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Fashion Before the Industrial Revolution.

Fashion has always been a part of human life. Since the beginning of time humans have covered their bodies with many different types of materials like animal skin and plant fibers. We have done this to provide warmth in cooler weather and to protect our sensitive skin from getting scratched or hurt by hard or sharp objects around us. Nevertheless, the decorative aspect has always been a big part of dressing our bodies. Even in the very beginning people liked to decorate their garments with feathers, bones and other interesting objects and materials that were pleasing to the eye. Fashion has always been a changing trend, but we can see that through out history people developed more skills and were able to make more difficult garments which meant more time-consuming labour. However when the industrial revolution started garments became simpler againg so that it would be easier to mass produce. In later years this has led to the over consumption of fashion. Fast fashion production has become unsustainable and is rapidly poluting our planet.

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Fashion trends in the 1st century- Ancient Roman Fashion Styles.

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Fashion trends in the 1st century- Ancient Roman Fashion Styles.

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For the Ancient Romans fashion was something practical but also a way of showing status. The Roman Fashion trends were first inspired by the Greeks. Then they developed these trends into their own style with the voluminous Roman toga.

Fashion trends in this era did not change very frequently, however the hair styles changed hurriedly. Common fabrics were wool, linen, and silk. Leather was used for shoes and sandals and some military gear.The common publics garment was usually not dyed. Yet, the very rich could dye their clothes and it was common that the emperor could use purple. Purple was made from sea snails.

Their garments consisted of tunics, cloaks, and mantles. Clothing was often formed from long fabrics that were twirled around the body in different shapes. Fabrics could be as large as 5.5 x 2.75 meters and most of the time were not fastened but heled under the arm which made it hard to do everyday chors in them.

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Fashion trends in the 10th – Middle Ages

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Fashion trends in the 10th – Middle Ages

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People of the Middle Ages also dressed for necessity, comfort, and display. Wool and linen where common however silk was very costly. They also used different fures to keep warm during the winter. In the 10th century the basic garments were a tunic slightly fitted with a high neck and long sleeves. The men wore shorter tunics. They usually wore a linen shirt underneath their tunics. The linen shirt was washed more often since it was worn closer to the skin.

Clothes were similar between different classes but what distinguished them from each other were the material that were used. They enjoyed bright colors and decorations like feathers, fringes, and embroidered designs. The also wore hats and gloves when the weather was cold. For special occations people often used cloaks and mantels.

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15th century up to the Industrial Revolution.

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15th century up to the Industrial Revolution.

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Later around the 15th century clothes became even more complicated specially for the wealthy. With even more atention to details. The female Body was altered using very tight under garments and even using metal and whaleboning to create a smaller waist. The use of many beautiful fabrics and much embroidery was very common.  Ruffled collars became very trendy and handmade lace was also introduced to the fashion on this era.

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Before the industrial revolution (that spanned over the year 1750-1900) fashion was a very valued craft. Textiles were weaved by hand and garments were also sew together manually. People didn’t have weaving machines or sewing machines. It was a very time-consuming labor to do all the different steps in the construction of a garment. People before the industrial revolution had to sew garments for their family members. Many families dividing the tasks of garment production between each other. For example, the women in one family weaved the fabric and then sent it to a neighbor that assembles and sew the garment. They did this so that they could divide the work between each other and could have time spare to do other household chores.

During the 17th and 18th century many things happened in the fashion industry that made it possible to industrialize. For example, “The Spinning Jenny” was invented by James Hargreaves. This tool made it possible to spin many yarn threads at the same time and significantly increased the production yarn. Another invention was the “Power loom” that was a big weaving tool that mechanized the process of weaving and made it possible to make a much faster and more consistent production of textiles.

Fashion also became much simpler witch made it much easier to mass produce garments. Since clothes were produced in a much faster pace. Fashion trends could then start changing faster aswell. All these advances have led to the start of the Fast fashion industry.

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The industry of fashion and fabric has transformed towards a more sustainable way. This through environmental awareness, technological advancements, consumer demand, and the pressure of regulations.

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Today, it is crucial that the clothes and fabrics we create doesn’t harm our planet. Companies in the industry have gone from regular cotton use to eco-friendlier and natural alternatives. For example organic cotton, hemp, bamboo, linen and recycled fibers.

