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Andrenidae Family :
The Andrenidae family consists of small bees that are commonly found in areas of sandy soil. These bees are known as miner bees for their burrowing habit. Some species from this family are only active during the night, but most are active during the day.
They're mainly black or brown in color and are usually 0.8 inches or less.

Colletidae Family :
This family has approximately 160 bee species. The bees from this family are known as plaster or polyester bees. This is because they apply cellophane like secretions on the walls of their nests. They'll attach eggs to the upper walls of the cell. The nesting cells are sealed off with bactericide mouth secretions The bees will leave liquid nectar and pollen provisions on the floor for the when the eggs hatch.
These bees are hairy, slender, and medium in size. This family is distinguished by their heart shaped faces and a distinctive 'S' curve at the end of their wings.
They reside mostly in Australia and South Africa. Most plaster bees nest in the ground although some species nest in places such as plant stems or the crevices of brick and stones.

Stenotrietidae :
This bee family can only be found in Australia with 21 species. Not much is known about them.

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Dasypodaidae :
These bees are mainly found in Africa, known for being smaller than most. This family is the oldest and represents the transition .

Halictidae :
These bees are known as perspiration for their attraction to sweat. This family can be found world-wide. Most have a tendency to nest in the ground while others will nest in things such as  wood.
The queens will typically build simple or branched tunnels in the ground. These tunnels will have cells constructed into the firmly tampered ground. The cells have waterproof secretions from the salivary glands. Said secretions maintain the humidity for the larva to survive. The bees who cannot secrete linings, will spin a cocoon instead.
Inside the tunnels, a mixture of nectar and pollen are put into cells with one egg in each. After the egg is put in the cell the tunnel is filled with dirt.  Once a hatched Larva uses the mixture to eat, they begin to become an adult. When the metamorphosis is finished, the bee will dig its way out of the tunnel.
In the beginning of Autumn, the females will begin to eat only nectar. They will continue to eat only nectar until they hibernate. After they emerge in the spring, they begin to eat pollen. Doing such will help with ovarian development. Once this development begins, they'll start to nest.

Melittidae :
This is a very small family of bees that are found in the Northern temperate of Africa. These bees also pollinate only one specific flower. It's the Red Bartsia, a wildflower native to Europe.

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By : Bethany Wiggins

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A bee has three major segments,  the stinger, legs, and antenna ( the three segments ) are all modified into one big segment.
Bees are invertebrates, so they have an exoskeleton instead. Their exoskeleton is rigid from layers of wax. The main component of the exoskeleton is the Chitin. The Chitin is polymer of glucose. This can support a lot of weight with a small amount of material. Their exoskeleton keeps them from continually growing.
When the bees are in a larval stage, they will periodically shed their exoskeleton. Once they're an adult, they stop shedding and stay at that size.

Bees don't have a circulatory system, and have no veins or arteries. Instead, their organs are bathed in a liquid called hemolymph. This is a mixture made from blood and lymphatic fluids.
They breathe with a complex structured network of tracheas and air sacs. Air is vacuumed into their bodies through specific segments from their air sacs. Once these segments are closed, the air sacs are compressed and air goes throughout their body.

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Antenna :
The antenna has three different main segments. Those segments are the flagellum, pedicel, and the scape.
The antenna has thousands of sensory organs. These organs are specialized for touch, smell, and taste. For a long while, bees where actually believed to be unable to perceive sound due to them having no pressure-sensitive organs. More research was done due to their buzzing. The bees can 'hear' from sensing movement in the air. Hair-like mechanoreceptors on the antenna allow them to do so.

Eyes :

Honey bees have two eyes that will take up majority of the face surface. These are compound eyes. Each compound eye is made up of many cells, or Ommatidia. They're mostly lens' and cones, but there are some retina's ( light sensors ) as well.
The average worker bee will have four thousand to six thousand, while drone bees have seven thousand to eight and six tenth thousand cells in their eyes. This is believed to be because drone bees need better sight for when they meet.
Bees have five eyes total, and the last three are simpler. These three eyes are known as the Ocelli. A Ocellus eye is simple, as said before, and doesn't provide much focus. Instead, it collects information on light intensity. These eyes are near the top.

