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Honor was the most important thing to a samurai. For example, if a samurai were to go into battle and lose they were supposed to commit suicide. I believe the reason for this was to make it so that samurai were fearless because if they were to go into a battle they would know that they either win or die; one way or the other.

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Bushido was a samurai's code. This code said that a samurai had to be brave and honorable. It also said that samurai were supposed to live simple lives and follow their ruler, even if they suffered. But the number one thing in their rules was that honor was above all, and if they lost their honor they were suppose to commit suicide.
What were the 4 main principles of Bushido?
They were frugality, loyalty, martial arts mastery, and honor to the death.

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Samurai Video - Samurai and Bushido - HISTORY.com

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Honor was so much a part of Samurai life that warriors would commit ritual suicide if ever the code was broken.

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Japan's emperor at the time did not want improvements or influence from other cultures to interfere with Japan. For example, a peasant with a gun could kill a trained samurai without a fight. As a result he made Japan isolate itself. This caused Japan to miss out on many important advancements. Once Japan opened itself to the world again, it caught up very quickly.
What made it very easy for Japan to isolate itself?
The fact that Japan was an island.

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Global History Regents Review Questions Part

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Mr. Julian explains the Global History Regents concept of Japan's geographic isolation.

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Japan was being threatened by invasion from many sources, however the most challenging of which was the Mongols. Japan sent troops to attack them, but when two huge armies arrived, they had the power to invade Japan. Amazingly, a huge wind storm occurred--killing and destroying their enemy's troops and ships. They called this wind storm "A Divine Wind" because it saved them.
How many times did the Mongols try to invade?
The Mongols tried to invade twice.

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13th Century Japan Potentially Saved By Typhoons

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While legend claims that kamikazes, or "divine winds," saved Japan not once, but twice, from attacks by Kublai Khan, geological evidence shows powerful winds may have occurred at the right time and place. According to legend, at the end of the 13th century Japan was spared from two different attacks by Kublai Khan thanks to what they call a kamikaze, or, "divine wind."

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Once the emperor realized that the shogun were truly ruling Japan, he fought him for power and ended up completely neglected the people of Japan. Because of this mini wars broke out in Japan plunging it into chaos. Then Japan got a strong leader that pulled Japan out of chaos.

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The shogun were military leaders that ruled Japan in the emperor's name. The first shogun were led by clans and came to power by winning small wars throughout Japan. In the end the Minamoto clan's leader took the place of shogun. When the shogun was active the emperor only served as a figurehead and the shogun truly ruled.
Who was at the bottom of the social hierarchy?
Merchants were at the bottom of hierarchy.

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The samurai were trained, professional warriors that one could hire, at a price. Samurai were very expensive to hire due to their gear, therefore some would pay for their services with food or land. These warriors lived with a strict code that involved Buddhism, loyalty, and honor. For example, if a samurai were to lose a battle and survive they were supposed to commit suicide.

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The samurai were very well equipped warriors with all sorts of weaponry and armor that aided them in battle. Some of the weaponry that samurai would use include one long sword, one small sword, and sometimes a bow. Samurai would use armor that was made to deflect slashing motions that would still allow some agility.