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MUHAMMAD AZRIEL BIN SAIFUL YAZANI 187812

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MUHAMMAD AZRIEL BIN SAIFUL YAZANI 187812

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BOD is known as Biochemical Oxygen Demand?Biological Oxygen Demand. In other word, BOD is the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water that is needed or demanded by the aerobic Microorganisms upon decomposing organic matter in the water.

High BOD means that a lot of oxygen is used up by bacteria breaking down organic material. If there is high BOD in certain water system, the dissolved oxygen would decrease thus fish and other aquatic organism may not survive because they need oxygen to survive.
High BOD means many form of pollution occured such as domestic sewage, leakage, fertilizer runoff or maybe in the form of inorganic from industrial source.

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WAN NORHANIS AYUNI BINTI SHA'RANI 187759

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WAN NORHANIS AYUNI BINTI SHA'RANI 187759

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Biochemical Oxygen Demand or Biological Oxygen Demand, is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, unfavourable conditions occur. Depletion of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Further, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

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Ahmad Mursyidi Bin Ahmad Mustaman 189790

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Ahmad Mursyidi Bin Ahmad Mustaman 189790

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BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand that is used to measure the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO). DO is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water. Whenever the value of BOD getting higher, more difficult and costly waste treatment and disposal practices become when the waste discharge of BOD flow into a stream in excessive condition, the depletion of the stream’s oxygen to satisfy the causes of problems in streams ecology. Organisms that are more tolerant of lower dissolved oxygen levels may replace a diversity of natural water systems contain bacteria, which need oxygen (aerobic) to survive. Most of them feed on dead algae and other dead organisms and are part of the decomposition cycle. Algae and other producers in the water take up inorganic nutrients and use them in the process of building up their organic tissues.

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BOD is biochemical oxygen demand is ameasured of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms(aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. BOD can be used as agauge of effectiveness of wastewaters treatmen plants. it is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S Clean Water Act.

BOd directly affects the amaount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams. The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables like tempeture, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganism.

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BODn (Biochemical Oxygen Demand after n days) is defined in detail in German Standard DIN 38 409-H51¹ and is associated with certain experimental conditions. It represents the quantity of oxygen which is consumed in the course of aerobic processes of decomposition of organic materials, caused by microorganisms. The BOD therefore provides information on the biologically-convertible proportion of the organic content of a sample of water. This leads to the consideration of these materials in terms of their susceptibility to oxidation by the use of oxygen. BOD is stated in mg/l of oxygen and is usually measured within a period of 5 days (BOD₅

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WEE WEN SZE 189273
BOD stands for Biochemical oxygen demand. It is a standard method for indirect measurement of the amount of organic pollution that can be used in oxidized biologically in a sample of water. BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. The result of a BOD test indicates the amount of wat

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical oxygen demand or BOD is a chemical procedure for determining the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. It is not a precise quantitative test, although it is widely used as an indication of the organic quality of water. It is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days (BOD₅) of incubation at 20°C and is often used as a robust surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.

BOD directly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams. The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the water.

The greater the BOD, the more rapidly oxygen is depleted in the stream. This means less oxygen is available to higher forms of aquatic life. The consequences of high BOD are the same as those for low dissolved oxygen: aquatic organisms become stressed, suffocate, and die.

Sources of BOD include topsoil, leaves and woody debris; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban stormwater runoff.

BOD is affected by the same factors that affect dissolved oxygen. BOD measurement requires taking two measurements. One is measured immediately for dissolved oxygen (initial), and the second is incubated in the lab for 5 days and then tested for the amount of dissolved oxygen remaining (final). This represents the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms to break down the organic matter present in the sample during the incubation period.

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Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD, also called biological oxygen demand) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed (i.e., demanded) by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per litre of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.[1]

BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, unfavorable conditions occur. Depletion of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Further, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

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187595

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187016
Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. Natural sources of organic matter include plant decay and leaf fall. However, plant growth and decay may be unnaturally accelerated when nutrients and sunlight are overly abundant due to human influence. Urban runoff carries pet wastes from streets and sidewalks; nutrients from lawn fertilizers; leaves, grass clippings, and paper from residential areas, which increase oxygen demand. Oxygen consumed in the decomposition process robs other aquatic organisms of the oxygen they need to live. Organisms that are more tolerant of lower dissolved oxygen levels may replace a diversity of natural water systems contain bacteria, which need oxygen (aerobic) to survive. Most of them feed on dead algae and other dead organisms and are part of the decomposition cycle. Algae and other producers in the water take up inorganic nutrients and use them in the process of building up their organic tissues.

