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Planning is one of the 4 basic function of management. I learned that planning is about setting the organization goals and setting small goals to reach the major goals.

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Organization is the second of the four basic function of management. The organization function is to give assignments to others who are flexible, and able to complete the job.

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Download this Organization Concept photo now. And search more of the web's best library of royalty-free stock images from iStock.

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There are three different levels of management. they are: top management, middle management, and also supervisory management. Top management is CEO level. Middle management is like manager level. Supervisory management is like the floor lever manager

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Decisions are made at all levels of the firm. Some decisions are very common and routine but exceptionally valuable. Although the value of improving any single one of these decisions may be small, improving hundreds of thousands of these small decisions adds up to a large annual value.

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A company CSR is the managerial obligation to take action that protects and improves both the welfare of society as a whole and the interests of organization. and example would be The Home Depot. Home Depot do workshops to teach others how to do home projects, and also they send workers from a store to help out another in any case

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Learn about The Home Depot Foundation's grant programs: Community Impact Grants and Veteran Housing Grants.

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The capacity to reflect on values in the corporate decision-making process, to determine how these values and decision affect various stakeholder groups, and to establish how managers can use these observations in day-to-day company management.

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Ethics is an integral part of research from the beginning to the end. It is only by getting the ethics right that research excellence can be achieved. Ethical research conduct implies the application of fundamental ethical principles and legislation to scientific research in all possible domains of research - for example biomedical research, nature sciences, social sciences and humanities.

The most common ethical issues include:

the involvement of children, patients, vulnerable populations,

the use of human embryonic stem cells,

privacy and data protection issues,

research on animals and non-human primates.

It also includes the avoidance of any breach of research integrity, which means, in particular, avoiding fabrication, falsification, plagiarism or other research misconduct.

Ethics is given the highest priority in EU funded research: all the activities carried out under Horizon 2020 must comply with ethical principles and relevant national, EU and international legislation, for example the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the European Convention on Human Rights.

In the work programme 2014-2015 'Science with and for Society', one of the ethics topics, aims at promoting research integrity. The research misconduct cases in the 1980s in the United States have led to the adoption of guidelines and codes of conduct, however, the cases are very complex and diverse. As there is no single approach to research misconduct, the pros and cons of different methods should be assessed. The cases where suspicion was confirmed and lead to sanctions are indispensable.

The other topic focusses on ethics dumping. Due to the progressive globalisation of research activities, the risk is higher that research with sensitive ethical issues is conducted by European organisations outside the EU in a way that would not be accepted in Europe from an ethical point of view. This exportation of these non-compliant research practices is called ethics dumping.

In order to mitigate and reduce the risk, European, national and international ethics bodies should collaborate actively and at multiple levels: within the EU, between the EU and other high-income countries, and between high-income and low-income countries, where the risks of dumping is higher. Good practices shall be identified with the aim of elaborating a code of conduct for all actors.

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Ethics - Horizon 2020 - European Commission

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Ethics is an integral part of research from the beginning to the end. It is only by getting the ethics right that research excellence can be achieved. Ethical research conduct implies the application of fundamental ethical principles and legislation to scientific research in all possible domains of research - for example biomedical research, nature sciences, social sciences and humanities.

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This act protects someone to report a a unethical issue and not be fired. (whistle - blowers)

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The performance of management activities across national borders, includes emphasis on organizations in foreign countries.

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A company that has significant operations in more than one country. Starbucks would be an example.

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A global organization that view the whole world as a business arena.

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Planning is determining how the organization can get to where it wants to go and what will it do to accomplish its objective. The purpose of planning is to minimize risk and reduce the uncertainties surrounding business condition and clarifying the consequences of related management actions, increase organization success, and to establish a coordinated effort within the organization.

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The two types are programmed decision and non-programmed decision. Program decision a routine and repetitive and that typically requires specific handling methods. non programmed decision is a one-shot decision. a decision that is more on the spot.

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Environment analysis and types environmental managers 

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Environment analysis and types environmental managers 

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Environmental analysis is the study of organizational environment to pinpoint environmental factors that can significantly influence organizational operation. The 3 types of environmental managers are general, industry, and internal environments.

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Relationship between organization mission and objectives 

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Relationship between organization mission and objectives 

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Both Organizational mission and objectives have something to do with each other because they flow with each other. Knowing the organization mission helps managers set targets or objectives that help reach the existence of a company.

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The term division of labor is to assign different task to different people, instead of putting a lot of responsibility on one person.

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Step 1- is to understand the objective of the organization,

Step 2- is to assign the right activities to reach the organizational objectives

Step 3- is to assign the activities to a group of people

Step 4- Make the specific job to the individuals to take responsibility of that job

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Clan Culture – is more of a family that include activities that reflects on shared values, teamwork, and organization commitment

Adhocracy Culture – have few rules and have a creative workplace

Hierarchy Culture – Is formal and leaders are focus on coordination and organization stricter.

Market Culture – More orientated on stock holders, not just customers.

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A code of conduct is a document that reflects the core values of an organization and suggest how members should act in relation to those value.

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Upward organizational communication –  when there’s a shift up from any point on the organization chart.

Informal – don’t follow the lines on the chart and typically follow its on pattern because it’s base of personal relationship.

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It springs up and is used irregularly within an organization

It is not controlled by top executives, who may not even be able to influence it.

It exists largely to serve the self-interest of the people in the organization.

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Problem-solving team- is a team help to solve or eliminate a problem.

Self-managed team- is a team that does the function of managements and does it work with minimal management help.

Cross-functional team- team that works in different area in an organization.

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EEOC- is an agency established to enforce federal laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, disability, sexual orientation, national origin, and genetic information in recruitment, hiring, firing, layoffs, and all other employment

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Leadership is the process of directing the behavior of others toward the accomplishment of an objective.

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Leadership is the behavior a leader exhibits while guiding organization members in appropriate directions

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suggest that the primary activities of a leader are to make desirable and achievable rewards available to organization members who attain organizational goals and to clarity the kinds of behavior that must be performed to earn those rewards.

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1. Measure performance
2. Comparing measure performance to standards
3. taking corrective action

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Before managers can determine what must be done to make an organization more effective and efficient they must measure current organization

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Position power- is the power to derived from organizational positions a manager holds.

personal power- is the power derived from a manager's relationship with others.

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A plan of action aimed at providing an organization with the right facilities to produce the needed output at the right time.