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A Head Start to Nowhere?

Authors:

Kafer, Krista1

Source:

USA Today Magazine. Jul2004, Vol. 133 Issue 2710, p26-27. 2p. 1
http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.bsu.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=5&sid=1ffa6cac-ea50-4597-9ddf-089812efad2e%40sessionmgr105&hid=118&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=13718661&db=aph

This article is about the effectiveness of Head Start. It talks about the lax in implementing things that are supposed to go to Head Start but are not because of the money not being used for it. Also the ineffectiveness of the programs that Head Start says they use and implement but they do not or they are not effective.

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Programs That Mitigate the Effects of Poverty on Children
Authors:  Barbara L. Devaney  Marilyn R. Ellwood  John M. Love

By: Amber Peterson

This article talks about the benefits of Head Start and the positive impact it has. According to the article  "Head Start to have sizable effects on children's cognitive development when measured at the end of the Head Start year."

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Head Start: A Bridge From Past to Future

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Head Start: A Bridge From Past to Future

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by Heather Wenig
While acknowledging varying views on Head Start, this article highlights the program's successes in areas like social justice, parent involvement, serving diverse populations and teacher development

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Where Do Head Start Attendees End Up? One Reason Why Preschool Effects Fade Out

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Where Do Head Start Attendees End Up? One Reason Why Preschool Effects Fade Out

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by Heather Wenig

This article summarizes a study done to investigate the relationship between  preschool experience and the quality of schools subsequently attended by those children. While the study did not find that there is no value to Head Start participation, it did find that the effects of Head Start may fade out after participation in subpar elementary and middle schools.

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Does Head Start Work for Kids?  The bottom line

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Does Head Start Work for Kids?  The bottom line

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summary by Iva Sumwalt
This article talks about studies made to see the effects that Head Start has made on children. Some studies say that the effects on achievements disappear. Lon-term gains are attributed to unmeasured improvements in socio-emotional development, parenting and other unknown causes.  However when everything is weighed out Head Start produces benefits which include some long-term effects for children.
Link:https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2013/03/05/does-head-start-work-for-kids-the-bottom-line

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summary by Iva Sumwalt

This article talks about cutting the Head Start Program because the program is not working.  The program is failing to make the difference in the education advancement in low income children.  The article also talks about that Head Start centers will commit fraud in order to allow children above eligibility to enroll.
Link:  http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/261950/cut-head-start-katrina-trinko

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Head Start Program purpose and authorization

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Head Start Program purpose and authorization

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summary by Iva Sumwalt
This article is about how Head Start was set up to help children ages 3-5 in poverty.  That Head Start provides the needs for the whole child and provides program for Early Head Start Infant/Toddlers.  The main components to Head Start are Education, Health, Parent Involvement and Social Services.  Funding of Head Start is by federal services contributing 80% and the community contributes 20%.  Children eligible for Head Start are thos families who fall below the federal poverty line.  This it talks about in 1994 the reauthorization bill that created the Early Head Start program, for children 3yrs old and younger to pregnant women.
Article listed below.

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Head StartProgram purpose and authorization: The Head Start program originated as part of a comprehensive effort to combat poverty in America by providing children ages three to five years old with a range of services. Head Start approaches the needs of the whole child and the family by providing health, education, social services, and parent-community involvement in one program. Most Head Start programs serve children ages three to five years, but the program also supports Early Start for infants and toddlers, Parent/Child Centers, and programs that help children make the transition to elementary school. Despite its growth, current funding for Head Start can assist only half of the eligible young children. Recent amendments to the Head Start law include services to babies and toddlers. General Questions and Answers What are the components of a Head Start program?Head Start takes a comprehensive approach to meeting the needs of young children. There are four major components to Head Start: Education: Providing a variety of learning experiences to help children grow intellectually, socially, and emotionally.Health: Providing health services such as immunizations, dental, medical, and mental health, and nutritional services, and early identification of health problems.Parent Involvement: Involving parents in the planning and implementation of activities. Parents serve on policy councils and committees that make administrative decisions; participate in classes and workshops on child development; and volunteer in the program.Social Services: Provide outreach to families to determine what services they need.Who receives funding to operate Head Start programs?The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services awards grants to local public and private non-profit agencies. The federal resources contribute 80 percent of the cost of a program and the community provides the remaining 20 percent. Some funding is set aside for training and technical assistance to local programs to help them meet the Program Performance Standards; for research, evaluation, and demonstrations of innovative program models; and required monitoring activities. Which children are eligible for Head Start?In order to participate in Head Start, the family income must fall below the federal poverty line. Local programs are allowed to serve up to 10 percent of the children with family incomes over the poverty line. Program must use ten percent of the spaces for children with disabilities. Does the program serve infants and toddlers?Yes. The 1994 reauthorization bill created the Early Head Start program. This program serves low-income families with children under age three and pregnant women. The program helps children develop physically, emotionally, intellectually, and socially. It provides parent education and services such as home visits, comprehensive health services, nutrition, and peer support groups for parents. Early Head Start projects coordinate with local Head Start programs so that children have a continuity of services as they grow older. What is the American Indian Head Start?These programs encourage the integration of culture and language into the curriculum and program goals. Grantees include tribes, villages and towns. What is the Migrant Head Start Program?Although the services are the same as Head Start, the Migrant grantees must make some alterations in order to serve the needs of migrant families. Migrant centers serve infants as young as six weeks of age. Preference is given to those families who move most frequently. What are the requirements for ensuring quality programs?In 1994, the reauthorized Head Start legislation included new requirements for ensuring quality. No Head Start grantee will continue to receive funds if it falls below a minimum quality level and fails to correct the deficiencies in a prompt manner. The 1994 reauthorization also revised the Head Start Performance Standards. The new rules build on emerging research and expertise of health professionals, focus on the importance of collaboration between Head Start programs and the broader community, and integrate new standards for infants and toddlers. What qualifications are required for Head Start teachers and aides?By September 30, 2013, at least half of all Head Start teachers in center-based programs must have an associate, baccalaureate, or advanced degree in Early Childhood Education or a degree in a related field, with pre-school teaching experience. If a classroom in a center-based program does not have a teacher with a degree in early childhood education, or a related field with experience in teaching preschool children, the teacher must have a Child Development Associate (CDA) credential or a State awarded certificate for preschool teachers that meets or exceeds the requirements of a CDA credential. A Child Development Associate is an individual that has successfully completed a CDA assessment and has been awarded the CDA credential. The assessment involves providing documentation of training and experience in the early childhood care profession. This individual can meet the specific needs of children and work with parents and other adults to nurture children's physical, social, emotional and intellectual growth. Early Head Start staff and Head Start staff working as teachers with infants and toddlers must meet the same requirements as teachers and staff within a center-based Head Start program. For more information, contact: Head Start Bureau U.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesPhone: (202) 401-9215 National Head Start Association 1651 Prince StreetAlexandria, Virginia 22314Phone 703-739-0875Fax 703-739-0878 