Higher the BOD, higher the amount of pollution in the test sample. For the contaminants that cannot be oxidized biologically, chemical oxygen demand (COD) method is used.

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Biochemical Oxygen Demand or we know as a (BOD) is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO)that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water.

Based on realtechwater.com, BOD is important to Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, unfavourable conditions occur. Depletion of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Further, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

Moreover it, Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. Natural sources of organic matter include plant decay and leaf fall. However, plant growth and decay may be unnaturally accelerated when nutrients and sunlight are overly abundant due to human influence. Urban runoff carries pet wastes from streets and sidewalks; nutrients from lawn fertilizers; leaves, grass clippings, and paper from residential areas, which increase oxygen demand. Oxygen consumed in the decomposition process robs other aquatic organisms of the oxygen they need to live. Organisms that are more tolerant of lower dissolved oxygen levels may replace a diversity of natural water systems contain bacteria, which need oxygen (aerobic) to survive. Most of them feed on dead algae and other dead organisms and are part of the decomposition cycle. Algae and other producers in the water take up inorganic nutrients and use in the  process of building up their organic tissues.

Furthermore, consumers like fish and other aquatic animals eat some of the producers, and the nutrients move up the food chain. When these organisms die, bacteria decompose the organic compounds and release into the water inorganic nutrients such as nitrate, phosphate, calcium, and others. Some of these nutrients end up down stream or in sediments, but most of them recycle again and again. Most of the bacteria in the aquatic water column are aerobic. That means that they use oxygen to perform their metabolic activities of decomposition. Remember that we learned in other related exercises that under normal conditions, dissolved oxygen exists in very low concentrations.

In conclusion, when abnormally high levels of aerobic bacterial activity takes place, however, the level of dissolved oxygen can drop dramatically. Generally, this occurs when there is some sort of abnormal "pollution" introduced into the system. This can occur in the form of organic pollution for sources such as domestic sewage, septic tank leakage, and fertilizer runoff, or could be in the form of inorganics from domestic or industrial sources. Natural sources of organic compounds can also come into aquatic systems by means of floods, landslides, and erosion.

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187970
BOD is stand for biochemical oxygen demand which is to measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms in the oxidation of organic matter. BOD can be used as a gauge of effectiveness of wastewaters treatment plants. Whenever the value of BOD getting higher, more difficult and costly waste treatment and disposal practices become when the waste discharge of BOD flow into a stream in excessive condition, the depletion of the stream’s oxygen to satisfy the causes of problems in streams ecology.

Next, BOD is also about the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to breakdown organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period (Nemerow, 1974). Example of aerobic biological organisms are Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio Cholera.

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A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) monitoring system, based on electrochemically-active bacteria in combination with a microbial fuel cell, has been developed for the purpose of on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring of practical wastewater. A microbial fuel cell that had been enriched with electrochemically-active bacteria was used as the basis of the measurement system. When synthetic wastewater was fed to the system, the current generation pattern and its Coulombic yield were found to be dependent on the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater. A linear correlation between the Coulombic yields and the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater were established. Real wastewater obtained from a sewage treatment plant also produced a highly linear correlation between the Coulombic yield and BOD5 in the system. To examine on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring capability, the BOD monitoring system was installed at a sewage treatment plant. Over 60 days, the measurement system was successfully operated with high accuracy and good stability with the measuring period for a sample being 45 min. This application showed that the application of the measurement system was a rapid and practical way for the determination of BOD5 in water industries.

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Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the  oxygen required by aerobic organisms , as those in sewage for metabolism. It is used to measure the degree of water pollution. Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, unfavourable conditions occur. Depletion of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Further, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

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Biological oxygen demand (BOD) is a standard method for indirect measurement of the amount of organic pollution (that can be oxidized biologically) in a sample of water. BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. The result of a BOD test indicates the amount of water-dissolved oxygen (expressed as parts per million or milligrams per liter of water) consumed by microbes incubated in darkness for five days at an ambient temperature of 20°C. Higher the BOD, higher the amount of pollution in the test sample. For the contaminants that cannot be oxidized biologically, chemical oxygen demand (COD) method is used.

