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When the body is ready to reproduce, the ovaries or testes send chemical messages that influence other organs, including the brain. In the female reproductive system, preparing the uterus for pregnancy involves a complex cascade of chemical messages that repeat on a monthly cycle – the menstrual cycle.

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1. cell division-
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
2. Asexual reproduction- a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.
3. clones- a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry
4. gametes- an organism's reproductive cells.
5. Meiosis-a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
6. Somatic cells-  Somatic cells are any cell in the body that are not gametes
7. Describe a homologous pair-wo chromosomes that are identical, with the same genes.
8. Diploid-(of a cell or nucleus) containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
9. Haploid- (of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
10. Zygote-a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
11. Fertilization- the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
12. Reproductive signals- When the body is ready to reproduce, the ovaries or testes send chemical messages that influence other organs, including the brain. In the female reproductive system, preparing the uterus for pregnancy involves a complex cascade of chemical messages that repeat on a monthly cycle – the menstrual cycle.
13. DNA replication- The formation of new and, hopefully, identical copies of complete genomes.
14. Cytokinesis-the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
15. DNA segregation- is the process in eukaryotes by which two sister chromatids formed as a consequence of DNA replication, or paired homologous chromosomes, separate from each other and migrate to opposite poles of the nucleus.
16. Binary fission- is the process through which asexual reproduction happens in bacteria.
17.Mitosis- a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
18. The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction is that asexual reproduction needs only one parent and creates identical daughter cells. Sexual reproduction needs two parents and will have DNA from the father and the mother, so its 50-50.
19. An advantage that sexual reproduction has is that it is less likely to get a disease. The advantage that asexual reproduction has is that it is faster than sexual reproduction (meaning the process of fertilization)
20. Prokaryotes use binary fission but Eukaryotes use mitosis.

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Evolution happens faster with sexual reproduction

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(1) cell division- the process by which a parent cell duplicates its genetic material and then divides into two similar cells.

(2) asexual reproduction- is a rapid and effective means of making  new individuals, and its common nature.  the offspring resulting from asexual reproduction are clones of the parents organism

(3) clones- they are genetically identical (or virtually identical) to each the other and the parents

(4) gametes- the fusion of two specialized cells

(5) meiosis- a process of cell division resulting in daughter cells with only half of the genetic material of the original cell

(6) somatic cells- Body cells that are not specialized for reproduction.

(7) describe a homologous pair (pg 131),

A homologous pair is when to somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes and the chromosomes occur in pairs

(8) diploid- Two sets of chromosomes

(9) haploid- A single set of chromosomes

(10) zygote- When to haploid chromosomes fuse together

(11) fertilization-  The process that creates a zygote

(12) reproductive signals-  are signals that initiate cell division and may originate from either inside or outside of the cell.

(13) DNA replication- occurs so that each of the two cells will have a full complement of genes to complete cell functions.

(14) DNA segregation- when the cell must distribute the replicated DNA to each of the two new cells.

(15) cytokinesis- When the cytoplasm must divide to form two new cells, each is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall in organisms that have one.

(16) binary fission- When the cell grows in size, replicates DNA into two new cells, and separates the cytoplasm and DNA into two new cells.

(17) mitosis-is the set of processes in which chromosomes become condensed and the segregate into two new nuclei.

(18) In terms of the genetic composition of offspring, what is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

in terms of the genetic composition of offsprings, the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that the offspring from sexual reproduction have 50% of their DNA from their mother, and 50 % of their DNA from their father. while the offspring from asexual would be genetically identical to the parent.

(19) Discuss the advantages of sexual vs asexual reproduction in terms of evolution. Could evolution proceed without sexual reproduction? Explain your answer.

Sexual reproduction has the advantage of variation in the offspring, which greatly reduces the chance of extinction of the species. Asexual reproduction has the advantage of only needing one parent, which may not be an advantage towards evolution.

(20) What specific types of organisms use binary fission or mitosis? (p 132)

Prokaryotes use binary fission while Eukaryotes use mitosis(followed by cytokinesis.

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18. The difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that offsprings that results from sexual reproductions have 50% of their DNA from their mother and 50% of their DNA from their fathers. Meanwhile offsprings that results from asexual reproduction have a genetic composition that is 100% identical to the DNA of the one parent.
19. Sexual has an advantage of variation in the offspring which greatly reduces the chance of extinction. Asexual has the advantage of only needing one parent, which may not be an advantage towards evoultion. Asexual reporduction makes a species more vulenerable to changes (a disadvantage). Evolution happens faster with aosexual reproduction.
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18. The difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction has 50% of their DNA from their mother, and 50% of their DNA from their father. Asexual reproduction has a genetic composition that is 100% identical to the DNA of the one parent.
19. Sexual reproduction has the advantage of variation in the offspring, which greatly reduces the chance of extinction of the species. Asexual reproduction makes a species more vulnerable to changes ( a disadvantage). Evolution happens faster with asexual reproduction.

