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"The amount of support China provided the Khmer Rouge is somewhat mysterious. Many have claimed that the Khmer Rouge relied on the aid and technical advisors provided by China both before and after the 1975-1979 regime despite Pol Pot's rhetoric of self-reliance. China has rejected claims that they provided significant military aid or technical assistance" (Timestreams).

Important due to the fact that Pol Pot would claim to send some "scholars" to China during his rule; if China was a supporter of the Khmer Rouge, it is truly impossible to say whether the scholarly expeditions were truly just that-- there may have been more that occurred during the time the Cambodian people were in China.

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"Prime Minister Lon Nol mounts a successful coup against Sihanouk, who organizes a guerrilla movement from exile" (Timestream).

Creates political unrest in Cambodia, making it more vulnerable to a future takeover. There are multiple uprisings within the country.

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"Lon Nol is overthrown by the communist Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot" (Timestream).

Marks the beginning of Pol Pot's regime, the Khmer Rouge. The two forces are very unlike each other...introduces communism into the country.

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"There is some indication that the closure of schools was
the result of a specific decision taken by the Khmer Rouge at a conference held in Phnom Penh from 20 to 25 May 1975" (Clayton).

The closing of schools may be due to the Khmer Rouge attempting to disband the knowledge of society; they first targeted intellectuals, and as such closed schools to aid in this.

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"the communist Khmer Rouge marched into Phnom Penh and established Democratic Kampuchea. Declaring an end to 'over
two thousand years of Cambodian history'". (Clayton)

The Khmer Rouge announces their intentions to make claim over Cambodia, thus ending their years and years of history. It's a threat.

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"Many hundreds of thousands of Cambodians died, either killed outright by the to hunger, overwork, or disease. Lack of census impossible to define, and consequently estimate 750,0006 to 3,331,67" (Clayton).

Due to a lack in data, the true number of deaths is unable to be determined. **ADD MORE

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(18) 1975-1979; conditions of the people

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(18) 1975-1979; conditions of the people

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"These conditions included the separation of families, forced marches, forced labor, induced starvation, and untreated disease, in many cases imposed simultaneously. Large numbers of people were displaced and severely overworked at the same time as food was deliberately restricted. Such people became susceptible to sickness, disease, and death, particularly since healthcare also was restricted as a matter of deliberate state policy" (Hannum).

Reflects both Stalin and Hitlers' policies, especially within the forced marches and diseases. Many people were forced to quite literally dig their own graves while on the brink of death itself.

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"'We take agriculture as the basic factor and use the fruits of agriculture to systematically build industry in order to advance toward rapidly transforming a
Cambodia marked by a backward agriculture into a Cambodia marked by a modernized agriculture'" (Clayton).

Pol Pot announces his plans for the takeover of Cambodia-- the primary reason is to create an agricultural society in an effort to further *Vietnam's (?) own agriculture. Monetary gains.

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"Whether because of future threats or past sins, teachers, and professors were killed in large numbers. According to the Ministry of Education of the State of Cambodia, '75% of the teaching force, 96% of all elementary and secondary pupils died'" (Clayton).

Again, this has to do with eliminating the intellectual class of Cambodia; this is significant due to the fact that almost all students died...their teachers too. They did not want anyone to potentially take down the Khmer Rouge.

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(6) 1976 Four-Year Plan to Build Socialism in All Fields

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(6) 1976 Four-Year Plan to Build Socialism in All Fields

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"According to the Four-Year Plan, children were supposed to engage in primary education factories; according to Khieu Samphan schooling was to take place in 'factories, cooperatives, and revolutionary establishments'. Primary education appears to have followed this course in at least some districts, but there was little consistency in educational practice across the country" (Clayton).

The restrictions placed on education made it possible for Pol Pot's regime to control what knowledge they want to be had by the people, and what the next generation would grow up knowing. *Like Stalin's schools

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"The most thoroughly documented regional purge occurred in the Eastern Zone in 1978, in which an estimated minimum  of 100,000 people were executed in a six-month period" (Hannum)

Shows the amount of people who had died withing purges and just how significant they were....incredibly fear enducing.

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"Execution schedules recorded each day's work, and the highest daily figure was 582 people on 27 May 1978" (Hannum).

Elaborate records of what was happening were being kept, much like the Soviet Union.

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"Plans were made in late 1978 to reorganize and expand post primary education so that, in Pol Pot's own words, 'in 10 years, students with no previous schooling should be able to go from illiteracy to graduate engineers through study of only the important things and plenty of practical work" (Clayton).

Again mirrors Stalin's education plan for youth, and helps to create a little army, willing to do whatever by Pol Pot; the children know only his way...who is to determine what is "only the important things"?

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"Pol Pot delivers a speech saying that Cambodians had gone to China to study petroleum refining. Very little is known about these international educational ventures; in his discussion of gunpowder training, for instance, Kiernan acknowledges that no evidence that Cambodian combatants were in fact sent to China" (Clayton).

People were potentially being deported without anyone knowing of their true location. Pol Pot had been lying to the people this whole time-- no one knows where their families may have ended up.

