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Interviews - Kieran Gibbs - Freelance Editor
Q:With your experience and knowledge of editing, in your opinion what noticeable differences do you see between traditional TV editing and web tv series editing?
A:I find Web series have a lot quicker cuts, they tend to to try and almost cram everything into an episode so therefore resulting in quicker cuts between scenes, conversations etc. When you watch “traditional TV” there almost filling gaps by dragging out the scene longer with more pauses etc - Sometimes this matches the narrative / story of the scene you are watching but I find Web series to be cut together a lot quicker and more fast paced.
Q:What aspects of the web tv series editing do you like? (you can use an example of a web series you’ve watched)
A:It’s a lot quicker and therefore the action tends to look a lot better because it matches the style of the editing, I also like how with web series the editor has a lot more creative control over how it looks (transitions, effects, graphics etc.) with “Traditional TV” the editing style is very “boxed” in and structured almost, whereas you see a lot more different techniques in web series like, glitches, flashback transitions, text animations etc.
Q:With your knowledge of editing, in your opinion, what do you think is more appealing about web tv series vs traditional tv
A:Because Web TV Series are new, and with the “ruling” a lot more relaxed it allows for a lot more creative freedom which makes the difference between the two very noticeable therefore to an audience that has pretty much grown up with “traditional TV” web series is something new, exciting and different.

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Interviews - Lucy Keal - Freelance Editor
Q: With your experience and knowledge of editing, in your opinion what noticeable differences do you see between traditional TV editing and web tv series editing?
A: So traditional TV is less likely to take risks it doesn't need to really. It will stick to it's traditions and audiences feel safe in it.
Online shows are more likely to push the envelope. So they thrive on style and controversy. They need to grab an audiences attention and keep them watching.
Although more modern shows on tv are starting to take bigger risks.
It is tricky because it really depends on what show you're watching. So breaking bad, peaky blinders, sherlock they're really styled and unique. But they are traditional TV properties.
Long running traditional TV shows are very set in their ways. But dramas are more adventurous. The only big difference it Netflix will only keep running for as long as it's popular and hyped.
But they do dabble in traditional shows too.
Q:What aspects of the web tv series editing do you like? (you can use an example of a web series you’ve watched).
A: I think every filmmaker loves a good one shot. Holding on a moment and letting the scene play out just gives it this different feel. So good example there would be the hallway scene in daredevil.
Another good moment that sticks out is in 13 Reasons Why. This is what I mean by shows thriving on controversy, they held on Hannah's suicide. The scene is two shots and they don't cut away or shy from the subject. It just a still shot that forces the audience to watch as this girl kills herself and then makes you spend a solid few minutes helplessly watching her Mother finding her in the bath. It's simple but powerful.
Q: With your knowledge of editing, in your opinion, what do you think is more appealing about web TV series VS traditional TV?
A: Again it depends on what sort of traditional you're talking about. Long standing TV shows like Doctor Who or Emmerdale they have their formulas and there's not really much room for experimentation. It leaves you with very little creative control and for many this can be grinding.
But traditional TV is limited by the fact that they are trying to fight for viewers so they want to keep to that safe format because it gets people watching. Channels like HBO don't have to do this because people are directly paying to see their content. This is kind of how netflix and amazon prime etc opperate too, you've already paid and are offered a variety of programmes to choose from rather than them desperately selling you one type of show.
Serial dramas (like game of thrones, breaking bad) they're better because they're more styled and impressive. Like most game of thrones episodes, especially the later seasons, are just mastering their craft. Like the Battle of the Bastards episode AMAZING editing.
It also has to be said that while these are TV properties they do very well online. Like hannibal is currently in talks to be bought by one of the streaming sites so they can continue the series since it got canceled on NBC. I'm really hoping it happens that show was fantastic.
Web TV series offer a larger variety of styles. They're more open to experimentation because it makes them stand out. When you have to fight against a never ending catalogue of other content you need to be seen as different and worth while. But there isn't as much of a push for one show to be popular the streaming site already has the money from subscriptions.
Online companies are more likely to take risks on wilder concepts too it's hard to imagine many of Netflix's original series being made off the site. Just look at Marvel's Netflix series in comparison to it's traditional TV counterpart.

