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- The boatman who took Gilgamesh over the Sea of Death.
- he got rid of Gilgamesh's clothes trying to make him forget of Enkidu.

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At first glance at Gilgamesh, Utnapishtim believed that he couldn't cure Gilgamesh's grief. Why do you think that Utnapishtim allowed Gilgamesh to talk out his grief, even if he couldn't cure it?

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G meets Utnapishtim after crossing the Sea of Death and speaks to him about Enkidu and how his death affected him.

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¨Gilgamesh was speaking but only to relieve his weight of grief/ not to demand an understanding.

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Geography: Mountains and sea(Gilgamesh traveled a long way to meed Utnapishtim)

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- seemed to be caring as his eyes were full of hospitality
- is described as very old and rugged
-damaged right eye
-believes real immortality should not be possible but true immortality is through love and friendship
-informs Gilgamesh about the flower of eternal life
- does not like iternal life and believes that it is a negative thing

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-Ea is a god and knows about their plan
-Ea came to Utnapishtim's house and basically told him to leave as the gods were planning to flood the city.
- Ea is on Utnapishtim's side and helps him evacuate.

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"My friend has died so many times in me,/ And yet he still seems so alive,/ Like a younger brother,/ Then suddenly like soft tissue,/ A dried leaf.

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Anu- aging father
Enlil- the god of war, blesses Utnapishtim and his family with immortality.
Ishtar- adviser, and beautiful, regrets flooding the city.

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Do you think that through Utnapishtim, being immortal and facing the consequences of immortality already, telling Gilgamesh the consequences of immortality, that he is trying to warn Gilgamesh from facing the same outcomes?

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Utnapishtim consoles Gilgamesh to lessen his grief but rejects his wish due to the consequences that would follow from immortality. He realized what happened to him and why he wished he had died. He is trying to convince G to not become immortal.

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"I think love´s kiss kills our heart of flesh./ It is the only way to eternal life/ which should be unbearable if lived."

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Symbol: the flowers represent friends and families.

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Symbol: Immortality symbolized friendship and true love. (Love's kiss is the only way to eternal life)

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Utnapishtim tells his story of how he became immortal and why that was the wrong choice. He used to live in a city called Shurrupak. The gods decided to flood the city, yet Ea warns Utnapishtim to build a boat so that he can escape the flood and he builds one that houses a few people, the seed of all the animals, and food. However, after the flood occurs he, along with the gods, are shameful of what they had done. Back to the present, Utnapishtim remorses on why what he did was wrong and tries to convince Gilgamesh to not follow in his footsteps.

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What is the purpose of Utnapishtim telling his background story of how he became immortal to Gilgamesh? Do you think that this will change Gilgamesh's views of becoming immortal, even though he is desperate to bring Enkidu back to life?

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"It was very old and so many were the gods/ Within it./ They converged in their complex hearts/ On the idea of creating a great flood.

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Relating to the Bible: Noah's Ark relates to page 77 because in Gilgamesh, there is a flood coming, and Ea wants to spare Utnapishtim. This also happened in Noah's Ark because there was a flood coming and the gods spare Noah and his family.

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After the great rains that flooded Shurrupak, Utnapishtim felt weak as he couldn't do anything to make the society whole again when he saw a "sea of death". What do you think Utnapishtim's weakness was that made him not strong enough to make the society whole again? Why do you think he didn't stand up with confidence to lead the society and bring it together to make it whole again?

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Gilgamesh stays with Utnapishtim for a few days and sleeps for 7 days straight. As a result, Utnapishtim is angry and forces him to leave. At the last moment, Utnapishtim feels bad for Gilgamesh and decides to help him. He says that there is a plant that can assist Gilgamesh in the river nearby. Then, happily, Gilgamesh leaves.

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Gilgamesh decides that his journey is over and heads back to Uruk. On the way back, he stops to go take a bath in a river. Unfortunately, a serpent comes and eats the plant that he painstakingly got. He enters Uruk as a different man who is kind and generous. s

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Within these pages of Gilgamesh, Utnapishtim explains to Gilgamesh that he is incapable of living like a god, despite him being so desperate for eternal life. Furthermore, after Utnapishtim told Gilgamesh this, he also told Urshanabi to get rid of the clothing that Gilgamesh was wearing so that Gilgamesh isn't constantly reminded of Enkidu and can start a new life. Why do you think that just before Gilgamesh left to Uruk "to start a new life", that Utnapishtim told Gilgamesh about the flower that gives eternal life? Do you think that Utnapishtim pitied Gilgamesh and wanted to give him a way to cure his grieve, by bringing Enkidu back to life with the flower that gave eternal life?

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When Gilgamesh was on his journey back to Uruk, he had stopped to bathe in a pool. During the time he was freshening up, a serpent had eaten the flower that gave eternal life. Do you think that there was a reason for Gilgamesh's hope of bringing Enkidu back to life to disappear so suddenly? Was this supposed to teach Gilgamesh a lesson about something? If so, what is the lesson that this event is supposed to teach Gilgamesh?

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Symbol: Utnapishtim told the boatman to bathe Gilgamesh and to burn the pelts he was wearing, so he can be fresh, young and return to the city untired. The pelts Gilgamesh was wearing symbolized his memory of Enkidu, and his sorrow of losing his friend.

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Relating to the Bible: The rose that guarantees immortality is like the apple in Adam and Eve. Gilgamesh was tempted and wanted immortality, so he pricked his finger with the thorn. In Adam and Eve, the snake tempted them, and so they took a bite.

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- seeked for help and wisdom from Utnapishtim to find eternal life.
- left in sorrow as his clothes burned. his only reminder of Enkidu.
- his mood fluctuated rapidly. He had been so excited when he obtained the flower but then cried because the snake had taken away his only chance of getting Enkidu back.

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"A serpent had smelled it's sweet fragrance and saw/ Its chance to come from the water, and devoured/ The plant, shedding its as slough."

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Symbol: Bathing in Gilgamesh symbolizes a new life , cleaning away sorrowness. For example, after Gilgamesh gets pricked by the thorn, he bathes himself.