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1. Cell division: a process where a parent cell duplicates its genetic material and then divides into two similar cells.
2. Asexual reproduction:A rapid and effective means of making a new  individuals and it is common in nature.
3. Clones: are genetically identical to the parent cell and each other.
4. Gametes: two specialized cells that play a part in sexual reproduction
5. Meiosis: a process of cell division forming daughter cells with only half the genetic material of the original cell.
6. Somatic cells: Body cells that are not specialized for reproduction.
7. A homologous pair is when to somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes and the chromosomes occur in pairs
8. Diploid: Two sets of chromosomes
9. Haploid: A single set of chromosomes
10. Zygote: When to haploid chromosomes fuse together
11. Fertilization: The process that creates a zygote
12. Reproductive signals: are signals that initiate cell division and may originate from either inside or outside of the cell.
13. DNA replication: occurs so that each of the two cells will have a full complement of genes to complete cell functions.
14. DNA segregation: when the cell must distribute the replicated DNA to each of the two new cells.
15. Cytokinesis:  When the cytoplasm must divide to form two new cells, each is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall in organisms that have one.
16. Binary fission: When the cell grows in size, replicates DNA into two new cells, and separates the cytoplasm and DNA into two new cells.
17. Mitosis: is the set of processes in which chromosomes become condensed and the segregate into two new nuclei.
18. The difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction needs two parents which creates variations . The offspring has 50% of there dna from the mother and 50% from their father while asexual reproduction needs only one parent and creates identical daughter cells which means 100% of their dna is from there mother
19.An advantage that sexual reproduction has is variety which greatly reduces the chance of extinction in a species as a disease is less likely to affect everyone. An advantage that asexual production has is that it’s faster than sexual reproduction and only one parent is needed.
20.Prokaryotes use binary fission while Eukaryotes use mitosis(followed by cytokinesis.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Cell division: A process by which a parent cell duplicates its genetic material and then divides into two similar cells
2. Asexual reproduction: A rapid and effective means fo main new individuals, and it is common in nature
3. Clones: The offsringfrom asexual reproduction. The parent organism that are genetically identical to each other and the parent
4. Gametes: The fusion of two specialized cells
5. Meiosis: A process of cell division resulting in daughter cells with only half the genetic material of he original cell
6. Somatic cells: The body cells that are bot specialized for reproduction
(7) A homologous pair is when one chromosome of each pair comes from the organism's female parent, and the other comes from its male parent
(8) Diploid: A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
(9) Haploid: A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes
(10) Zygote: Two haploids gametes fuse together
(11) Fertilization: This is the process that forms a zygote
(12) Reproductive signals: Signals that imitate cell division and may originate from either inside or outside the cell
(13) DNA replication: This occurs so that each of the two new cells will have a full complement of genes to complete cell functions
(14) DNA segregation: The cell is distributed to the replicated DNA  to each of the two new cells
(15) Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm is being divided to form the two nw cells, each surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall in organism s hat have one
(16) Binary fission: When the cell grows in size, replicates it's DNA, and then separates the cytoplasm and DNA into two new cells
(17) Mitosis: When chromosomes become condensed and segregated into two new nuclei's

(18) The difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is sexual reproduction is when it is creating a variation so the individuals/ offspring can look or have similar characteristics/traits from their parents.So 50% of their DNA will come from the mother and the other 50% will come from their father. But for Asexual reproduction is when there is no variation because the offspring is 100% identical to the DNA in the one parent.

(19) The advantages of sexual vs asexual reproduction in terms of evolution is sexual reproduction is so new forms of life can be produced and in asexual reproduction is their mutations but evolution can not proceed without sexual reproduction because using sexual reproduction the world wouldn't receive or produce anything. No new life forms/variations and things will become extinct.

(20) The specific types of organisms use binary fission or mitosis is bacteria and prokaryotes. As well as Plants and animals that uses mitosis to grow

# data[].attributes.body
1. Cell division: is the process of a parent cell that duplicates its genetic material and then divides into two similar cells.
2. Asexual reproduction: is a rapid and effective means of making new individuals and it is in common nature.
3. Clones: are genetically identical to the parent cell and each other.
4. Gametes: two specialized cells that play a part in sexual reproduction
5. Meiosis: a process of cell division forming daughter cells with only half the genetic material of the original cell.
6. Somatic cells: Body cells that are not specialized for reproduction.
7. A homologous pair is when to somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes and the chromosomes occur in pairs
8. Diploid: Two sets of chromosomes
9. Haploid: A single set of chromosomes
10. Zygote: When to haploid chromosomes fuse together
11. Fertilization: The process that creates a zygote
12. Reproductive signals: are signals that initiate cell division and may originate from either inside or outside of the cell.
13. DNA replication: occurs so that each of the two cells will have a full complement of genes to complete cell functions.
14. DNA segregation: when the cell must distribute the replicated DNA to each of the two new cells.
15. Cytokinesis:  When the cytoplasm must divide to form two new cells, each is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall in organisms that have one.
16. Binary fission: When the cell grows in size, replicates DNA into two new cells, and separates the cytoplasm and DNA into two new cells.
17. Mitosis: is the set of processes in which chromosomes become condensed and the segregate into two new nuclei.
18. The terms of genetic composition of offspring, the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction creates variation in the offspring's DNA so they come out similar to the parents because each half of the offspring's DNA comes from the two parents. While asexual reproduction makes the offspring's DNA identical to the parent's DNA which results in no variation.
19. Sexual reproduction gives room for variation to happen and new species to evolve and form. Sexual reproduction is needed so that there would be more opportunities for survival and so extinction wouldn't happen. Evolution could not proceed without sexual reproduction because there would be no variation in anything and everything would die out at the same time due to the lack of different species.
20. Specific types of organisms that use binary fission are prokaryotes( bacteria and archaea) they use this to help them to divide their cell since they are single cellular organisms. Eukaryotes (plants and animals) use mitosis because they are multicellular organisms and this helps them divide their cells.