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Books in Library
The art of the cut: Editing concepts ever filmmaker should know (Pix on phone)
✨This is an overarching principle of editing or what Preston Sturges has called the law of natural interest. The law  states a cut must be made at the exact time the audience wishes to focus their attention elsewhere (C: Cutting for interest, P47)
✨If a scene or sequence gets an emotional response from an audience, then that is the most important thing and overrides every else, even the story itself. Filmmaking is really about taking the audience (on an emotional roller coaster and ideally, leaving them with feelings and memories that will stay with them long after the movie is over. (C:Emotion trups all, P65)
✨An audience feels emotion when they identify and empathise with the characters. If an audience does not relate to the characters, then they will not care what the characters are doing or feelings...For this reason, the primary job of an editor is to bring to life whatever emotions are in the story. (C:Emotion trups all, P65)
⚡️Example : Stranger things when mike and eleven reunite, the slow motion, ambience sound, the realisation⚡️
✨It conveys energy, intensity and exhilaration....Ideally, fast sequences should be reserved for those parts of your story when a high-energy level or intensity is a appropriate; otherwise the film is nothing but continuous, in your-face intensity.(C:Fast Cutting, P77)
⚡️Example:13 Reasons Why
where Clay is on the mountain and tony finds him, high intensity scene or drama or stranger things⚡️

The technique of film editing

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Focus Groups
✨3 Separate groups
✨1st involving students who understand the concept around the editing narrative of a TV show (web series)
✨2nd involving a group of people who enjoy watching said TV shows (web series) but don’t have full knowledge of the post-production involved in the creation of the shows
✨3rd an older selection of people who have seen/noticed the development/popularity of said TV/web series seeing their opinion

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Title: Editing in tv web series
Aim: Do internet streaming sites provide more creative freedom for tv editor

Task:
journal articles - media trade journals

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Initial Research Secondary:  The codes, conventions and techniques of the web series format

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Initial Research Secondary:  The codes, conventions and techniques of the web series format

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Techniques:
Stranger Things editor Dean Zimmerman
✨"The Duffers wanted to these Edgar Wright-esque big sound transitions and building big moments, but then cutting to something quiet. So we took that idea and ran with it."
Codes and Conventions:

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Initial Research Secondary: The development of web tv series

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Initial Research Secondary: The development of web tv series

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Articles:
How binge-watching has changed TV forever (The Telegraph)
✨"With the advent of on-demand services such as BBC iPlayer and Channel 4 On Demand, and internet streaming services such as Netflix and Amazon Instant Video (formerly Lovefilm), how audiences follow television has fundamentally, irrevocably changed. Witness the rise of web series binge-watching."
✨"According to the US-based TV Guide app, 24 per cent of its users watch more than 40 hours of TV per week, up from 17 per cent in 2012. Audiences are becoming more demanding, pickier and more impatient - hence the decision by many TV conglomerates to "dump" entire series of certain shows online at a time, rather than drip-feeding us episode by episode."
✨"Tina Fey, who is launching her next show, Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, on Netflix, says she finds the streaming format “freeing". Expect fewer constraints; more experiments."
✨"you may have noticed huge advertising campaigns geared around Netflix subscriptions or TV "bundles". Why buy one old-fashioned DVD for that Secret Santa, when you could buy a whole series - and save on wrapping paper by getting it online? Marketing and distribution formats are being dramatically altered by the rise of the digital box set. More and more series are becoming exclusive to Netflix, too."

The web series is dying – and Netflix and Amazon Prime are responsible (The Guardian)

✨“It’s easy to see why producers seem to be turning away from web series. With the rising popularity of Netflix and Amazon Prime, the distinction between online viewing and television has disappeared. Three years ago, if you were filming a drama to be streamed online, it’s likely that your main competition was going to be a home video of a cat with a French voiceover. Now, it’s Kevin Spacey in House of Cards."