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BOD is define as the Biochemical Oxygen Demand which is known as  the quantity of oxygen needed for the aerobic biological organisms to break down the organic material present in given water sample in certain temperature over the specific time period. Indirect it also increased the oxygen demand. BOD also measures how much oxygen is used by bacteria that help to decomposed dead organic matter.  BOD happened from the human and animal waste product. Besides, it also came from the farming area, which is from the runoff of the fertilizer. The fertilizer will flow direct to the river near. And forming the algae bloom, when nutrient in excess. Algae bloom is known as a algae that will cover the whole surface of the river and blocking the light from the sun to enter direct in the river. Light is one of the element that needed in the photosynthesis process (by the producer) when there is no light, photosynthesis cannot happened so that the aquatic plant will die. So oxygen also cannot be produce. Less oxygen, the oxygen demand will increase. Total BOD is more significance to food webs than to water quality.

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MUHAMMAD ALIFF HAIKAL BIN ZAINUDIN 187854

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MUHAMMAD ALIFF HAIKAL BIN ZAINUDIN 187854

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Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD, also called biological oxygen demand) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per litre of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water. BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act. BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical oxygen demand or BOD is a chemical procedure for determining the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. It is not a precise quantitative test, although it is widely used as an indication of the organic quality of water.
BOD directly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams. The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the water.

The greater the BOD, the more rapidly oxygen is depleted in the stream. This means less oxygen is available to higher forms of aquatic life. The consequences of high BOD are the same as those for low dissolved oxygen: aquatic organisms become stressed, suffocate, and die.

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BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand ) is one of the most common measures of pollutant organic material in water. BOD indicates the amount of putrescible organic matter present in water. Therefore, a low BOD is an indicator of good quality water, while a high BOD indicates polluted water. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is consumed by bacteria when large amounts of organic matter from sewage or other discharges are present in the water. DO is the actual amount of oxygen available in dissolved form in the water. When the DO drops below a certain level, the life forms in that water are unable to continue at a normal rate. The decrease in the oxygen supply in the water has a negative effect on the fish and other aquatic life. Fish kills and an invasion and growth of certain types of weeds can cause dramatic changes in a stream or other body of water. Energy is derived from the oxidation process. BOD specifies the strength of sewage. In sewage treatment, to say that the BOD has been reduced from 500 to 50 indicates that there has been a 90 percent reduction.

The BOD test serves an important function in stream pollution-control activities. It is a bioassay procedure that measures the amount of oxygen consumed by living organisms while they are utilizing the organic matter present in waste, under conditions similar in nature. The other traditional tests or indicators for water quality are chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pH.

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The abbreviation of BOD stands for biological oxygen demand. It is a standard method for indirect measurement of the amount of organic pollution (that can be oxidized biologically) in a sample of water. In other words, it is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. Natural sources of organic matter include plant decay and leaf fall. Urban runoff carries pet wastes from streets and sidewalks; nutrients from lawn fertilizers; leaves, grass clippings, and paper from residential areas, which increase oxygen demand. The result of a BOD test indicates the amount of water-dissolved oxygen (expressed as parts per million or milligrams per litre of water) consumed by microbes incubated in darkness for five days at an ambient temperature of 20°C. The higher the BOD, the higher the amount of pollution in the test sample. When abnormally high levels of aerobic bacterial activity takes place, however, the level of dissolved oxygen can drop dramatically. Generally, this occurs when there is some sort of abnormal "pollution" introduced into the system. This can occur in the form of organic pollution for sources such as domestic sewage, septic tank leakage, and fertilizer runoff, or could be in the form of inorganics from domestic or industrial sources. Natural sources of organic compounds can also come into aquatic systems by means of floods, landslides, and erosion. During the 1960's and the 1970's, this phenomenon was widespread with dramatic fish kills and large segments of slow-moving rivers and lakes becoming almost abiotic (lifeless) because of high BOD caused by pollution.

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189350

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Standard method for indirect measurement of the amount of organic pollution (that can be oxidized biologically) in a sample of water. BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. The result of a BOD test indicates the amount of water-dissolved oxygen (expressed as parts per million or milligrams per liter of water) consumed by microbes incubated in darkness for five days at an ambient temperature of 20°C. Higher the BOD, higher the amount of pollution in the test sample. For the contaminants that cannot be oxidized biologically, chemical oxygen demand (COD) method is used

# data[].attributes.body
BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, a common measures of pollutant organic material in water. BOD indicates the amount of putrescible organic matter present in water. A low BOD is an indicator of good quality water, while a high BOD indicates a polluted water. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is consumed by bacteria when large amounts of organic matter from sewage or other discharges are present in the water. DO is the actual amount of oxygen available in dissolved form in the water. When the DO drops below a certain level, the life forms in that water are unable to continue at a normal rate. The decrease in the oxygen supply in the water has a negative effect on the quality of life for fish and other aquatic life.