# data[].attributes.body
(1) cell division is the process of which a cell splits into two or more daughters cells duplicating its DNA.
(2) Asexual reproduction happens when there are no gametes involved.
(3) A clone is artificially or naturally producing an identical replica of the original pro creator.
(4) Gametes are haploid cells containing DNA from each parent to make an offspring.
(5) meiosis is a type of cell division that produces 4 daughter cells by reducing the number of chromosomes in the parent cell.
(6) Somatic cells are body cell that aren’t meant for reproduction.
(7) A homologous pair is a set of chromosomes with the same gene sequence
(8) Diploid cells contain 2 sets of chromosomes
(9) haploid cells contain a single set of chromosomes. Half the set of diploid cells.
(10) A zygote is a diploid cell made from 2 haploid cells/gametes merge.
(11) fertilization is the process in which a male and female gamete fuse to create a zygote.
(12) reproductive signals trigger cell division and can happen on the inside or outside of a cell.
(13) DNA replication is recreating genetic material until both of the new cells carry out normal cell functions.
(14) DNA segregation is when the cell begins to disperse the recently replicated DNA into both of the new cells
(15) cytokines in a process in cell division when the cytoplasm from the parent cell splits into two daughter cells.
(16) Binary fission is type of asexual reproduction that is common in nature. Binary fission is used for reproduction, growth, and regeneration.
(17) mitosis is process similar to binary fission that produces two genetically identical cells. It builds tissue and organs in multicellular organisms during development and repair damaged tissue once development is completed.
(18) In terms of the genetic composition of offspring, asexual reproduction results in an offspring identical to the parent and in sexual reproduction, the offspring gets their DNA from both maternal and paternal gametes.
(19) An advantage that sexual reproduction has is variety which greatly reduces the chance of extinction in a species as a disease is less likely to affect everyone. An advantage that asexual production has is that it’s faster than sexual reproduction and only one parent is needed.
(20) Organisms like bacteria, archaea, and other prokaryotes use binary fission. Plants and animals use mitosis for growth.

# data[].attributes.body
(1) cell division: a process by which a parent cell duplicates it's genetic material and then divides into 2 similar cells

(2) asexual reproduction: a rapid and effective means of making new individuals (common in nature)

(3) clones: the offspring resulting from asexual preproduction, they are genetically identical to each other and the parent

(4) gametes: two specialized cells

(5) meiosis: a process of cell division --> results in daughter cells with only 1/2 the genetic material of the original cell

(6) somatic cells: body cells that aren't specialized for reproduction

(7) describe a homologous pair: the sets of chromosomes in somatic cells, where the chromosomes occur in pairs

(8) diploid: having a chromosome complement with 2 copies of each chromosome

(9) haploid: having a chromosome complement with just 1 copy of each chromosome

(10) zygote:  when 2 haploid gametes fuse and form a zygote

(11) fertilization: the process that creates zygotes.

(12) reproductive signals: the signals that initiate cell division and can either originate from either outside or inside the cell

(13) DNA replication: replication of the genetic material --> must occur so that each of the two new cells have a full complement of genes to complete cell functions

(14) DNA segregation: the process in which the cell distributes the replicated DNA to each of the two new cells

(15) cytokinesis: the process in which the cytoplasm divides to form the two new cells, each surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall in orgasms that have one

(16) binary fission: the process in which the cell grows in size, replicates its DNA, and then separates the cytoplasm and DNA into two new cells

(17) mitosis: the set of processes in which the chromosomes become condensed and segregate into two new nuclei

(18) Sexual reproduction results in genetic diversity  and makes offspring with genetic variation. Asexual reproduction results in genetic constancy and makes offspring that are genetic clones of the parent organism.

(19) An advantage that sexual reproduction has is variety which greatly reduces the chance of extinction in a species as a disease is less likely to affect everyone. An advantage that asexual production has is that it’s faster than sexual reproduction and only one parent is needed

(20) Prokaryotes use binary fission while Eukaryotes use mitosis(followed by cytokinesis.