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-State constitutions establish different types of local government, usually based on their size and population (local governments exist only if a state constitution creates them and gives them local authority)

-Create cities, counties, townships, municipalities, special districts, parishes, and boroughs

-Define the organization, powers, and duties of local governments

-Regulate the ways local governments can raise and spend money (limit the taxing power of local governments by creating rules about the kinds of taxes local governments can levy and how revenue must be spent)

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-The average state constitution has been amended 115 times
-These might change the structure of the state government, redefine the powers allocated to different parts of government, or expand or restrict individual rights in the state

-Multiple methods to amend a state constitution:
-Many states allow people to propose amendments directly through ballot initiatives (eligible voters sign a petition, the proposition will go on a ballot, then voters vote)
-All states allow their state legislature to propose constitutional amendments
-Most states have the option of convening a statewide constitutional convention to consider changing or replacing a constitution
-Florida and New Mexico offer a constitutional commission

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-State constitutions can't conflict with the U.S. Constitution

-Creates the structure of the state's government:
-Provides for separation of powers among the branches of government
-Outline the organization of each branch, the powers and terms of various offices, and the method of election for state officials

-Some divide executive branch power (in more than half the states, the people elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the attorney general, and the secretary of state separately)
-Each officer has specific responsibilities defined by the state constitution

-All state constitutions give governors the role of commander-in-chief over the state’s National Guard

-State constitutions establish courts to uphold and interpret state laws, as well as punish criminals who violate state laws

-Establish independent state agencies, boards, and commissions that have power in areas that affect citizens’ lives directly ( for example: public utility commissions that regulate rates for gas and electricity and boards of education)

-The state constitution is supreme and trumps all other laws made within the state

-All state constitutions contain a bill of rights which includes most or all of the protections in the U.S. Constitution, and many state constitutions contain additional protections (for example:  a worker’s right to join a union, a ban on discrimination based on gender or race)

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1802: Ohio's first constitution is passed

1851: Ohio's second constitution is passed

1873: Constitutional convention

1912: 33 of 41 amendments made to the 1873 constitution, some consider this a new constitution