managers and administrative to keep the scientist from going overboard with radical behavior from destroying the moral and ethical boundaries for greedy and radical world goal that favor the science of the human life which is known as the LDL that stands for laboratory division library. With scientists from all around with amazing intellectual genius minds ranging for scientist with graduate degrees to doctorate degrees. This great organization of scientist and mangers is called RSU which stands for research support unit. The RSU goal is to innovate the innovation to be ahead of the curve before the curve in the topics of chemical, biological, operational response, physical forensic analyses, and lastly biometrics. All these scientific areas of research will enhance criminology and less probable medical advances. Some of the advances including advances in visualization, imaging, and visual comparison the research entails  the enhancement of vision for application in hyperspectral imaging, document analysis, facial approximation, microscopy, an  anthropology. The knowledge that will come to lite with the ongoing research will dramatically change the current direction of look at a crime scene and taking the equipment on each crime scene when I become portable will basically negate most human error with all the different wave lengths that it can process will make it impossible for a criminal to hide in plan sight. The RSU is connected to establishing a better probability pattern and analysis and regconizing patterns and how reliable the medical examiner’s decisions have a positive or negative effect on the case at hand. In the field of biological and chemical enhancements the RSU is focusing on a wider range of toxins to be found in the body along with genotyping and finally isotope ratio analysis. To the biometric research has the goal to enhance intrinsic physiological human traits to have an easier time identifying groups of people and using a new way to identify people with the object of studies to include palm prints, fingerprints, handwriting, RNA, DNA, and lastly proline human scent. To me these advances seem brilliantly thought through and intelligent but for billions of years human could remain untraceable which leaves both pros and cons but this is created more cons than pros when you wonder if another holocaust may occur no one will be safe for the horrific treatment of the humans and animals so it sound krass but they also need to invest in way to cloke them selfs from these new features of crime to give the good people the change to conquer the bad and I know this opinion of mine was not apart of the assignment but I couldn’t let myself continue on this assignment without declaring that sometimes advances in science are wrong and these aren’t but the saying is you only know you crossed the line when you crossed it and in history that has happened before and we should learn from the mistakes and sacrifices not indulge them to see if they were wrong and making a historical loop. Now to the regularly scheduled assignment. The RSU has made a new development to enhance the identification biothreats which is to include the improvement of the pre existing and new techniques of identifying biothreats, microbes, viruses, detection, pathogens, spores, and finally toxins.Trace evidence analysis is a way of getting information from a crime scene at a microscopic and spectroscopic level and creating a more vivid picture of the crime itself. The 2 final enhancements that the RSU is interested in is portable field technology that enhances the detection and collection along with characterization of the evidence. But the last advancement that is the NGS know as next generation sequencing in proving on Sir Jeffery’s previous DNA discovery will allow less genetic material and degraded genetic material to be examined as a normal DNA sample through computer reconstruction.

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Forensic Analysis is the half of what the FBI does the other is the personal investigation that the agents at the FBI get to accompany the physical evidence they come in contact with. But the scientific element has greatly increased the odds of the criminal going to jail since the testing as analyzing of the physical evidence on a molecular level gives the FBI agents mor of the story than they would have had as well as new evidence hidden from the naked eye. To add to this we will discuss the different elements of scientific analysis and how it works to help better understand how the FBI crime lab works.