Mouth Parts :
A honey bee's mouth can both chew and suck while other insects, such as grasshoppers, can only do one or the other. They have both mandibles and proboscis. The mandibles are like teeth, they can both open and close. The mandibles are used for chewing wood, manipulating wax, cleaning other bees, and biting pests or workers.
The proboscis is mainly used for sucking liquids from a hive in exchange for food. They will suck liquids such as honey. It's also used to remove water from the nectar.  The worker bees can put a drop of honey between the proboscis and the rest of the mouth parts to increase the surface area.

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The thorax is split into three different segments. Each segment has a pair of spiracles for letting in air.
Bees have two pair of wings as well as three pairs of legs. The legs are versatile with claws on  the last tarsomere. The tarsomere allows them to have a good grip on rough surfaces. They also have soft pads, or arolium, to help them walk on smooth surfaces. On the front leg there's a special structure for cleaning the antenna. It's called an 'Antenna cleaner' and its used when there's a build up of pollen on the antennas.
There are special structures in a bees legs to help them collect pollen. One of the hind legs has a special structure of the tibia known as a pollen basket. The pollen basket is used for collecting pollen or propolis for foragers. It's a concave structure with hairs on the edge. This basket in used to keep all the collect pollen with them while as they fly.
The bee's front wings are larger than the pair of wings in the back. The two pairs or wings are synchronized while in flight with winged hooks, or the humuli. The hind wings that would hitch into the folds on the rear ends of the front wings. These wings are powered by two muscles which rest in the Thorax, and those are the longitudinal and vertical muscles.
While a bee is at flight, the longitudinal muscles will contract, and the Thorax will begin to rise. The wings will begin to lower while the Thorax raises due to the structure of the fulcrum.

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Bees have glands that are concealed between their inter-segment membranes. These glands produce wax and a bee has four of them. Also, when the wax is produce, it can be seen with the naked eye. The wax comes out of the glands thin and quite clear until a bee will begin to chew on it. Then it turns white.
The digestive track is same as most insects, for the most part. Near the end of where the honey crop is, there's a special structure called the proventriculus. It has a tooth-like structure as well as muscles and valves. These special structures allow the bee to remove grains of pollen from nectar. They also help to stop the back flow of food being digested in the crop. This ensures that the pollen for the bees won't be contaminated.
The ventriculus is the functioning stomach for the bees as well as their largest organ. The Malpighian tubes are small tubes that attach to the rear end of the ventriculus. These tubes act like the kidney, as they will remove waste.

When a worker bee stings you, the bee will attempt to get away after, but their stinger will get stuck. When they succeed and escape, they lose their stinger and it takes out part of their digestive system. It will also begin to pump a small amount of venom into the victim to a leave a 'mark'. This mark gives a signal out to other bees to sting the person with the mark.

In the bee's respiratory system, they have two very important organs. These organs are the ovary and the spermatheca.
In the ovary of the queen, there are individual ovarioles. As the eggs will mature they will begin to go down the ovarioles as well as grow and mature. As the eggs mature more, they will become more of a yellowish color.
The spermatheca is where the queen's sperm resides. The sperm will last for the entirety of the queen's mating flight, which will usually be a week long.
The queen's sperm can last up to 4 years, which is extremely helpful for them because they use their sperm for their entire lifetime to fertilize all of her eggs.
The spermatheca is covered by a large network of trachea. Once it's removed, it will come out spherical and shiny. But they will only some out that way with mated queens. The unmated queens will have a clear spermatheca.

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When the bee stings someone, it's an act of defense. That's why there's a gland that releases an alarmed pheromone to attract other bees to sting those who've been stung.

When a bee stings a mammal, its stinger becomes lodged into them. Once it's in, the bee cannot take it out and instead separates from it. When the stinger comes off, the digestive tract, muscles and nerves are separated from the bee and the rupture is what kills it.

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There are typically three stages in a bees life :
Lavra, Pupa, and the adult stages

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Once a worker bee has hatched, it will spend six days in a larva stage. For the first three days of this stage, they're fed 150 to 800 times. Afterwards, they're given less frequent and less nutritious meals. After eight or nine days of this, the bee enters a cocoon. Once they leave the cocoon,  the adult parts of the bees body will begin to form
( abdomen, legs, ect. )
The average worker bee will also typically live for fifteen to twenty-three days.

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https://youtu.be/aNoqN-IX5qs