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Phonemic awareness is understanding that words are made up of individual sounds. In order to reinforce this strategy in the classroom,  you could do five minute drills throughout the day were you focus on letters and their sounds. This method would also support writing by requiring readers to notice how letters represent sounds. It primes readers for print.

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Phonics is the relationship between a specific letter and its sound. One way this strategy can be reinforced in the classroom is by reading alphabet books and pointing to the letters as you sound them out. This method would also support writing because when a student begins to understand  letters and their sound  it begins to empower learners to write words even if they are misspelled, it's the beginning process. It helps the student to understand how words get on paper.

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Fluency is how accurately you can read a story.  Fluency becomes more fluent the more you read so consistency is the key. One way that fluency can be reinforced during reading instruction is by doing a time drill.  The teacher will pick out a story and the student has one minute to read as much as he/she can. Repeated oral reading is the best way for children to improve their fluency (http://www.learninglandscape.com/National_Reading_Panel_Reading_Instruction_FAQ.pdf)   Fluency is an essential component in writing ability and development, moreover, writing- is a communication skill whose ongoing refinement extends throughout adolescence, if not the life span (Silliman, E. R., Bahr, R. H., & Wilkinson, L. C. (2020). Fluency supports writing

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Text comprehension is understanding what you read. It's the thinking process we go thru as we read. Answering the 5w's is one method you could use to help reinforce reading. Reading a story and answering who the story was about, what happened in the story, why did it happen, when/why did it happen, and how did it happen will help students comprehend what they have read. This method supports writing because understanding leads to improve writing, it deepens your thought process which in turn helps you to write more.

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Vocabulary are words that are understood by that person. Depending on age everyone's vocabulary can be different. For example the words a two-year old are familiar with is totally different from words and adult are familiar with. Vocabulary can be reinforced during reading instruction by having your students do word play activities. The teacher could do a word of the day and all the activities assigned to the students involves the word of the day. This method would also support writing by having the students use the word of the day and put it in a sentence. The students will begin to recognize the words and use them in a sentence.

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1.Kuehner, A. V., & Hurley, J. (2019). How Integrating Reading and Writing Supports Student Success. Journal of Developmental Education, 42(2), 20–26.
2.  http://www.learninglandscape.com/National_Reading_Panel_Reading_Instruction_FAQ.pdf
3.
Silliman, E. R., Bahr, R. H., & Wilkinson, L. C. (2020). Writing across the academic languages: introduction. Reading & Writing, 33(1), 1–11. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11145-019-09993-0