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The Fordney-McCumber tariff raised taxes on most U.S. imports to 60 percent. This was the highest level taxes had ever been raised. This tariff made it difficult for France and Britain to sell goods in the U.S. . Leaving them hopeless to repay war debt.  This tariff was passed by Warren G. Harding, the president who began presidency in 1921. Because of France and Britain's inability to pay war debt, Charles Dawes was sent to negotiate loans. This resulted in America investors loaning Germany $2.5 million to pay Britain and France. Then those countries would pay the U.S. back. This was known as the Dawes Plan. Many did not agree with this solution.  France and Britain didn't think the U.S. was paying a fair amount, also the U.S. had gained from  the loss of Germany while Europe for victory with lives. Yet, the U.S. believed France and Britain financially irresponsible. During Harding's presidency, his administration began to unravel due to his corrupt friends using their offices to become wealthy through graft. One of his friends, Charles Forbes, was caught illegally selling government and hospital supplies to private companies. Another one of his corrupt friends, Thomas Miller, was caught taking a bribe. One example of corruption in Harding's administration was Teapot dome scandal. Albert Fall secretly land to private private oil companies. All these scandals gave Harding and his administration a terrible reputation.

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The automobile changed many landscapes in the 1920's. Paved, gravel, and brick roads were made with shops, salons, and gas stations lining the streets. In the early 20's traffic signals began flashing across route 66. In the later 20's the first underwater tunnels designed for cars was introduced. Then in 1929 the first intersection was constructed. All these constructions allowed people to drive to different businesses and gave much more profit to them. People began rarely using trains as transport almost every family had their own automobile. Cars gave them no need to use the railroad and gave people much more freedom. During this age of automobiles, planes also started taking off. They were largely used as mailing service for the states. Because of the invention of weather forecasting, planes began having radio and navigation instruments. The airplane allowed goods to be transported farther and faster which helped many businesses. The airplane quickly became the most popular transport in the late 20's pushing the railroads popularity down. During this era of automobiles, some were not able to afford them. This is when credit or an "installment plan' surfaced. Credit allowed people to buy things when they didn't have the money. Much like loans they gave money so people could buy expensive things like automobiles and other new technologies. Though credit seemed like a great invention, people used it out of hand. For example, one family bought a car with credit. When it was time for them to pay back their loan, they were unable to. So they sold their stove and bought another one with credit. People and families began buying things, they could not afford usually, with this installment plan. Many business were making money from this credit when in reality their apparent prosperity was one-dimensional. The money people were buying things with was not guaranteed. It made buying and paying back the installment plan very complicated. Buying with credit was like paying with monopoly money. People also used the installment plan to purchase electronics like radios and refrigerators. Electricity became very popular and began to travel to even the smallest suburbs instead of isolated to big cities. To get people to buy these products advertisements became more popular. They had a huge impact on businesses and what people bought. Some businesses could not afford advertisements and as a result lost profit. Consumers focused on the large businesses and smaller ones and farmers lost popularity and money. Many of these businesses lost huge amounts of money. This was due to others advertisements pushing consumers away from other products and pulling them towards their own.

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During the 1920's African Americans started changing their perception of themselves. "Black is beautiful" was a saying that began to circulate in the African American community. During this time American literature became more popular. American Jazz was brought into the black community in New york where many African American artists had settled. One of these artist was Langston Hughes. Hughes combined his poetry with jazz music. His common theme of freedom in his poetry appears often in African American literature since the 1920's. Jazz like Hughes began to take over. It was played in black homes and bars. The sound echoed through the streets and jazz popularity grew. As a result of jazz popularity in black culture, the white community began to show an interest in the music. Jazz began to echo through white and black communities gaining popularity every day. Jazz was played in streets and bars across the country and danced to by all community's and races.

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A flapper was an idea created in the 1920's. It was a woman that wore dresses inches above the knee, high-heeled pumps, and short bobbed hair dyed black. This trend empowered women and encouraged other young girls to be more assertive and open. Women began to demand equal rights and began doing things that exclusively men did. These things included drinking in public, smoking, and talking openly about sex. Despite their assertive attitudes, women were still limited. Men and some women viewed flappers as rebellious women instead of a group creating powerful movement. When casual dating became accepted men were allowed more freedom than women. This resulted in women being torn between old and new standards. Many new opportunities for women to obtain jobs surfaced after WW1. Many women began supporting themselves with jobs such as  typists, filing clerks, secretaries, stenographers, and office-machine operators. These new jobs broke many stereotypes about women and what they were able to do in the workplace.