The BOD test serves an important function in stream pollution-control activities. It is a bioassay procedure that measures the amount of oxygen consumed by living organisms while they are utilizing the organic matter present in waste, under conditions similar in nature.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand ) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed  by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.

BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD is known as Biochemical Oxygen Demand / Biological Oxygen demand; in other word, BOD is the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water that is needed or demanded by the aerobic microorganism  upon decomposing organic matter in the water.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality indicator as it provides an index to know the effect of discharged wastewater on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of dissolved oxygen (DO) needed by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, an unfavorable conditions occur. Lake of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Furthermore, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

Regulations for BOD will vary by country and region but in general, maximum allowable concentration for direct environmental wastewater discharge fall around 10 mg/L BOD and maximum allowable concentrations for discharge to sewer systems around 300 mg/L BOD.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD stands for Biochemical oxygen demand. It is a standard method for indirect measurement of the amount of organic pollution that can be used in oxidized biologically in a sample of water. BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. The result of a BOD test indicates the amount of water-dissolved oxygen that expressed as parts per million or milligrams per liter of water consumed by microbes incubated in darkness for five days at an ambient temperature of 20°C. Higher the BOD, higher the amount of pollution in the test sample.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD stands for Biochemical oxygen demand. It is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms like bacteria in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature.
High BOD means that a lot of oxygen is used up by bacteria breaking down organic material. If there is high BOD in certain water system, the dissolved oxygen would decrease thus fish and other aquatic organism may not survive because they need oxygen to survive.
High BOD means many form of pollution occured such as domestic sewage, leakage, fertilizer runoff or maybe in the form of inorganic from industrial source.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical Oxygen Demand or Biological Oxygen Demand, is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD value, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria. If the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from aquatic plants, algae photosynthesis or diffusing from air, unfavourable conditions occur. Depletion of DO causes stress on aquatic organisms, making the environment unsuitable for life. Further, dramatic depletion can lead to hypoxia or anoxic environments. BOD is also used extensively for wastewater treatment, as decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms is commonly used for treatment.

Regulations for BOD will vary by country and region. In general, maximum allowable concentration for direct environmental wastewater discharge fall around 10 mg/L BOD and maximum allowable concentrations for discharge to sewer systems around 300 mg/L BOD.

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BOD related to Biochemical Oxygen Demand , also called Biological Oxygen Demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period.
BOD directly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams. The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the water.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical Oxygen Demand or Biological Oxygen Demand, is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD, also called biological oxygen demand) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period.

BOD test procedure is based on the activities of bacteria and other aerobic microorganisms (microbes), which feed on organic matter in presence of oxygen. A low BOD is an indicator of good quality water, while a high BOD indicates polluted water.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment.
for example:

# data[].attributes.body
BOD, also called biological oxygen demand or biochemical oxygen demand  is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed  by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per litre of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.

Table regarding Biochemical Oxygen Demand Water Status

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water.The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.

BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water. BOD indicates the amount of putrescible organic matter present in water. Therefore, a low BOD is an indicator of good quality water, while a high BOD indicates polluted water. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is consumed by bacteria when large amounts of organic matter from sewage or other discharges are present in the water. DO is the actual amount of oxygen available in dissolved form in the water. When the DO drops below a certain level, the life forms in that water are unable to continue at a normal rate. The decrease in the oxygen supply in the water has a negative effect on the fish and other aquatic life. BOD is affected by the same factors that affect dissolved oxygen. BOD measurement requires taking two measurements. One is measured immediately for dissolved oxygen (initial), and the second is incubated in the lab for 5 days and then tested for the amount of dissolved oxygen remaining (final). This represents the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms to break down the organic matter present in the sample during the incubation period.

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect discharged wastewater will have on the receiving environment.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

Example:

# data[].attributes.body
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a chemical procedure for determining the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. It is not a precise quantitative test, although it is widely used as an indication of the organic quality of water. It is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days (BOD5) of incubation at 20°C and is often used as a robust surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.
BOD directly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams. The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the water.
The greater the BOD, the more rapidly oxygen is depleted in the stream. This means less oxygen is available to higher forms of aquatic life. The consequences of high BOD are the same as those for low dissolved oxygen: aquatic organisms become stressed, suffocate, and die.
Sources of BOD include topsoil, leaves and woody debris; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban stormwater runoff.

# data[].attributes.body
BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand ) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed  by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.

BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.

BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biodegradable organic matter.

BOD test bottles at the laboratory of a wastewater treatment plant.