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Initial Research Secondary: The development of web tv series

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Initial Research Secondary: The development of web tv series

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Google Books-
Web TV Series: How to make and market them
✨"Telling stories or establishing a format over several consecutive episodes allows web series creators the opportunity to continuously perfect their project. For scripted series, serialised shows allows writers to expand their stories beyond a single short or feature film. Actors have the change for more in-depth characters exploration. Hosts of non-scripted formats can develop episode segments that maximise audience engagement.”
✨"The editing process is as much a part of story telling as writing. characteristics such as pacing, tone and motivation all once again come into play when constructing the narrative... Energy and creativity  should be brought to this part of the process."
✨"For web series, length of episodes and density of story are important factors to consider. During the editing process, experimenting with ways to shorten your video. Think about trimming dialogue, tightening transitions, or eliminating scenes altogether."
ETC. more

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Initial Research Secondary: Traditional TV editing

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Initial Research Secondary: Traditional TV editing

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Interview:
The art of TV editing: A conversation with Nancy Forner, A.C.E.
✨"So as I get all the dailies I put it together the way I think it should be. I put in sound effects and music. The pacing, the choice of performances, the cutting patterns, all those choices are based on how I think it should look and how I interpret the script. And that’s called the editor’s cut."
✨"The editor picks the one they think is best and sometimes the director will prefer something else."
✨(Talking about collaborating with producer) "Very often the shows are too long so we have to take out ten minutes. We have to pick what lines or what scenes to take out. We have to decide how to make things faster or slower."
Set episode restriction - Editing the narrative
✨(Talking about editing on Law&Order) "If I really love the series I just get wrapped up in the story. But I’m always watching the editing to try to learn from it. There are different styles of editing that get popular and then change in television and in movies too. It’s good to keep abreast of what the most current style of cutting is. Even though that’s not necessarily the right thing for [your] story, it is good to know what is new so you have the choice to use it or not."
✨"My first instinct and my first duty as an editor is to make sure whatever the writer/producer wrote gets expressed, through my editing...But because The Vampire Diaries and Buffy do tend to draw a younger audience, we tend to be more stylistic. We tend to use more music. The editing tends to be more fast paced and the cutting patterns more intense and varied because that generation can tolerate it and is used to it. [The viewers'] energy level is so high to begin with because they’re in their twenties, that they can relate to it and it resonates with them.

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Initial Research Secondary: Books & Articles

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Initial Research Secondary: Books & Articles

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Amazon books:
✨The Practical Guide to Documentary Editing: Techniques for TV and Film
✨The Editor's Toolkit: A Hands-On Guide to the Craft of Film and TV Editing
Google Books:
✨Producing for TV and Video: A Real-World Approach - P154

✨Producing for TV and New Media P23
Articles:
✨ The importance of good editing

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Subject change:
✨More creative freedom for tv editors
✨The editor and directors having creative freedom
✨The director/writers having freedom on this new format, no guidelines

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Do internet streaming sites provide more creative freedom for tv editors
✨Look into traditonal tv editing
✨The development of web series
✨The codes and conventions of the web series format
✨Identify the editing techniques that are used in web series format

To Do:
✨Initial research
-google scholar
-book articles
-journal articles

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Editing in drama TV series (Web television series)

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Editing in drama TV series (Web television series)

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✨Editing styles/techniques - Different genres
✨Set episode restriction - Editing the narrative

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(Web television series)

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(Web television series)

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VIDEO: 30 Creative Transitions Used in '13 Reasons Why'

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VIDEO: 30 Creative Transitions Used in '13 Reasons Why'

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http://nofilmschool.com/2017/05/watch-30-creative-transitions-used-13-reasons-why

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(Web television series)

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‘Stranger Things’ Editor Talks About the ‘Very Collaborative’ Duffer Brothers Set

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‘Stranger Things’ Editor Talks About the ‘Very Collaborative’ Duffer Brothers Set

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http://variety.com/2017/tv/awards/stranger-things-dean-zimmerman-editor-interview-emmys-1202515895/

Dean Zimmerman
✨"When we started, the Duffers wanted to these Edgar Wright-esque big sound transitions and building big moments, but then cutting to something quiet. So we took that idea and ran with it."
✨"...this series with how fast the Duffers wanted the series to be paced but still have moments where scenes get to play out with dramatic pauses. Those balances are incredibly important."

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VIDEO: These Are 34 of the Most Creative Cuts in 'Stranger Things'

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VIDEO: These Are 34 of the Most Creative Cuts in 'Stranger Things'

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http://nofilmschool.com/2016/09/watch-34-most-creative-cuts-stranger-things