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It’s a noticeable shift in the textile industry. More companies shift to environmentally friendly materials and work to reduce their ecological footprint. Awareness of the harm of pollution and waste is spread, increasing accountability among companies.

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But sustainability isn't just about materials. It is about how we make the garments. New innovative techniques can reduce water and energy use. As well as reduce waste. An example being waterless dyeing machines.

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The most important key to positive development is transparency. Since consumers rule the industry, and have an increased will to buy eco-friendly and consciously, companies win on being open about their production process. And companies  are therefore more willing to make conscious choices in production.

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As time progresses, new advances in technology are developed. This affects different areas of our daily lives, such as the infrastructure of cities, the medical field, transportation, machinery, and also textiles. The way we dress and the way we consume products has been evolving with time. The consciousness and environmental awareness of people is not the same as it has been in the past. Fortunately, brands have also been more conscious of the environment, creating better processes and better alternatives to take care of our future. It is estimated that with the passing of time we will see more innovations in materials of textiles that are friendly to the environment, such as lab-grown leather to materials made from reused plastic. In the future, designers will have a wider variety to choose from when it comes to materials. These innovations will push brands to be more creative by using new materials and to stop using traditional materials.

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Sustainable Fashion in the Future: Circular Fashion 

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Sustainable Fashion in the Future: Circular Fashion 

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Circular economy will be a main character in the future fashion industry. Designs are specifically made to be reused and when their lives are over and there is no way to keep using them, it will be easy to repair or modify to extend the years of use and finally recycle the materials to make a new piece. Designers will also have in mind to create products with longer life durability in order for consumers to use the products for the most time possible. As time passes, consumers will be better informed and will want to support brands that have ethical practices with their materials, processes and employees. People will much rather buy from a clothing brand that cares about giving fair salaries in exchange for their work with good work conditions in safe environments. It is estimated that purchases will be more thoughtful and better informed.

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Sustainable Fashion in the Future - Ethical Practices and Supporting Local Business 

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Sustainable Fashion in the Future - Ethical Practices and Supporting Local Business 

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Supporting local products and art crafts will also be a trend present in our future. People will start appreciating the more time consumed by artisans in creating their pieces and local business will be heavily on by the public. This will help the local economy and will also reduce the footprint of our planet.

Overall, we can predict that consumers will be more educated towards eco-friendly alternatives to wear and the impact that the products we consume create on our planet. The future for sustainable fashion is to focus on ethical practices in their manufacturing processes, materials, afterlife and working conditions with their employees. The industry will be forced to adapt to a world where consumers are looking for those characteristics in a brand, otherwise their chances of surviving in the market will be low. Sustainable fashion will keep shaping our daily lives and daily choices.

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https://youtu.be/7i0QMnz4ExY?si=NFiyiNITdh8r-sSf

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Recycling fashion: The town turning waste into clothes- BBC News

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Revolutionizing Fashion for a Sustainable Future with Technology | Sam Alexander | TEDxAustin

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Bibliography

1.      Ben Johnson, Historic UK (HUK). No date. Medieval Fashion. https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Medieval-Fashion/ (2024-05-29)

2.      David Marshall, Immago (I), June 22, 2023.  The History of the global apparel industry: Pre-industrial Revolution.

https://immago.com/history-apparel-industry-pre-industrial-revolution/ (2024-05-29)

3.      Diana Julia Alexandra de Marly, The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Revised by: Virginia Gorlinski. Britannica (B), No date. Europe, 1500-1800.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/dress-clothing/Europe-1500-1800 (2024-05-29)

4.      Laura Hayward, The collector (TC), October 12, 2021. Ancient Roman Clothing: Fashion and personal adornment in Rome.

https://www.thecollector.com/ancient-roman-clothing/ (2024-05-29)

5.      Mark Cartwright, World History Encyclopedia (WHE). June 28, 2018. Clothes in Medieval England. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1248/clothes-in-medieval-england/ (2024-05-29)

6. Arch (2023) The Evolution of Sustainable Fashion: A Future Prediction

https://www.archedu.org/blog/the-evolution-of-sustainable-fashion-a-future-prediction/

GreyB (2024) 7 Trends Driving a

7. Sustainable Future in Textile

https://www.greyb.com/blog/sustainable-textiles/#:~:text=The%20future%20of%20sustainable%20textiles,the%20industry%20is%20making%20strides.