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"One of the last acts of the Democratic Kampuchea fleeing in January 1979 was to slit the throats of the prisoners then chained to their interrogation cots; when Tuol Sleng was  discovered, pools of blood were still coagulating beneath their bodies" (Hannum).

The policy of leave no prisoners available for information appears to be crucial here-- if information about what was occurring could not be spread, then in theory, no one could be charged for it, and no one would know what was occurring.

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"The government installed by Vietnam formed the 'People’s Revolutionary Tribunal' in August 1979 in the first attempt to bring perpetrators of the genocide to justice. It tried Pol Pot and Ieng Sary even though neither had been arrested, and heard testimony about widespread torture and executions. Both were convicted of genocide and sentenced to death" (Timestream).

The first attempt for justice does not end up working out...the trial had been filled with bias, and neither man ended up getting his sentence. There was no punished-justice for the people of Cambodia at this time.

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Khmer Rouge is overthrown.

The ending point of "it all"...not truly. Society is still in shambles and trying to recover; almost all educators have been wiped out.

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"In late December 1978, Vietnam launched an invasion of Cambodia, quickly defeating Khmer Rouge forces. Vietnam forces entered Phnom Penh and officially overthrew the Khmer Rouge on January 7, 1979. Vietnam quickly put in place a new government of Khmer Rouge defectors and Cambodian sympathizers. Although the regime was toppled, Khmer Rouge forces continued to fight" (Timestream)

The new government installed held sympathy for the Cambodian people, and would attempt to make amends for the Khmer Rouge's faults. However, the Khmer Rouge would not just lay down and take it: although much smaller, a fight would still be put up for Cambodia.

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"A survey conducted inside Cambodia, among a large group of Cambodian survivors, by a prominent Japanese journalist included in-depth interviews with survivors and documented the deaths of immediate relatives within 216 families" (Hannum).

Further helps to put into perspective how many people died; like during Stalin's rule, many people had experienced a death within their family due to the Khmer Rouge.

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"Although the Khmer Rouge planned to massively ramp up agricultural production, their plans failed, in part due to the lack of agricultural knowledge and skills of those forced out of urban areas and into collective farms. This resulted in mass starvation from 1976-1981. 50-70% of deaths under the Khmer Rouge are estimated to be due to starvation. Though international organizations offered aid, the Khmer Rouge government refused due to its ambition of self-reliance" (Timestream).

Plans for an agricultural society had failed, ultimately causing more suffering to the people in Cambodia on both sides of the war. No side went completely without loss, however, the plan backfiring was ultimately due to the loss of knowledge that the Khmer Rouge had cultivated. Reflects the collective farms of Stalin.

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"When Vietnam overthrew the Khmer Rouge regime, the suffering did not end for Cambodians. As Cambodians were able to move freely and violence continued, many fled to Thailand. Along the way, many Cambodians died of starvation or were killed by landmines that had been planted by Khmer Rouge soldiers to keep Cambodians from fleeting. They also suffered from malaria, typhoid, cholera, and other diseases. Around 650,000 Cambodians died in the year following the fall of the Khmer Rouge regime" (Timestream).

Demonstrates how suffering was not over, and how the Cambodian people would continue to be impacted for years to follow the "end" of the Khmer Rouge's rule.

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"19 governments signed the Paris Peace Agreements on the Comprehensive Political Settlement of the Cambodia Conflict in order to end the ongoing conflict and set up fair and free elections. It also including setting up the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) to facilitate the Agreements. The remaining Khmer Rouge forces rejected the agreements and continued to fight" (Timestreams).

Almost a whole 10 years later, peace attempts begin to be cultivated by European countries. Here, the Khmer Rouge denounces the pleas for peace and continues to fight. It appears to be a never-ending conflict between Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Khmer Rouge.

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"Pol Pot, leader of the Khmer Rouge, died while under house arrest at age 73. Though he was found guilty in the People's Revolutionary Tribunal, Pol Pot was never tried in an internationally-recognized court" (Timestreams).

Pol Pot was never officially punished; he was on house arrest, however he was never formal convicted of crimes on an international level, and thus never "truly received" punishment for his war crimes.

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"Cambodia's average economic growth rate since 1999 is at 9.5 per cent, among the highest in Asia. Exports rose to over $2 billion, while tourism brought in over $1.5 million visitors in the first ten months of 2007 alone, an average 18.5 per
cent increase from the previous year" (Um).

The fact that Cambodia has been able to establish a sort of tourism industry is saying something in-of-itself. Cambodia has the support it needs-- they have high rates of income (as of the 21st century).

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"Over a decade since the political and economic liberalization of the mid-1990s, the Cambodian government has yet to reach many of the benchmark goals set by international donors. According to the World Bank, progress on key aspects of governance, namely the strengthening of critical institutions, and enhancement of transparency, accountability, and the rule of law, remains glacially
slow" (Um).

Cambodia appears to have a hard time recovering from the effects of the Khmer Rouge, noting the "glacially slow" progress is important; it shows just what a great impact Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge has had on Cambodia, even in the 21st century.