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Head StartProgram purpose and authorization: The Head Start program originated as part of a comprehensive effort to combat poverty in America by providing children ages three to five years old with a range of services. Head Start approaches the needs of the whole child and the family by providing health, education, social services, and parent-community involvement in one program. Most Head Start programs serve children ages three to five years, but the program also supports Early Start for infants and toddlers, Parent/Child Centers, and programs that help children make the transition to elementary school. Despite its growth, current funding for Head Start can assist only half of the eligible young children. Recent amendments to the Head Start law include services to babies and toddlers. General Questions and Answers What are the components of a Head Start program?Head Start takes a comprehensive approach to meeting the needs of young children. There are four major components to Head Start: Education: Providing a variety of learning experiences to help children grow intellectually, socially, and emotionally.Health: Providing health services such as immunizations, dental, medical, and mental health, and nutritional services, and early identification of health problems.Parent Involvement: Involving parents in the planning and implementation of activities. Parents serve on policy councils and committees that make administrative decisions; participate in classes and workshops on child development; and volunteer in the program.Social Services: Provide outreach to families to determine what services they need.Who receives funding to operate Head Start programs?The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services awards grants to local public and private non-profit agencies. The federal resources contribute 80 percent of the cost of a program and the community provides the remaining 20 percent. Some funding is set aside for training and technical assistance to local programs to help them meet the Program Performance Standards; for research, evaluation, and demonstrations of innovative program models; and required monitoring activities. Which children are eligible for Head Start?In order to participate in Head Start, the family income must fall below the federal poverty line. Local programs are allowed to serve up to 10 percent of the children with family incomes over the poverty line. Program must use ten percent of the spaces for children with disabilities. Does the program serve infants and toddlers?Yes. The 1994 reauthorization bill created the Early Head Start program. This program serves low-income families with children under age three and pregnant women. The program helps children develop physically, emotionally, intellectually, and socially. It provides parent education and services such as home visits, comprehensive health services, nutrition, and peer support groups for parents. Early Head Start projects coordinate with local Head Start programs so that children have a continuity of services as they grow older. What is the American Indian Head Start?These programs encourage the integration of culture and language into the curriculum and program goals. Grantees include tribes, villages and towns. What is the Migrant Head Start Program?Although the services are the same as Head Start, the Migrant grantees must make some alterations in order to serve the needs of migrant families. Migrant centers serve infants as young as six weeks of age. Preference is given to those families who move most frequently. What are the requirements for ensuring quality programs?In 1994, the reauthorized Head Start legislation included new requirements for ensuring quality. No Head Start grantee will continue to receive funds if it falls below a minimum quality level and fails to correct the deficiencies in a prompt manner. The 1994 reauthorization also revised the Head Start Performance Standards. The new rules build on emerging research and expertise of health professionals, focus on the importance of collaboration between Head Start programs and the broader community, and integrate new standards for infants and toddlers. What qualifications are required for Head Start teachers and aides?By September 30, 2013, at least half of all Head Start teachers in center-based programs must have an associate, baccalaureate, or advanced degree in Early Childhood Education or a degree in a related field, with pre-school teaching experience. If a classroom in a center-based program does not have a teacher with a degree in early childhood education, or a related field with experience in teaching preschool children, the teacher must have a Child Development Associate (CDA) credential or a State awarded certificate for preschool teachers that meets or exceeds the requirements of a CDA credential. A Child Development Associate is an individual that has successfully completed a CDA assessment and has been awarded the CDA credential. The assessment involves providing documentation of training and experience in the early childhood care profession. This individual can meet the specific needs of children and work with parents and other adults to nurture children's physical, social, emotional and intellectual growth. Early Head Start staff and Head Start staff working as teachers with infants and toddlers must meet the same requirements as teachers and staff within a center-based Head Start program. For more information, contact: Head Start Bureau U.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesPhone: (202) 401-9215 National Head Start Association 1651 Prince StreetAlexandria, Virginia 22314Phone 703-739-0875Fax 703-739-0878 

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NAEYC.org
From Iva J. Sumwalt

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Evaluating Head Start
Does it help poor children and their parents?

This article was found through the Ball State Libraries Academic Database and looks at both the positive and negative effects of the Head Start Program.
Maggie Walker

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Making a Difference in the Lives of Infants and Toddlers and Their Families: The Impacts of Early Head Start

This article was found through NAEYC publications and looks at the positive effects the Early Head Start program has had on infants and toddlers and their families.
Maggie Walker